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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Autoimmunoregulation and the Importance of Opioid Peptides (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 712 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb33565.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Linewidth studies on the Kr+ 469.4 nm and 473.9 nm lines excited in a helium-krypton hollow cathode discharge (1991)
    Springer
    Applied physics 52 (1991), S. 90-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 32.70J ; 52.20H
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Collisional and Doppler linewidths (Δv C and Δv D ) of the 469.4 nm and 473.9 nm Kr ion lines were measured in a He-Kr hollow cathode discharge using Fabry-Perot technique. A linear dependence of Δv C on He pressure was found for both lines. Significant differences were found between the temperature values deduced from the Δv D -s of the two lines, and an unexpected temperature dependence of the broadening parameter for the Kr+ 469 nm line was also observed. The temperature difference between the two lines is explained by excitation of the upper level of the 469 nm line by second kind collisions between metastable He atoms and ground-state Kr ions, while the temperature dependence of the broadening parameter of the Kr+ 469 nm line is suggested to be due to the inverse process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00357661
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytochemical demonstration of cyclic 3′,5′ AMP phosphodiesterase in different tissue of migratory locust (Locusta migratoria migratorioides R.F.) (1981)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 70 (1981), S. 189-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The localization of cyclic 3′,5′-AMP phosphodiesterase was studied by ultrastructural cytochemical methods in the various tissues of Locusta migratoria. Large amounts of electron dense, granular reaction products were detectable on the surface of the corpora allata and the corpus cardiacum, bound to the basal lamina. In the protocerebral neuropile rather large amounts of reaction products were observed in the processes of the glial cells. A significant number of lead phosphate deposit was found to occur on the membrane of certain large axons, the microtubules of the axons, furthermore on the membrane of several terminals. Reaction product was also observable in certain terminals, bound to the synaptic vesicles and the mitochondria. At the same time, electron dense deposits were not detectable at all on the surface of cerebral neurons. In the case of myocardium. reaction product was only found on the basal lamina and the extracellular surface of the sarcolemma. On the basis of our results it can be stated that the cyclic 3′,5′-AMP phosphodiesterase is detectable by cytochemical methods in different tissues of Locusta migratoria and presumably it fulfils the task of the extracellular cAMP level regulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00493212
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytochemical localization of adenylate cyclase in the various tissues of Locusta migratoria (migratorioides R.F.) (1981)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 70 (1981), S. 179-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ultrastructural cytochemical procedure to demonstrate adenyl cyclase in mammalian organs was used in insects. After several modifications, an utilizable method was applied for the detection of the enzyme in the various tissues. Adenylate cyclase which can be stimulated with octopamine was localized on the membrane of the glial cells and the axolemma of certain large axons in the insect brain. Adenylate cyclase which could be activated by NaF and isoproterenol was also demonstrated in the lipid droplets of glial cells of the brain. With the simultaneous application of NaF and isoproterenol, rather strong adenylate cyclase activity could be detected on the surface of the corpora allata cells both in the cells situated on the glandular surface and the central part of the gland. In contrast in the corpus cardiacum enzyme activity was only observable on the basal lamina of the glandular surface. An appreciable amount of reaction product, indicating the presence of the enzyme, could be found on the surface of the lipid droplets in the fat body situated near the glandular tissues. In the heart muscle, reaction product referring to enzyme activation could not be demonstrated with the help of the methods applied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00493211
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A topography and ultrastructural characterization ofin vivo 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine-labeled serotonin-containing neurons in the central nervous system ofAplysia californica (1992)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular neurobiology 12 (1992), S. 317-326 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6830
    Keywords: serotonin ; neurotoxin ; 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine ; Aplysia ; electron microscopy ; pigment ; granules
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary 1. Several weeks after administration of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT) toAplysia, a dark pigmentation appears in serotonin-containing neurons, and this pigmentation allows visual identification of serotonergic neurons but does not appear to alter their physiology. 2. We have determined the distribution of labeled nerve cell bodies in the various ganglia ofAplysia and have characterized the pigment containing structures in both control and labeled neurons. 3. All neurons in this preparation, whether or not they utilize serotonin as a transmitter, contain pigment granules, and three types of pigment granules can be distinguished. After 5,7-DHT a new type of granule appears in serotonergic neurons, probably reflecting lysosomes that have accumulated serotonergic synaptic vesicles that contain the oxidized 5,7-DHT. 4. It remains unclear why this substance does not cause neurotoxicity in mollusks as it does in mammalian preparations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00734932
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distinct receptors for Leu- and Met-enkephalin on the metacerebral giant cell ofAplysia (1992)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular neurobiology 12 (1992), S. 107-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6830
    Keywords: opiates ; FMRFamide ; Aplysia neurons ; voltage clamp
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary 1. The effects ofd-Ala2-Leu-enkephalin (DALEU),d-Ala2-Met-enkephalin (DAMET), and FMRFamide on the metacerebral cell (MCC) ofAplysia were determined in current- and voltage-clamp experiments. 2. Distinct receptors exist on this neuron for the three substances. 3. DALEU elicited a depolarizing response due to an inward current but not accompanied by a significant change in membrane conductance. 4. In contrast, DAMET elicited a hyperpolarizing response due to an outward current, also not associated with a significant change in membrane conductance. 5. Both the DALEU and the DAMET responses increased with hyperpolarization, decreased with depolarization, but did not reverse at potentials less than -30 mV. Neither response was sensitive to naloxone. 6. FMRFamide induced a voltage-dependent outward current that reversed at about -76 mV. This neuron was responsive to much lower concentrations of FMRFamide than either of the enkephalins, and the response to FMRFamide appears to be a conductance increase to K+. 7. These results suggest that the MCC neuron has distinct receptors for Leuand Met-enkephalin that activate unusual responses of opposite polarity, as well as more usual inhibitory responses to FMRFamide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00713365
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of chronic exposure to cadmium- or lead-enriched environments on ionic currents of identified neurons inLymnaea stagnalis L. (1994)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular neurobiology 14 (1994), S. 769-780 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6830
    Keywords: cadmium ; lead ; voltage-activated currents ; Ca currents ; K currents ; chronic exposure ; Lymnaea stagnalis L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary 1. Voltage-activated ionic currents of three identified neurons ofLymnaea stagnalis L. were compared in control snails and in animals having been exposed to a cadmium- or lead-enriched environment for 2 weeks. We determined the presence, amplitude, and changes, if any, in the current-voltage characteristics of calcium and potassium currents in each of the three neurons from each of the three groups of animals. Finally, we have compared the effects of acute administration of Cd2+ or Pb2+ on neurons from control and chronically exposed animals. 2. Chronic exposure to cadmium resulted in a near doubling of the high voltage-activated calcium current. 3. No differences were found in the effects of acute application of Cd2+ or Pb2+ on neurons of pretreated and control animals. Cadmium was a potent blocker of the Ca current in either case, while lead caused only a 20% inhibition of the Ca current in neurons of both control and lead-exposed animals. 4. Potassium currents were affected in both Cd2+- and Pb2+-exposed animals. While the sustained outward current was not influenced noticeably, the fast K current was affected in different ways in different neurons. Some did not show this current in the controls but expressed it in neurons from the exposed animals. Other neurons showed the current in the controls and its depression in exposed animals. Acute application of cadmium did not modulate the K current, but lead enhanced the peak amplitude of the transient K current in neurons of both exposed and control snails.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02088683
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modulation of voltage-activated ion currents on identified neurons ofHelix pomatia L. by interleukin-1 (1992)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular neurobiology 12 (1992), S. 429-438 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6830
    Keywords: immunotransmitter ; cytokine ; interleukin-1 ; antiserum ; inward-outward currents ; Helix neurons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary 1. The effect of interleukin-1 (IL-1) was studied on voltage-activated ion currents of the identified central neurons ofHelix pomatia L. using a twomicroelectrode voltage clamp. The voltage-activated inward current (I Ca) was decreased, whereas the outward current (I net K) was increased by IL-1. 2. IL-1 affects both the transient and the delayed rectifying potassium currents. The IL-1 modulatory effect on the voltage-activated ion currents was voltage and dose dependent. The threshold concentration for IL-1 was 2 U/ml. 3. The proposed modulatory effect of IL-1 appears to have more than one site of action on the neuron membrane ion channels. 4. Rabbit anti-human IL-1 polyclonal antiserum eliminated the IL-1 effects on the voltage-activated inward and outward currents. This is the first report demonstrating a direct effect of IL-1 modulation of voltage-activated ion currents on neurons of mollusks.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00711543
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