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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Order 4 (1987), S. 165-189 
    ISSN: 1572-9273
    Keywords: 08A02 ; 08A35 ; Archimedean ; automorphism ; measurement ; ordered relational structure ; translation group
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The paper focuses on three problems of generalizing properties of concatenation structures (ordered structures with a monotonic operation) to ordered structures lacking any operation. (1) What is the natural generalization of the idea of Archimedeaness, of commensurability between large and small? (2) What is the natural generalization of the concept of a unit concatenation structure in which the translations (automorphisms with no fixed point) can be represented by multiplication by a constant? (3) What is the natural generalization of a ratio scale concatenation structure being distributive in a conjoint one, which has been shown to force a multiplicative representation of the latter and the product-of-powers representation of units found in physics? It is established (Theorems 5.1 and 5.2) that for homogeneous structures, the latter two questions are equivalent to it having the property that the set of all translations forms a homogeneous Archimedean ordered group. A sufficient condition for Archimedeaness of the translations is that they form a group, which is equivalent to their being 1-point unique, and the structure be Dedekind complete and order dense (Theorems 2.1 and 2.2). It is suggested that Archimedean order of the translations is, indeed, also the answer to the first question. As a lead into that conclusion, a number of results are reported in Section 3 on Archimedeaness in concatenation structures, including for positive structures sufficient conditions for several different notions of Archimedeaness to be equivalent. The results about idempotent structures are fragmentary.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-0476
    Keywords: certainty equivalents ; reference levels ; rank- and sign-dependent utility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract Choice is viewed as a derived, not a primitive, concept. Individual gambles are assigned subjective certainty equivalents (CE1); the choice setX has an associated reference level [RL(X)] based on the CE1S of its members; the outcomes of each gamble are recoded as deviations from the RL(X); and new CE2S are constructed. The gamble having the largest CE2 is chosen. The CEs are described by the rank-and sign-dependent theory of Luce (1992b). The concept of RL is studied axiomatically. The model predicts many behavioral anomalies and is tested with data sets of Mellers, Chang, Birnbaum, and Ordóñez (1992).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of risk and uncertainty 1 (1988), S. 305-332 
    ISSN: 1573-0476
    Keywords: rank-dependent utility ; uncertain payoffs ; gambles ; preference ; dual-bilinear utility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract Gambles are recursively generated from pure payoffs, events, and other gambles, and a preference order over them is assumed. Weighted average utility representations are studied that are strictly increasing in each payoff and for which the weights depend both on the events underlying the gamble and the preference ranking over the several component payoffs. Basically two results are derived: a characterization of monotonicity in terms of the weights, and an axiomatization of the representation. The latter rests on two important conditions: a decomposition of gambles into binary ones and a necessary commutativity condition on events in a particular class of binary gambles. A number of unsolved problems are cited.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of risk and uncertainty 4 (1991), S. 29-59 
    ISSN: 1573-0476
    Keywords: generalized SEU ; generalized prospect theory ; rank-dependent utility ; sign-dependent utility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract Finite first-order gambles are axiomatized. The representation combines features of prospect and rank-dependent theories. What is novel are distinctions between gains and losses and the inclusion of a binary operation of joint receipt. In addition to many of the usual structural and rationality axioms, joint receipt forms an ordered concatenation structure with special features for gains and losses. Pfanzagl's (1959) consistency principle is assumed for gains and losses separately. The nonrational assumption is that a gamble of gains and losses is indifferent to the joint receipt of its gains pitted against the status quo and of its losses against the status quo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of risk and uncertainty 5 (1992), S. 5-27 
    ISSN: 1573-0476
    Keywords: subjective expected utility ; rank-dependent linear utility ; rank-and sign-dependent linear utility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract Subjective expected utility (SEU) rests on and implies four tenets of rational preferences; transitivity, monotonicity of consequences, independence of a common consequence, and accounting equivalences. Empirical evidence against transitivity and monotonicity is reevaluated and the opposite conclusion drawn using more recent data. The more complex accounting equivalences are descriptively implausible. The three simplest—idempotence, complementarity, and event commutativity—seem to be the only ones that may be descriptive. These, coupled with the postulate of an interval scale representation, result in a rank-dependent, weighted linear generalization of SEU. Further generalizations to nonbinary mixtures and to rank-and sign-dependent representations are also described. Problems in testing these theories are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
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    Dordrecht : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Synthese. 18:4 (1968:oct.) 311 
    ISSN: 0039-7857
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General , Philosophy
    Notes: A Symposium on Thermodynamics
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  • 7
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    Unknown
    Urbana, etc. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    American Journal of Psychology. 105:4 (1992:Winter) 626 
    ISSN: 0002-9556
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: Book Reviews: Dominic W. Massaro, Editor
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Synthese 〈Dordrecht〉 18 (1968), S. 311-326 
    ISSN: 1573-0964
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General , Philosophy
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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