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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transfer of the catabolic plasmid RP4::Tn4371 to indigenous soil bacteria and its effect on respiration and biphenyl breakdown (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 15 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The catabolic plasmid RP4::Tn4371, containing the genes for biphenyl and 4-chlorobiphenyl catabolism, was transferred from Enterobacter agglomerans DMK3 to indigenous bacteria in biphenyl amended sandy soil, although the donor survived for only 3 days. Proliferation of transconjugants above a detectable level required presence of the concomitant pollutant biphenyl. Different Gram-negative bacterial species, tentatively identified as Pseudomonas chlororaphis, Pseudomonas corrugata and Comamonas sp., had taken up the plasmid and were able to express the biphenyl degradation genes. These genera have, until now, not been reported to express the biphenyl degradative genes. The soil had a high natural catabolic capacity for biphenyl. Notwithstanding this, out of 8 trials in which DMK3 was inoculated, 2 were found not to respond but 6 had an increased biphenyl degradation and concomitant increased oxygen consumption. The results indicate that seeding of RP4::Tn4371 generates a variety of transconjugants and holds potential for increasing the soil biodegradation capacity towards chlorinated biphenyl analogues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1994.tb00231.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolution of heavy metal resistant transconjugants in a soil environment with a concomitant selective pressure (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 14 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Conjugal transfer between Escherichia coli and Alcaligenes eutrophus of plasmid pDN705, containing genes encoding resistance against cadmium, zinc, and cobalt (czc genes) occurred in heavy metal polluted soil. The selective pressure from heavy metals (especially Zn2+) resulted in an increased number of resistant transconjugants and higher respiratory activities in sterile soil. As filter mattings showed no or even a negative effect of Zn2+ on plasmid transfer, the increase of the number of transconjugants in polluted was probably due to growth rather than stimulated transfer. High numbers of recipients inhibited extended growth of transconjugants in sterile unpolluted soil. This intranspecific competition was overcome in the presence of heavy metals. In non-sterile soil, such an effect of heavy metals was not always evident, and seemed to be related to the severity of the selective pressure and inversely to the overall biological competition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1994.tb00112.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and characterization of Veillonella sp. from methanogenic granular sludge (1993)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 39 (1993), S. 649-653 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract An anaerobic, propionate-producing, mesophilic, Gram-negative, non-spore forming, non-motile, coccoid-shaped bacterium (strain S119) was isolated from methanogenic granular sludge of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor. Based on morphology and cytological and physiological properties the isolate was assigned to the genus Veillonella. Strain S119 forms spherical monospecies biofilms (granules), 1.0–3.0 mm in diameter, when grown in continuously mixed medium with sodium lactate as the sole carbon source and powdered activated carbon as biofilm support particles. The granules attained concentrations of volatile suspended solids up to 38 mg/cm3. Veillonella sp. strain S119 has a highly hydrophobic cell surface and produces extracellular slime, which contains polysaccharide fractions. Growth characteristics and adhesion properties of the isolated microorganisms suggest its participation in the formation of granular sludge.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00205069
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mixed culture hydrogenotrophic nitrate reduction in drinking water (1992)
    Springer
    Microbial ecology 24 (1992), S. 271-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Isolation and identification of the bacteria from a hydrogenotrophic reactor for the denitrification of drinking water revealed that several microorganisms are involved. Acinetobacter sp., Aeromonas sp., Pseudomonas sp. and Shewanella putrefaciens were repeatedly isolated from the hydrogenotrophic sludge and postulated to be of primary importance in the process. Nitrate reduction to nitrite appears to be a property of a diverse group of organisms. Nitrite reduction was found to be stimulated by the presence of organic growth factors. Thus, in a mixed culture, hydrogenotrophic denitrification reactor, NO inf2 sup− formed by NO inf3 sup− -reducers can be converted by true denitrifiers thriving on organic growth factors either present in the raw water, or excreted by the microbial community. Mixotrophic growth also contributes to NO inf2 sup− reduction. Finally, chemolithotrophic bacteria participate in the nitrite to nitrogen gas conversion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00167786
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    N-dealkylation of atrazine by hydrogenotrophic fluorescent Pseudomonads (1994)
    Springer
    Water, air & soil pollution 78 (1994), S. 335-341 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2932
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Two strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens, LMG 10141 and 10140, isolated from soil, cometabolised atrazine in water under hydrogenotrophic conditions. The degradation products were deethylatrazine and deisopropylatrazine while hydroxyatrazine was not detected in cultures of LMG 10141. Labelled experiments indicated that neither the alkyl chains nor the ring structure were completely mineralised.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00483041
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phosphonate utilization by bacteria in the presence of alternative phosphorus sources (1990)
    Springer
    Biodegradation 1 (1990), S. 43-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9729
    Keywords: phosphonates ; methylphosphonate ; p-nitrophenylphosphate ; biodegradation ; chemostat cultures ; phosphorus deficiency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Batch and continuous culture experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of orthophosphate and p-nitrophenylphosphate on the utilization of various phosphonates as a P source by bacteria. Detailed tests with methylphosphonate as a model phosphonate and the phosphonate-degrading Pseudomonas paucimobilis strain MMM101a revealed that, in contrast with the majority of literature data, the phosphates did not suppress phosphonate utilization. Under conditions of P stress, strain MMM101a simultaneously took up both P-sources, with a preference for the phosphate-P. Study of the kinetic parameters for strain MMM101a, growing on the different P sources revealed similar, rather low, maximum growth rates (ca. 0.15 h-1). However, the affinity for orthophosphate (Ks: 0.17 μM), was more than two orders of magnitude higher than for methylphosphonate (Ks: 66 μM), which might account for the preferential uptake of orthophosphate. Cellular phosphorus yields in continuous cultures varied considerably with the conditions applied. The results suggest that phosphonate degradation can occur also in environments with substantial backgrounds of phosphate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00117050
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improved auto-analyzer method for the determination of phosphonates (total phosphorus) in a broad range of media (1990)
    Springer
    Biotechnology techniques 4 (1990), S. 429-434 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6784
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary An improved auto-analyzer method for the quantitative determination of phosphonate-phosphorus was developed. Its advantages are of three sorts: 1) phosphonates can be determined in a variety of media, even with high levels of organic compounds, 2) viscous bacterial broths can be analysed directly on the auto-analyzer, 3) the method has an increased sensitivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00159391
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conversion of organic acids to h2 by Rhodospirillaceae grown with glutamate or dinitrogen as nitrogen source (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 25 (1983), S. 2843-2853 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Axenic cultures of Rhodopseudomonas capsulata. Rhodospirillum rubrum, and Rhodomicrobium vannielii grown with glutamate as the nitrogen source converted lactate, acetate, and butyrate to H2 and CO2. Conversion rates ranged from 100 to 926 mL H2 Lr-1 day-1 (where Lr is the reactor contents), and efficiencies varied from 23 to 100% When grown with N2, conversion rates up to 760 mL H2 Lr-1 day-1 and efficiencies up to 100%were achieved. Upon aging, cultures appear to rapidly increase in hydrogen uptake activity and furthermore decrease in nitrogenase activity, both factors leading to a slowdown of hydrogen production. This was particularly the case for diazotrophically grown photobacteria.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260251203
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mass transfer limitation of sulfate in methanogenic aggregates (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 44 (1994), S. 387-391 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: diffusion limitation ; layer thickness ; sulfate reducing bacteria ; methanogenic bacteria ; competition ; UASB granule ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The role of mass transfer limitation of sulfate as a factor governing the competition between sulfate reducing and methane producing bacteria in methanogenic aggregates was theoretically evaluated by the calculation of steady-state sulfate microprofiles using a reference set of parameters obtained from the literature. The shooting method was used as a numerical technique for solving the mathematical model. The effect of the parameters on mass transport limitation was tested by varying each reference value of the parameters with a factor of 3. Sulfate limitation within granules prevailed at moderate (0.1 kg m-3) and low sulfate concentrations in the bulk liquid, at high maximum sulfate utilization rates (3.73 × 10-5 kg SO42- kg-1 VSS S-1 or biomass concentrations (40 KG VSS m-3), and in large aggregates (radius of 7.5 10-4 m). The effective diffusion coefficient of sulfate and the affinity constant were less determinative for the penetration depth of sulfate within a granule. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260440318
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ethene removal from a synthetic waste gas using a dry biobed (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 44 (1994), S. 642-648 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: waste gas treatment ; ethene ; volatile organic compounds ; granular activated carbon ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A packed granular activated carbon (GAC) biobed, inoculated with the ethane-degrading strain Mycobacterium E3, was used to study ethene removal from a synthetic waste gas. Ethene, for which the dimensionless partition coefficient for an air-water system at 20°C is about 7.6, was used as a model compound for poorly water soluble gaseous pollutants. In a first mode or operation, the GAC biobed was sprinkled intermittently and the waste gas influent was continuously pre-humidified, establishing relatively moist conditions (water content 〉40% to 45%). A volumetric ethene removal rate of 0.382 kg COD · m-3 · d-1 (0.112 kg ethene · m-3 · d-1) was obtained for an influent concentration of 125 ppm, a superficial waste gas velocity of 3.6E-3 m · s-1 and a pseudo residence time of 45 s. However, in the second mode of operation, omitting the pre-humidification of the waste gas influent and establishing a “dry” biobed (water content 〈40% to 45%), and thus obtaining better mass transfer to the biofilm, the ethene removal could be doubled for otherwise comparable operating parameters. Furthermore, under decreased wetting and for the given experimental conditions (influent concentration 125 to 816 ppm, waste gas superficial velocity 3.0E-3 m ·s-1, pseudo waste gas residence time 43 s), the ethene removal was not limited by mass transfer of ethene through the water layer covering the biofilm. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260440511
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