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Digitale Medien

Chemical Basis for Aspilia Leaf-Swallowing by Chimpanzees: A Reanalysis (1997)

Page, J. E. ; Huffman, M. A. ; Smith, V. ; [weitere]

Springer

Journal of chemical ecology 23 (1997), S. 2211-2226

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ISSN: 1573-1561

Schlagwort(e): Aspilia ; chimpanzees ; 1,2-dithiins ; thiarubrines ; zoopharmacognosy ; antifungal bioassay ; Candida albicans

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie

Notizen: Abstract Thiarubrine A, an antimicrobial and nematocidal 1,2-dithiin polyyne has been reported to be a constituent of Aspilia leaves swallowed whole by chimpanzees. Aspilia samples were analyzed for the presence of thiarubrine A and other sulfur-containing polyynes using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and an antifungal bioassay. Thiarubrines A, B, D, and E and their corresponding thiophenes were not present in the leaves of three Aspilia species including A. mossambicensis and A. rudis, which are swallowed by chimpanzees at Mahale Mountains National Park and Gombe National Park, Tanzania. Antifungal activity, indicative of the presence of thiarubrines, was not detected in Aspilia leaf samples. Small amounts of thiarubrines A and B, and thiophenes A and B were found in A. mossambicensis roots. Analysis of three North American taxa found high concentrations of thiarubrines and thiophenes in the roots of Eriophyllum lanatum and Chaenactis douglasii, and the roots and leaves of Ambrosia chamissonis.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:JOEC.0000006440.57230.a9

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Digitale Medien

Exercise-induced hypoxaemia in master athletes: effects of a polyunsaturated fatty acid diet (1995)

Aguilaniu, B. ; Flore, P. ; Perrault, H. ; [weitere]

Springer

European journal of applied physiology 72 (1995), S. 44-50

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ISSN: 1439-6327

Schlagwort(e): Alveolar-arterial difference in oxygen ; Exercise test ; Driving component of ventilation ; Cell membrane fluidity

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Medizin

Notizen: Abstract Exercise-induced hypoxaemia (EIH) has been associated with an oxygen diffusion limitation. Because polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) administration can modify cell membrane fluidity, we hypothesized that the importance of EIH could be reduced after a 6-week PUFA diet. Resting pulmonary functions and a maximal cycling test were performed before and after the diet, in eight master athletes [48 (SD 6 years)]. The partial pressure. of O2 in arterial blood (PaO2), alveolar ventilation ( $$\dot V_A $$ ) and ideal alveolar-arterial oxygen partial pressure difference (P(A i−a)O2) were obtained at each exercise intensity. The extent of EIH at maximal exercise was significantly lower after PUFA [PaO2 −17.2 (SEM 1.9) vs −12.9 (SEM 2.2)]. Before PUFA, $$\dot V_A $$ accounted for 50% of the variance in the fall inP(A i−a) for intensities below 80% maximal oxygen uptake ( $$\dot VO_{2\max } $$ ) andP(A i−a)O2 for 60% between 70% and 100% $$\dot VO_{2\max } $$ . After PUFA, the reduction in EIH was highly correlated (r 2 = 0.85;P 〈 0.001) to resulting changes inP(Aii−a)O2 and resting pulmonary diffusing capacity $$(D_{L_{CO} } )/\dot V_A $$ but not with changes in ideal alveolar partial pressure of oxygen. The improvement in EIH following PUFA could be related to an increase in alveolar-arterial oxygen conductance following improved pulmonary diffusion.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00964113

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