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  • 1
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract In order to study the basic mechanism of polarization enhancement realized by the multitilted foil technique, nuclear polarization of short-lived beta-emitter8B(T1/2=769 ms,I π=2+) was induced. Utilizing up to ten tilted foils, the polarization enhancement was measured as a function of the foil numbers. The observed enhancement for8B was combined with the previous results for12B(I π=1+,T 1/2=20 ms) which has the same atomic configurations but different nuclear spin. Analyzing these results in the framework of the classical vector model, the essential features of the enhancement depending on the nuclear spin was disclosed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Superoxide production by cultured microglia derived from neonatal rat brains and the cytotoxicity of these cells were evaluated. The chemiluminescence (photon counts) detected in the presence of MCLA, a new chemiluminescence probe, was strongly correlated with the microglial cell count. Chemiluminescence observed in this system was confirmed to originate specifically from superoxide produced by activated microglia. Phorbol myristate acetate-stimulated microglia caused a pronounced reduction of PC12h cell numbers in coculture. The addition of superoxide dismutase with catalase or the addition of deferoxamine mesylate inhibited PC12h cell death, suggesting that active oxygen species derived from superoxide generated by the microglia or iron-oxygen complex formation were responsible for the cytotoxicity. These results imply that activated microglia may participate in the progression of the pathologic process in some neurodegenerative disorders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 47 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Using chicken brain mRNAs, α and γ enolase precursors were synthesized in the rabbit reticulocyte cell-free translation system. The product proteins showed molecular weights almost identical to those of the mature subunits. The levels of translatable mRNAs for α and γ subunits were determined by the cell-free translation system and immuno-precipitation with specific antisera, during development of chicken brain. The level of α mRNA was high at any developmental stage of the brain. On the other hand, the γ mRNA level was very low at the early embryonic stage, and increased rapidly during development of the brain. These changes were closely correlated with those of the corresponding enzyme activities, indicating that the levels of enolase activities in developing brain were controlled primarily by the level of the translatable α and γ mRNAs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 885-896 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Molecular beam epitaxial (MBE) growth, structural, and electrical properties of novel epitaxial metal/semiconductor heterostructures (MSHs), consisting of monocrystalline CoAl, an intermetallic compound, and AlAs/GaAs III-V semiconductors have been studied. The CoAl with stoichiometric composition has a CsCl-type crystal structure whose lattice constant is very close to half the lattice constant of GaAs and AlAs, hence, it is a good candidate as a constituent metal in epitaxial monocrystalline metal/semiconductor heterostructures. MBE growth of CoAl thin films on AlAs/GaAs, and also semiconductor overgrowth on ultrathin CoAl films, together with structural characterizations by in situ reflection high energy electron diffractions, ex situ x-ray diffractions and cross sectional transmission electron microscopy have been explored. By optimizing the growth parameters and procedures, high quality monocrystalline CoAl/AlAs/GaAs heterostructures with atomically abrupt interfaces have been successfully grown. Furthermore, the electrical properties of such novel heterostructures as Schottky barrier heights of CoAl/AlAs/GaAs MSHs and transport properties in ultrathin buried CoAl films are described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have studied structural and magnetic properties of epitaxial MnAs thin films with various thicknesses (L=1.0–200 nm) on GaAs substrates. The MnAs thin films were grown at 200–250 °C on an As-rich disordered c(4×4) (001) GaAs surface by molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE). The growth direction of the MnAs was found to be along the [1¯100] axis of the hexagonal unit cell. X-ray spectra of the MnAs at room temperature have two peaks, indicating that the present MBE-grown MnAs films consist of the hexagonal ferromagnetic phase and orthorhombic paramagnetic phase. Magnetization measurements revealed that the MnAs thin films have perfectly square hysteresis characteristics with relatively high remnant magnetization Mr=300–567 emu/cm3 and low coercive field Hc=65–926 Oe, compared with those of epitaxial MnGa and MnAl thin films reported previously.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Recent progress regarding high power negative-ion source development for fusion research at JAERI is described. Using the cesium-seeded volume production-type negative-ion sources with an electrostatic acceleration system, a stable production of multiampere negative hydrogen/deuterium ion beams and a high energy acceleration of negative hydrogen ions of 0.2 A up to 350 keV have been demonstrated. On the basis of this recent progress, the construction of a 500 keV, 22 A, deuterium negative-ion source for a neutral beam injection system for the JT-60 tokamak was initiated. Additionally, a 1 MeV, 1 A Cockcroft–Walton-type test facility has been prepared in order to demonstrate high current negative ion acceleration up to 1 MeV. Through these research and development activities, the high power negative-ion source technology sufficient for the realization of a neutral beam injection system for a fusion experimental reactor such as the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor, is in the planning stages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 5914-5914 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Recently, high-Tc oxide superconductors have been extensively studied because these materials can be applied to various electronic devices, especially highly sensitive magnetic sensors or high-speed switching elements. For such the applications, thin films with superior superconductivity and very smooth surfaces are needed. The purpose of this work is to develop an as-grown technique of Y-Ba-Sr-Cu-O films on comparatively low-temperature substrates by adopting a newly devised alternative sputtering. The sputtering apparatus was constructed by three targets and a substrate holder which was intermittently rotated and stopped facing the desired target. The targets were Y2O, BaO+SrO, and Cu or CuO. The thickness of the oxide layer alternately deposited was adjusted to the thickness of the each metal-oxide monolayer. The substrate used was a (100) plane of a single-crystal MgO. The substrate temperature Ts was changed from 450 to 600 °C. The deposition rate of the each layer was affected by Ts. Especially, the deposition of the CuO layer was very sensitive to conditions of the film growing surface: Ts and/or degree of oxidation. The film composition was adjusted by changing the deposition time of the each layer. The crystal with an oxygen-defective perovskite nucleated even at a Ts of about 500 °C. In the case of sintered bulks, a tetragonal phase was obtained when the content of Sr was comparatively large. In contrast, an orthorhombic phase was stabilized in the sputtered films. As-grown films showed a poor superconductivity. After a post-annealing in 1-atom O2 at a low temperature of about 450 °C, a sharp superconducting transition was observed above 77 K. As we increase the content of Sr, the resistivity of the film became large and semiconductive.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: New ultrathin epitaxial magnetic multilayers consisting of ferromagnetic τMnAl and nonmagnetic NiAl have been prepared on GaAs by molecular beam epitaxy. The magnetic and magneto-optic properties of these multilayers and the effect of incorporating nonmagnetic NiAl into the structure have been investigated. Perpendicular magnetization was confirmed and the remnant magnetization and coercivity were improved compared to τMnAl thin films. In addition, by systematically changing the thickness of the NiAl layer the magnetic properties could be controlled. We discuss these issues and compare the magnetic and magneto-optic properties of these structures with other epitaxial magnetic structures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ferromagnetic perpendicularly magnetized epitaxial thin films of τ (Mn,Ni)Al have been successfully grown on AlAs/GaAs heterostructures by molecular beam epitaxy. We have investigated the polar Kerr rotation and magnetization of τ MnAl and (Mn,Ni)Al as a function of Mn and Ni concentration. The largest polar Kerr rotation and remnant magnetization were obtained for Mn0.5Al0.5 thin films with values of 0.16° and 224 emu/cm3, respectively. We observed that the Kerr rotation and magnetization remained constant with Ni additions up to about 12 at. % and subsequently decreased with further Ni additions. We discuss these results and one possible method of enhancing the Kerr rotation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 5320-5325 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A new interferometer has been developed for the accurate determination of the density of a silicon crystal, in which a single-crystal silicon sphere of nearly perfect geometry is placed in a Fabry–Perot etalon of accurately known plate distance, and the diameters are obtained by measuring the two gaps between the etalon and the adjacent surface of the sphere. A new method is used to measure the sum of the length of the two gaps by scanning the etalon against the sphere. Two wavelengths, 633 nm from a frequency-stabilized He–Ne laser and 441 nm from a free-running He–Cd laser, are used to determine the order of interference by applying the method of exact fractions. The diameter of about 94 mm has been measured with a resolution of 0.5 nm. Diameter measurements from uniformly distributed directions have shown that the mean diameter has been determined with a standard deviation of 8.6 nm, corresponding to 0.28 ppm in the volume determination. The total uncertainty of the volume is estimated to be 0.34 ppm. Effects of a thin oxide layer and impurities on the bulk density are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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