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  • 1990-1994  (1)
  • 1980-1984  (2)
  • Chemistry  (2)
  • Electrolyte disturbances  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Central pontine myelinolysis (1981)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 53 (1981), S. 145-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Central pontine myelinolysis ; Electrolyte disturbances ; Acid-base imbalance ; Extrapontine myelinolysis ; Oligodendrocyte ; Myelin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Thirty-seven cases of central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) with miscellaneous underlying disorders were found in 1,000 consecutive autopsies, of which 636 brains were examined. The incidence of CPM in this study was 5.8%. The frequent underlying disorders were malignant neoplasms (43%), chronic pulmonary disease (27%), and chronic renal failure cases under dialysis treatment (14%). Fatty liver cirrhosis due to alcohol abuse was recognized in only one CPM case. In the present study, 78% of the CPM cases revealed either electrolyte disturbances or abnormal blood gas data, such as marked deviation of base excess and/or of serum pH in 62.5%, hyper- or hypochloremia (above 115 mEq/l, below 95 mEq/l) in 47%, hyper- or hyponatremia (above 150 mEq/l, below 130 mEq/l) in 25%, marked hypoxemia (less than 40 mmHg) in 12.5% and hypokalemia (below 3.0 mEq/l) in 9% of the CPM cases. The myelinolytic changes were localized in the basis pontis in 14 of 37 CPM cases and in the basis pontis and the cerebral and/or cerebellar white matter (extrapontine myelinolysis) in the remaining 23 cases. The extrapontine changes were also closely related to the electrolyte disturbances or the abnormal blood gas data. The results of this study suggest that myclin and oligodendrocytes in the basis pontis and cerebral and cerebellar white matter are vulnerable to abnormal levels of serum electrolytes and also to marked changes of the acid-base balance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00689995
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanism and process of chemomechanical contraction of polyelectrolyte gels under electric field (1990)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymers for Advanced Technologies 1 (1990), S. 19-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1042-7147
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: When a water-swollen polyelectrolyte gel is interposed between a pair of electrodes and DC current is applied, the gel undergoes electro-chemomechanical contraction and concomitant water exudation both in water and in the air. In order to clarify the mechanism of the phenomenon, contractile experiments were carried out under various conditions and led to the conclusion that the contraction is essentially associated with electrically driven movement of hydrated micro- and macroions in the gel (electrokinetic process).
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pat.1990.220010104
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A review of miscibility enhancement via ion-dipole interactionsPresented in part at ACS meeting, St. Louis (April 1984) and reported in macromolecules. (1984)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 24 (1984), S. 1306-1311 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: It is shown that ion-dipole interactions induce considerable miscibility enhancement in blends of styrene ionomers with poly(alkylene oxides). Dynamic mechanical studies, in conjunction with transparency and brittleness of the samples, are used to evaluate miscibility. The effect is clearly thermodynamics in that phase separation can be induced in miscible samples by raising the temperature, with miscibility reestablished ons cooling. The miscibility enhancement in these systems is compared with that resulting from hydrogen bonding. In addition to the styrene/alkylene oxide system, ion-dipole interactions are found to be effective in enhancing the miscibility of many ionic polymer/polar polymer pairs. The ionomers used in this study were styrene lithium methacrylate and ethyl acrylate lithium acrylate copolymers, while polyethers, polysulfides, polyesters, polyimines, and substituted polyethylenses served as polar polymers.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760241707
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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