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Audiovocal interactions during development? Vocalisation in deafened young horseshoe bats vs. audition in vocalisation-impaired bats (1990)

Rübsamen, R. ; Schäfer, M.

Springer

Journal of comparative physiology 167 (1990), S. 771-784

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ISSN: 1432-1351

Keywords: Ontogeny ; Audition ; Vocalisation ; Sensorimotor interaction ; Rhinolophus rouxi

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Medicine

Notes: Summary Horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus rouxi) were deafened in their 3rd–5th postnatal week. Subsequently their vocalisations were monitored to evaluate the impact of audition on the development of echolocation pulses. Hearing impairment affected the echolocation pulses as follows: the frequency of the constant frequency (CF) component was altered by between + 4 kHz and − 14 kHz, and the dominance of the second harmonic of the pulses was neutralised by a relative increase in intensity of the first and third harmonics. A second experiment focused on possible influences of acoustical self-stimulation with echolocation pulses on the establishment of auditory fovea representation in the inferior colliculus (IC). Frequency control of echolocation pulses was disrupted by larynx denervation. Thereafter, the bats produced multiharmonic echolocation signals (4–11 harmonics) varying in frequency. IC tonotopy, however, as monitored by stereotaxic electrophysiology, showed the same developmental dynamics as seen in control specimens (Fig. 10). Both experiments indicate that throughout postnatal development echolocation pulses are under auditory feedback control, whereas maturation of the auditory fovea and shifts in its frequency tuning represent an innate process. The significance of this postnatal development might be the adjustment of the vocal motor system of each bat to the frequency of its ‘personal’ auditory fovea.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00189767

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Ionische Kronenetherkomplexe von Zinn(II) und Zinn(IV): [Sn(15-Krone-5)] [SnCl6] und [SnCl3(18-Krone-6)]2[Sn2Cl10]; Synthesen, IR-Spektren und 119Sn-Mößbauer-Spektren (1992)

Schäfer, M. ; Dehnicke, K.

Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell

Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 615 (1992), S. 127-130

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ISSN: 0044-2313

Keywords: Ionic Crown Ether Complexes of Tin(II) and Tin(IV) ; synthesis ; IR spectra ; 119Sn-Mössbauer spectra ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology

Description / Table of Contents: Ionic Crown Ether Complexes of Tin(II) and Tin(IV): [Sn(15-Crown-5)][SnCl6] and [SnCl3(18-Crown-6)]2[Sn2Cl10]; Syntheses, IR Spectra, and 119Sn-Mössbauer Spectra[Sn(15-crown-5)][SnCl6] (1,) has been prepared by the reaction of SnCl2, SnCl4, and 15-crown-5 in the molar ratio of 1 : 1 : 1 in acetonitrile solution, forming a white insoluble crystal powder. [SnCl3(18-crown-6)]2[Sn2Cl10] (2,) as well as [SnCl3(18-crown-6)][BiCl4] · CH3CN (3,) are prepared by the reaction of SnCl4 with 18-crown-6 (molar ratio 2 : 1), and of SnCl4, 18-crown-6, and BiCl3 (molar ratio 1 : 1 : 1), respectively. According to IR-spectroscopy and 119Sn-Mössbauer-spectroscopy 1-3, have ionic structures; the cation of 1, being polymeric via a sandwich-like structure.

Notes: [Sn(15-Krone-5)] [SnCl6] (1,) entsteht als schwerlösliches weißes Kristallpulver aus SnCl2, SnCl4 und 15-Krone-5 im Molverhältnis 1 : 1 : 1 in Acetonitrillösung, während [SnCl3(18-Krone-6)]2[Sn2Cl10] (2,) aus SnCl4 und 18-Krone-6 im Molverhältnis 2 : 1 und [SnCl3(18-Krone-6)] [BiCl4] · CH3CN (3,) aus SnCl4, 18-Krone-6 und BiCl3 im Molverhältnis 1 : 1 : 1 gebildet werden. Aus den IR- und den 119Sn-Mößbauer-Spektren wird auf ionische Strukturen geschlossen; das Kation von 1, besitzt eine polymere Struktur, in der das Sn2+ -Ion über (15-Krone-5)-Moleküle sandwichartig gestapelt ist.

Additional Material: 3 Ill.