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  • 1995-1999  (7)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 245-250 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effect of water vapor on the mechanisms of nucleation and growth of metallo-organic chemical vapor deposited copper films from copper (II) hexafluoroacetylacetonate [Cu(hfa)2] on a polyimide substrate has been investigated. Minimal copper deposition was observed on the polyimide substrate in the absence of water vapor. When water vapor was introduced into the system, blanket copper deposition was observed on the whole polyimide surface. The initial nucleation and growth of copper film on polyimide is initiated by the reaction between the vapor phase precursor and water vapor not the surface chemistry reaction between the vapor phase precursor and the substrate. Copper film growth on the polyimide substrate can thus be attributed to an initial oxidation of the organic ligand by water vapor followed by reduction of the resulting copper oxide by hydrogen. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 235 (1998), S. 255-259 
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract A radiochemical neutron activation analysis method has been developed based on pyrolysis followed by double gold amalgamation for the determination of mercury in solid samples. Accurate results were obtained for mercury in six standard reference materials of varying matrices, including coal. Linearity was demonstrated up to mercury concentrations of 10,000 ng/g. The method is capable of yielding precise, reproducible values with a detection limit of 5 ng/g for mercury in coal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Results of micro-PIXE analysis of senile plaques (SP) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain have been utilized to independently confirm levels of iron (Fe) as measured by LMMS in adjacent brain sections. LMMS concentrations were calculated based on the preparation and analysis of an iron calibration curve prepared in our laboratory. The LMMS standards consist of ironcis-dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 ether coordination complexes dissolved in Spurr's low viscosity embedding medium. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the use of micro-PIXE, with its spatial resolution and detection limits comparable to that of LMMS, in the validation of LMMS results. The agreement observed between results obtained for Fe by micro-PIXE and LMMS indicates that the use of our LMMS standards, at least in the case of Fe, yields accurate results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Chronic lead (Pb) intoxication has been linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Lead, like many heavy elements, tends to accumulate in bone. PIXE is a powerful analytical tool which permits the determination of Pb at the μg/g level without requiring sample digestion. GFAAS is one of the most sensitive methods for the determination of Pb and is capable of determining ng/g levels in solution. For bone analyses by GFAAS, sample dissolution and a matrix modifier are required. Rib bone samples were analyzed for Pb by PIXE and GFAAS. IAEA Animal Bone (H-5) was used as a secondary standard for Pb with both methods to ensure accuracy. The range of Pb concentrations in human rib bone was 1.4–11.5 μg/g for the trabecular surface by PIXE, 1.3–45 μg/g for the cortical surface by PIXE, and 1.54–11.75 μg/g for whole bone by GFAAS. No significant difference (p〉0.05) was found for AD versus control for either surface or for whole bone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 221 (1997), S. 23-28 
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The minor and trace element content in coal is of great interest due to the potential impact on the environment from the release of these elements during combustion. Reducing the concentrations of potentially hazardous elements in coal prior to combustion is one way of dealing with this issue. In this research particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) was used to investigate a hydrothermal leaching process for the removal of trace elements from a bituminous coal. The leaching agents HNO3 and NaOH were evaluated along with the effects of process parameters (temperature, pressure, and time) on the method's effectiveness. The variable with the greatest influence was the leaching agent itself. HNO3 was determined to be more effective than NaOH in reducing elemental concentrations for nearly all the elements determined. Increasing the temperature did result in greater reductions for some elements (Cl, Br, Zn) whereas increasing the pressure and duration of the leaching process had minimal impact on reductions, in elemental concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) spectrometry is being used to nondestructively determine the elemental composition of copper-based artifacts excavated from prehistoric/protohistoric sites in the Ohio River Valley. Copper objects from Caborn-Welborn (C-W) and contemporary Fort Ancient sites are being studied so as to differentiate between native American and European copper. The trace element analysis of metal artifacts enables archaeologists to more accurately assess the material culture and chronological development of C-W society (A.D. 1400–1700) with particular reference to geological sources of copper and brass.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 219 (1997), S. 247-250 
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Although many areas of major national need depend critically on professionals trained in nuclear and radiochemistry, educational opportunities and student interest in this area have declined steadily for the last twenty years. One major contributing factor to the lack of student interest is that most students in science and chemistry courses are never introduced to these topics. This deficiency in science curricula, coupled with the negative public perception towards all things “nuclear”, has resulted in a serious shortage of individuals with a background in this area. We propose to address this problem by “educating the educators” — providing faculty from two- and four-year colleges and high school science teachers with the curriculum materials, training, and motivation to incorporate these topics on a continuing basis in their curricula. Two advantages of this approach are: (1) it will generate scientists with a basic understanding of this field and (2) as teachers incorporate nuclear topics, many students will have the opportunity to reflect on the role of science in a technological society.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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