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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photon channeling in the vacuum-ultraviolet wavelength range : Proceedings of the 5th international conference on synchrotron radiation instrumentation (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 2203-2205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Experimental measurements in the laboratory have shown a new type of focusing of far ultraviolet light, λ〈1000 A(ring), using tapered capillary tubes similar to those first developed for the near-field scanning optical microscope which we call photon channeling. Silica tubes with taper half angles of ∼0.5°–6° have been tested. An array of capillaries mounted on a rotatable drum placed in front of a collimated photon source obtained from a rare-gas discharge lamp were used. By rotation of the drum, successive capillaries can be brought into alignment, and the photoemission detected by a channeltron-grid detector. The straight capillary intensity shows no significant light guide effect; it simply decreases as the area of the capillary. However, the tapered capillaries show an enhanced transmission (or photon channeling effect). In quantitative agreement with simple numerical estimates, it is found that the transmission enhancement factor varies from ∼10 to 500 times the collimated transmission of a pinhole aperture of the same dimensions with an approximately linear dependence of channeling factor on inverse of the half angle. Useful intensity suitable for photoelectron energy analysis with capillary openings of ∼0.8 μ has been demonstrated. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1145706
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Convergent beam guided mode technique for use in liquid crystal studies (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 3984-3987 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The use of a convergent beam to excite guided modes in a liquid crystal layer in order to determine the director profile is described. The technique has two main advantages over the conventional collimated beam procedure. First, the convergent beam guided mode (CBGM) technique uses a highly focused beam spot that simultaneously excites many guided modes and produces reflectivity data over a wide angle range. Such reflectivity can be captured in milliseconds with a charge coupled device array and can therefore potentially be used to study cell dynamics. Second, the CBGM technique removes the need to rotate the liquid crystal cell and consequently the focused beam remains completely stationary on the liquid crystal layer, allowing examination of single pixels. The work presented here is a demonstration of the CBGM technique via a study of the static director profile of a homogeneously aligned nematic (E7) liquid crystal layer. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.370300
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magneto-impedance effect in NiFe plated wire (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 68 (1996), S. 2753-2755 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The voltage V(t) induced by a sinusoidal drive current traversing a 125-μm-diameter BeCu wire plated with 1 μm NiFe is observed to be a very strong function of axial dc magnetic field. The basic physics of this phenomenon is explained classically in terms of Faraday's law of induction and Stoner–Wohlfarth magnetization reversal, which yield theoretical predictions that are in good agreement with experiment. For drive current amplitudes of the order of 100 mA, and frequencies of the order of 5 MHz, the field sensitivity dV/dH can be as large as 1 V/Oe (per cm of wire), which offers the potential for application in relatively simple, very high sensitivity magnetic field sensors. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.115587
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CD44 variant expression in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 24 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Expression of the lymphocyte homing receptor CD44 and its splice variants have been linked to tumour dissemination and poor prognosis in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Specifically, the in vitro expression of variant exon V6 confers metastatic potential in rat pancreatic carcinoma cell lines. In this study, we investigated the expression of CD44 splice variants in cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, including patients with mycosis fungoides (MF), Sezary syndrome (SS), large-cell anaplastic lymphoma (LCAL) and HTLV1-associated cutaneous lymphoma. In addition, 4 involved lymph nodes from 2 patients with MF and 1 patient with SS were examined. Inflammatory dermatoses, lichen planus and psoriasis, and normal skin were also studied. Immunohistochemistry was performed using a panel of monoclonal antibodies, including those with specificity for CD44H (standard isoform) and variant exons V3, V6 and V8-9. Normal epidermal keratinocytes were consistently CD44H and CD44 V3, V6 and V8-9 positive. In all the different clinicopathological subtypes and stages of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, including involved lymph nodes, tumour cells consistently expressed CD44H, but were CD44 V3 and V6 negative. CD44 V8-9 was expressed on a majority of tumour cells in 2/5 LCAL and on occasional tumour cells in 2/5 LCAL. Occasional V8-9 positive tumour cells were also identified in 6/13 MF, 1/4 SS and 3/4 HTLV1. In 2/3 lymph node samples from 2 patients with tumour-stage MF, CD44 V8-9 expression was found on a small percentage of atypical mono-nuclear cells. Scattered V8-9 positive dermal mononuclear cells were present in sections of lichen planus and psoriasis. We have found no evidence to suggest that the metastasis-associated CD44 variant exon (V6) is expressed in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, or that CD44H expression is associated with an adverse prognostic group. It is not clear whether the strong expression of CD44 V8-9 in 2 patients with CD30 positive LCAL reflects activation status or metastatic potential.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0560.1997.tb00802.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Excision of selected skin tumours using Mohs' micrographic surgery with horizontal paraffin-embedded sections (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 135 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Histological interpretation of frozen sections made during Mohs' micrographic surgery may be difficult, depending on the morphological and staining characteristics of the tumour and on tbe nature of the associated inllammatory inliltrate. We have employed an adaptation of micrographic surgery in which horizontal, formalin-tixed. paraflin-embedded sections were used to improve histological assessment in the excision of 18 non-melanoma skin tumours in which frozen sections had been or were likely to be unsatisfactory. We describe our experience of this method in the management of squamous cell carcinomas (11). extramammary Paget's disease (two), microcystic adnexal cell carcinomas (two), dermatotibrosarcoma protuberans (two), and primary cutaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma (Merkel cell carcinoma) (one). The use of horizontal paraffin-embedded sections lengthens the duration of the procedure but facilitates accurate assessment of histological sections in selected tumours.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-1094.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cutaneous histopathology of Sézary syndrome: a study of 41 cases with a proven circulating T-cell clone (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 24 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Sézary syndrome is an uncommon variant of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) characterized by erythroderma, pruritus, adenopathy, and circulating atypical T-lymphocytes with cerebriform nuclei. The definition of Sézary syndrome can be further refined by including only patients with a circulating peripheral blood population of clonal T-cells. We have evaluated 79 skin biopsies from such a group of 41 erythrodermic patients with circulating Sézary cells and a clonal population of T-cells detected by T-cell receptor-figene rearrangement on Southern analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Histopathologic features consistent with chronic dermatitis were observed in 26/79 (33%) skin biopsy specimens, emphasizing that a non-specific histologic appearance is common. Evidence of CTCL was lacking in 11/41 patients on biopsy of their erythrodermic skin. The survival of these patients was not significantly different from 30/41 patients in whom skin biopsies revealed changes diagnostic of CTCL, such as a dermal lymphocytic band with atypical lymphocytes (18/79, 23%) or a mycosis fungoides-like infiltrate (30/79, 38%). This study confirms that non-specific cutaneous hlstopathologic findings are common in Sézary syndrome, even when a circulating T-cell clone is present. This stresses the need for peripheral blood genetic analysis and for multiple or repeat skin biopsies in erythrodermic patients when there is high clinical suspicion of CTCL.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0560.1997.tb00793.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pumps as Turbines and Induction Motors as Generators for Energy Recovery in Water Supply Systems (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Water and environment journal 12 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1747-6593
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Pressure-reducing valves, which dissipate energy, are often used in water supply systems to regulate the downstream pressure levels. If a reverse running pumpset is installed alongside such a valve, most of the dissipated energy can be recovered.This paper describes a system of this type which has recently been installed by North West Water, with advice and specialized equipment supplied by the Nottingham Trent University Micro-Hydro Group. The power produced by the energy-recovery system is used to run and monitor a remote potable-water dosing plant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.1998.tb00169.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Optimization and Semicontinuous Synthesis of Oligosaccharides (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 799 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb33265.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Introduction (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 11 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1997.tb00802.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Indeterminate cell histiocytosis—a clinicopathological entity with features of both X- and non-X histiocytosis (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 134 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An otherwise healthy 50-year-old woman presented with a 6-month history of having developed more than 100 generalized, non-confluent, reddish-brown, partially yellow-coloured papules. A non-epidermotropic, monomorphous infiltrate of vacuolated mononuclear, and occasionally multinuclear, histiocytes, positive for factor XIIIa and macrophage markers HAM56 and KiM1p, was consistent with the clinical impression of generalized eruptive histiocytomas. However, the additional reactivity for S100 protein, in the absence of features of histiocytosis X, suggested a diagnosis of indeterminate cell histiocytosis (ICH). Further immunohistochemical studies, performed on snap-frozen material, characterized the lesions as being diffusely positive with LN3 (HLA-UR). Leu4 (CD3) and Leu3 (CD4). the infiltrate in the upper dermis as reactive for OKT6 (CD1) and IOT6c (CD1c), and the infiltrate in the lower dermis as reactive for a variety of macrophage markers. Ultrastructural studies showed various non-specific features of histocytic disorders, but no Birbeck granulesOur findings confirm those of previous reports suggesting that ICH is a distinct histiocytic entity, characterized by immunophenotypic features of both X- and non-X histiocytoses. Generalized eruptive histiocytoma seems to be an early indeterminate stage of various non-X histiocytic syndromes including ICH, multicentric reticulohistiocytosis, xanthogranuloma and xanthoma disseminatum. The distribution pattern of the various X/non-X histiocytic markers suggests dermal arrest of antigen-presenting cells during their physiological trafficking from the skin to the lymph nodes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1996.44787.x
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