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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 32 (1994), S. 993-995 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: metathesis ; regioselective polymerization ; 7-alkylnorbornenes ; ab initio MO Calculations ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 32 (1994), S. 3031-3037 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: emulsion polymerization ; butyl acrylate ; poly(n-butyl acrylate) ; Electron Paramagnetic Resonance ; spin trapping ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The propagating radical in the emulsion polymerization reaction of butyl acrylate was detected by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy using two spin-trapping agents, 2-methyl-2-nitrosopropane (MNP) and α-(4-pyridyl 1-oxide)-N-tert-butylnitrone (PyOBN). Through analysis of hyperfine structure of the spectra obtainedfrom the trapped radicals, the propagating radical is inferred to be the well known acrylate radical, — [CH2—CH(COOC4H9)]n—CH2—CH(COOC4H9)—. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer International 33 (1994), S. 335-339 
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: poly(ether sulphones) ; PES ; NMR ; CPMAS ; polymerisation ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The synthesis of poly(ether sulphone) using the ‘carbonate’ route based on the reaction of 4,4′-dihydroxydiphenylsulphone, 4,4-dichlorodiphenylsulphone and potassium carbonate dispersed in diphenylsulphone has been studied by 13C CPMAS NMR spectroscopy. In the initial reaction the half potassium salt of 4,4′-dihydroxydiphenylsulphone is formed. No evidence for a stable full salt was found at any time during the polymerisation cycle and no appreciable oligomer formation took place before the polymerisation itself took place.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Biomaterials 2 (1991), S. 241-242 
    ISSN: 1045-4861
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: It is common experience that carbon fiber braids, which are passed through osseous tunnels, are not incorporated by osteointergration. Rather, they are separated from the boy walls of the tunnels by a granulomatous-cicatrizing interface membrane. In the exceptional case, however, Bony ingrowth into the braid occurs without an intervening soft tissular layer. Bony ingrowth may be contingent on the stability of the carbon fiber braid within the osseous tunnel.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 15 (1971), S. 1181-1194 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The molecular weight distribution of a series of polyisobutylenes was determined using osmotic pressure measurements, gel permeation chromatography, and intrinsic viscosity. All of the polymers except for one, a blend of the highest and lowest molecular weight constituents, had similar moderate molecular weight distributions. The “extended chain length” method of calibrating the gel permeation chromatograph for polyisobutylenes was found to be effective. Steady state and transient shear stresses and normal stresses were measured on 5% decalin solutions of these polymers. The zero shear viscosity increased with the 3.3 power of molecular weight, and the zero shear normal stress coefficient (σ11 - σ22)/Γ2 varied with the 7.5 power. Relative elastic memory as measured by (σ11 - σ22)/σ12 or stress relaxation increased with increasing molecular weight (and at constant number- or weight-average molecular weight) with breadth of distribution. Stress overshoot also correlated with this tendency.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Gel permeation chromatographic (GPC) and thin-layer chromatographic (TLC) studies of polystyrene, polybutadienes (BR), and their copolymers (SBR) have been carried out. GPC primarily separates them on the basis of molecular size, and TLC, on the basis of composition. Methods of obtaining absolute molecular weight distributions for BR and SBR based upon variations of the Strasbourg Universal Calibration procedure are described. In particular, [η]-M relationships in both the GPC solvent (THF) and in a second solvent (toluene) were used; in addition, results of statistical mechanical calculations for \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\overline {s^2 }$\end{document} (based on the assumption of negligible steric hindrance and freely rotating bonds) were applied. An experimental comparison of these methods was carried out, and use of the [η]-M relationships for both solvents was found to give satisfactory results. The predictions of the statistical theory were too low. A detailed study of polymer-solvent-gel interaction in the GPC unit was made through investigation of ternary phase equilibrium in the (polystyrene)-THF-(polymer) system. The polymers studied included BR and SBR with varying styrene contents. Experimental techniques for TLC separations of BR, SBR, and polystyrene according to the composition are described.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 24 (1990), S. 605-620 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Variable takeoff angle x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to determine the surface composition of five polyurethane block copolymers. The high-resolution C1s spectra from all five polyurethane samples had peaks at binding energies of 285.0, 286.5, and 289.5 eV, which are consistent with the presence of hydrocarbon, ether, and urethane carbon species. Both the measured elemental compositions at the low takeoff angles (deepest sampling depths) and the calculated elemental compositions for depths 〉 15 Å generally showed good agreement with the expected bulk compositions. The outer 15 Å of the surface of all five samples was depleted in the nitrogen-containing hard segment. For the base polyurethane sample in this series, an enrichment of the poly(tetramethylene oxide) soft segment and the presence of an organic silicone impurity were detected. Doubling the chain length of both the hard and soft segments resulted in a further decrease of the hard segment concentration in the outer surface of the sample. The grafting of C2 and C18 alkyl groups onto 10 or 20% of the ure-thane linkages resulted in an increase in the percentage of aliphatic carbon species present on the surface. In the case of the C18-alkylated material, the presence of alkyl chains at the surface was inferred using contact angle measurements.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 194 (1993), S. 2907-2922 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Ring-opened metathesis polymers of 7-methylnorbornadiene (1) have been synthesized with cis main-chain double bond contents ranging from 20 to 97% using several initiators; their microstructures have been examined in detail using 13C NMR spectroscopy. The result show that polymerization from the anti-exo orientation is greatly favoured over the syn-exo mode. A nonbonded repulsion energy of 6-8 kJ · mol-1 between the syn-7-methyl group and the double bond is estimated. The microstructural features also resemble those for polymers of the anti- and syn-7-methylnorbornenes, in contrast to poly(norbornadiene) itself and to poly(norbornene), in that the splitting of a given resonance due to tacticity effects is of the same order as splittings due to neighbouring double bonds. Cis double bond contents and tacticities using different catalysts agree well with those expected from previous work with norbornadiene and several methyl-substituted norbornenes, respectively, as monomers. The previous surprising observation that there is significantly less or no discrimination between the syn- and anti-orientations in polymerizing 7-tert-butoxy- and 7-acetoxynorbornadiene is discussed and is attributed to a pseudo [3 + 2] transition state replacing the normal one for [2 + 2] metallacyclobutanation. In the [3 + 2] mode a lone pair of electrons on the oxygen acts in conjunction with the π pairs of the C=C and [Mt]=C moieties. The net effect is to lower the energy barriers for the [2 + 2] cycloaddition and the reverse step. The same explanation, rather than chelation, is also believed to be correct for the beneficial effect on the metathesis polymerization of the 7-oxa group in several substituted 7-oxanorbornenes and 7-oxanorbornadienes when compared to the corresponding 7-methylene monomers.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 175 (1974), S. 3461-3473 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Polymerisation von Äthylen unter Verwendung eines mit Magnesium reduzierten Titantrichlorid-Katalysators, zusammen mit gewöhnlichen Aluminiumalkyl-Aktivatoren, wird beschrieben. Die bereits berichtete hohe Aktivität dieses Katalysatortyps wird bestätigt. Bei 50°C und 1 Atm. (1,01325 bar) Druck wird ein Wert für die Aktivitätskonstante von 3,4.106 g dm3 (mol TiCl3)-1 h-1 erhalten. Dieser Wert ist ungefähr 102 mal höher als derjenige eines auf übliche Weise mit Aluminium reduzierten Titantrichlorids. Die Viskosotäts-Molekulargewichts-Zeit (oder Umsatz)-Beziehungen sind nicht sehr verschieden von denen, die mit den üblichen Katalysatoren erhalten werden. Die Analyse der Resultate weist darauf hin, daß ein großer Teil (z. B. 50%) der Titan-Atome im Titantrichlorid, das mit Magnesium reduziert wurde, als aktive Zentren fungieren.
    Notes: The polymerisation of ethylene using magnesium reduced titanium trichloride catalysts, together with the usual aluminium alkyl activators is described. The previously reported high activity of this type of catalyst was confirmed. At 50°C and 1 atm. (1,01325 bar) pressure a value of 3,4.106 g dm3 (mol TiCl3)-1h-1 was obtained for the activity constant, a value about 102 times larger than for a conventional aluminium reduced TiCl3. On the other hand the viscosity-molecular weight-time (or conversion) relations are not very different from those given by conventional catalysts. Analysis of the results suggests that a high proportion (e.g. 50%) of the titanium atoms in the magnesium reduced TiCl3 functions as active sites.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 195 (1994), S. 2965-2979 
    ISSN: 1022-1352
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Well defined, narrow molecular weight distribution polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) oligomers containing single, terminal, reactive end groups were synthesised by the anionic polymerisation of hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (D3). A variety of functionalities were obtained by termination with an appropriate silyl chloride end blocker, e.g. styryl, allyl, silyl chloride, silane, hexenyl etc. Certain monomeric end blockers were also synthesised where necessary. The resulting oligomers were subjected to detailed characterisation using 1H NMR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and IR spectroscopy.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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