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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    REDOX REGULATION OF CELLULAR ACTIVATION (1997)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Immunology 15 (1997), S. 351-369 
    Details
    ISSN: 0732-0582
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Growing evidence has indicated that cellular reduction/oxidation (redox) status regulates various aspects of cellular function. Oxidative stress can elicit positive responses such as cellular proliferation or activation, as well as negative responses such as growth inhibition or cell death. Cellular redox status is maintained by intracellular redox-regulating molecules, including thioredoxin (TRX). TRX is a small multifunctional protein that has a redox-active disulfide/dithiol within the conserved active site sequence: Cys-Gly-Pro-Cys. Adult T cell leukemia-derived factor (ADF), which we originally defined as an IL-2 receptor alpha-chain/Tac inducer produced by human T cell lymphotrophic virus-I (HTLV-I)-transformed T cells, has been identified as human TRX. TRX/ADF is a stress-inducible protein secreted from cells. TRX/ADF has both intracellular and extracellular functions as one of the key regulators of signaling in the cellular responses against various stresses. Extracellularly, TRX/ADF shows a cytoprotective activity against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis and a growth-promoting effect as an autocrine growth factor. Intracellularly, TRX/ADF is involved in the regulation of protein-protein or protein-nucleic acid interactions through the reduction/oxidation of protein cysteine residues. For example, TRX/ADF translocates from the cytosol into the nucleus by a variety of cellular stresses, to regulate the expression of various genes through the redox factor-1 (Ref-1)/APEX. Further studies to clarify the regulatory roles of TRX/ADF and its target molecules may elucidate the intracellular signaling pathways in the responses against various stresses. The concept of "redox regulation" is emerging as an understanding of the novel mechanisms in the pathogenesis of several disorders, including viral infections, immunodeficiency, malignant transformation, and degenerative disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.immunol.15.1.351
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ligation of Medically Refracted Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) in an Extremely Low Body Weight Premature Infant (1998)
    Springer
    Surgery today 28 (1998), S. 1290-1294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: Key Words: preterm infant ; patent ductus arteriosus ; ligation of patent ductus arteriosus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005950050336
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ligation of medically refracted patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in an extremely low body weight premature infant (1998)
    Springer
    Surgery today 28 (1998), S. 1290-1294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: preterm infant ; patent ductus arteriosus ; ligation of patent ductus arteriosus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Medically refracted patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in an extremely low birth weight (ELBW) preterm (gestation 24 weeks 2 days) infant was successfully ligated under general anesthesia in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Pharmacological agents are more effective to close PDA in preterm infants than in full-term infants, although within 48 h three doses of indomethacin were not sufficient to close PDA in this case. At the age of 69 h the infant developed severe symptoms including bradycardia, systemic hypotension, pulmonary hypertension, diastolic steal (reverse distal aorta flow velocity), and anuria. A PDA ligation was thus performed surgically at 72 h of age. General anesthesia and surgical stress were tolerated by this 531 g infant. Postoperatively all symptoms improved dramatically and the general conditions were stable. On the 38th day the endotracheal tube was extubated and on the 50th day nasogastric milk feeding was started. The oxygen supply was weaned on the 78th day. Growth and development until 6 months were within the normal range of very low birth weight infants. A surgical ligation as early as possible in medically refracted PDA in an ELBW infant is thus considered to be a safe and effective treatment. It prevents the development of further complications of cardiopulmonary vascular problems. Color Doppler echocardiography can reliably measure the PDA size, flow velocity, and hemodynamic changes of persistent PDA, even in tiny infants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02482818
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase II trial of 5-fluorouracil and low-dose cisplatin in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus (1999)
    Springer
    Surgery today 29 (1999), S. 97-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: esophageal carcinoma ; preoperative chemotherapy ; biochemical modulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A phase II study was conducted to determine the clinical efficacy and toxicity of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and low-dose cisplatin (CDDP) in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Chemotherapy consisted of 5-FU at a dose of 330 mg/m2 per day, given as a 24-h infusion on days 1–7, and CDDP at a dose of 6 mg/m2 per day, given as a 2-h infusion on days 1–5. Either two or four cycles of chemotherapy were administered to 20 patients with stage III advanced esophageal carcinoma. All 20 patients were then assessed for response and toxicity. An objective response was demonstrated by 11 of the 20 patients, with one complete response (CR) and ten partial responses (PR), bringing the response rate to 55%, with a 95% confidence interval of 27% to 83%. Surgical resection of the tumor was performed in all 20 patients. One patient was found to have a grade 3 histological CR. The median survival of all the patients was 20.5 months, with a range of 4.5 to 48.0 months. Neutropenia and thrombocytopenia developed in five (25%) and two (10%) patients, respectively, and the nonhematologic toxicities were insignificant. The findings of this phase II study indicate that preoperative treatment using 5-FU and low-dose CDDP chemotherapy for patients with advanced esophageal carcinoma appears to achieve a high response rate after shortterm administration without affecting the quality of sophisticated lymph node dissection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02482231
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase II Trial of 5-Fluorouracil and Low-Dose Cisplatin in Patients with Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Esophagus (1999)
    Springer
    Surgery today 29 (1999), S. 97-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: Key Words: esophageal carcinoma ; preoperative chemotherapy ; biochemical modulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 2 per day, given as a 24-h infusion on days 1–7, and CDDP at a dose of 6 mg/m2 per day, given as a 2-h infusion on days 1–5. Either two or four cycles of chemotherapy were administered to 20 patients with stage III advanced esophageal carcinoma. All 20 patients were then assessed for response and toxicity. An objective response was demonstrated by 11 of the 20 patients, with one complete response (CR) and ten partial responses (PR), bringing the response rate to 55%, with a 95% confidence interval of 27% to 83%. Surgical resection of the tumor was performed in all 20 patients. One patient was found to have a grade 3 histological CR. The median survival of all the patients was 20.5 months, with a range of 4.5 to 48.0 months. Neutropenia and thrombocytopenia developed in five (25%) and two (10%) patients, respectively, and the nonhematologic toxicities were insignificant. The findings of this phase II study indicate that preoperative treatment using 5-FU and low-dose CDDP chemotherapy for patients with advanced esophageal carcinoma appears to achieve a high response rate after short-term administration without affecting the quality of sophisticated lymph node dissection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005950050367
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of synapsin I in normal fibers and regenerating axonal sprouts of the rat sciatic nerve (1996)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 105 (1996), S. 365-373 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The localization of synapsin I, a synaptic vesicle-associated protein, was investigated immunocytochemically in normal nerve fibers and regenerating axonal sprouts following crush-injuries to the rat sciatic nerve. In normal myelinated axons, weak synapsin I immunoreactivity was found in the axoplasmic/smooth endoplasmic domains, but not in the cytoskeletal domains comprising neurofilaments and microtubules. In non-myelinated axons without dense cytoskeletal structures, moderate immunoreactivity was distributed diffusely throughout the axoplasm. In the crush-injured nerves, intense synapsin I immunoreactivity was demonstrated by light microscopy in early regenerating sprouts emerging from nodes of Ranvier. These nodal sprouts subsequently elongated as regenerating axons through the space between the basal lamina and the myelin sheath (or Schwann cell plasma membrane). Intense synapsin I immunoreactivity was also found in the growth cones of such long regenerating axons. Electron microscopy revealed that synapsin I immunoreactivity was associated mainly with vesicular organelles in the nodal sprouts and growth cones of regenerating axons. Long regenerating axons exhibited no synapsin I immunoreactivity in the shaft, which contained an abundance of neurofilaments. However, vesicle accumulations remaining in the periphery of the shaft still exhibited intense synapsin I immunoreactivity. Thus, it can be concluded that synapsin I is localized at especially high density in the domains comprising vesicular organelles, which are characteristic of early nodal sprouts, as well as in growth cones of regenerating axons. These findings, together with the proposed functions of synapsin I investigated in other studies, suggest that synapsin I may play important roles in vesicular dynamics including the translocation of vesicles to the plasma membrane in sprouts and growth cones of regenerating axons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01463657
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple combined therapy for severe Henoch-Schönlein nephritis in children (1998)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 12 (1998), S. 244-248 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Key words: Henoch-Schönlein nephritis ; Multiple combined therapy ; Histological effects ; Prognosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. From 1980 through 1992, 14 children with Henoch-Schönlein nephritis (HSN) showing severe glomerular changes (grade IV or V) were given a multiple combined therapy with prednisolone, cyclophosphamide, heparin/warfarin, and dipyridamole, and were followed for 7.5±0.9 years. The period between the onset of nephritis and the start of therapy was 0.8±0.4 years. Ten patients underwent follow-up biopsy after therapy. The percentage of glomeruli having crescents/segmental lesions was significantly reduced after therapy (70%±5% vs. 42%±7%, P 〈0.01), due mainly to the resolution of crescents (51%±8% vs. 13%±5%, P 〈0.01). Thus, histological grade was significantly improved (5 grade IV and 5 grade V vs. 7 grade III and 3 grade IV, P 〈0.01). After an average follow-up period of 7.5 years, 9 patients showed normal urine and renal function, 4 showed minor urinary abnormalities, and 1 heavy proteinuria. No patient developed chronic renal insufficiency. These findings suggest that the multiple combined therapy could be effective for histologically severe HSN, although a prospective controlled study should be performed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004670050447
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-year cyclosporin treatment in children with steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (1999)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 13 (1999), S. 33-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Key words Chronic nephrotoxicity ; Cyclosporin treatment ; Minimal change nephrotic syndrome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We describe a prospective study of 2-year moderate-dose cyclosporin (CS) treatment in 13 children with steroid-dependent minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS). CS treatment was commenced at 100–150 mg/m2 per day after remission was attained with prednisolone therapy, was adjusted to a target trough level of 100 ng/ml, and was administered for 2 years. The number of relapses during CS treatment significantly decreased compared with before CS treatment, all patients were able to discontinue prednisolone therapy, and steroid toxicity was reduced; 54% of patients remained in remission during CS treatment. Renal biopsies performed before CS treatment all showed MCNS without tubulointerstitial lesions. Creatinine clearance and urinary β2-microglobulin levels during CS treatment were normal in all patients, but renal biopsies performed after CS treatment revealed chronic CS nephrotoxicity in 7 patients. Clinical data, including CS dose and CS trough blood levels, were not significantly different between patients with and without nephrotoxicity. In conclusion, 2-year moderate-dose CS treatment in children with steroid-dependent MCNS is effective in preventing relapse and decreasing steroid toxicity. This treatment can, however, result in a high incidence of chronic nephrotoxicity. Renal function is not a reliable indicator of chronic CS nephrotoxicity. Renal biopsy is therefore necessary to monitor chronic CS nephrotoxicity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004670050558
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High incidence of a survival motor neuron gene/ c BCD541 gene ratio of 2 in Japanese parents of spinal muscular atrophy patients: a characteristic background of spinal muscular atrophy in Japan? (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 246 (1999), S. 48-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Spinal muscular atrophy ; Survival motor neuron gene ; cBCD541 gene ; Competitive oligonucleotide priming polymerase chain reaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Most spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) patients lack the survival motor neuron gene (SMN). However, the patients retain at least one copy of the c BCD541 gene (BCD), which is highly homologous with SMN. Here, we determined the SMN/BCD copy number ratios (the S/B ratios) of 12 parents of Japanese SMA patients with a homozygous SMN deletion, using competitive oligonucleotide priming polymerase chain reaction. We identified an S/B ratio of 2 in 25% of the parents examined, whereas less than 2% of parents of SMA patients in Western populations have an S/B ratio of 2. The high incidence of an S/B ratio of 2 in Japanese parents of SMA patients may reflect the characteristic genetic background of SMA in Japan.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004150050305
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