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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endothelial cells and the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis in humans and streptococcal cell wall arthritis in Lewis rats (1991)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 45 (1991), S. 162-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: neuroendocrine ; cytokines ; adhesion ; transin ; stromelysin ; collagenase ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Endothelial cells play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory arthritis in humans such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), as well as experimental animal models such as streptococcal cell wall (SCW) arthritis in Lewis (LEW/N) rats. This review summarizes data in support of this concept. The earliest apparent abnormalities in synovial tissues of patients with RA and Lewis rats with SCW arthritis appear to reflect microvascular endothelial cell activation or injury. At the molecular level, the abnormalities include enhanced expression by endothelial cells of activation markers such as class II major histocompatibility complex antigens, phosphotyrosine, leukocyte adhesion molecules, oncoproteins such as c-Fos and c-Myc, and metalloproteinases such as collagenase and transin/stromelysin. The development of severe, chronic, destructive arthritis is dependent upon thymic-derived lymphocytes and is accompanied by tumorlike proliferation of cells in the synovial connective tissue stroma (blood vessels and fibroblastlike cells), which results in resorptive destruction of bone and cartilage. Multiple criteria support the analogy to a neoplastic process. Paracrine and autocrine factors such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), and heparin-binding fibroblast growth factors (HBGF, FGF) appear to play important roles in the generation of these lesions. Finally, in addition to the autocrine and paracrine regulatory factors, neuroendocrine factors, particularly the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, appear to be involved in the counterregulation of the inflammatory process. The counterregulatory effects are mediated, in part, by inhibition of endothelial cell activation by corticosteroids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240450207
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparative ultrastructural analysis of the third cerebral ventricle of the North American mink (Mustela vison)Supported by U.S.P.H.S. grant NS 08171. (1973)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 175 (1973), S. 155-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The third ventricular walls and floor of male and female mink (Mustela vison) were analyzed with comparative light microscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Distinct regional fine structural variations were noted in the appearance of the dorsal, middle third and lower portions of the ventricular wall and floor. These variations were characterized by an abrupt decrease in the density of ciliated ependymal surfaces in the middle one-third of the ventricular wall. The ventral walls and floor of the lateral and infundibular recesses displayed smoother contours with numerous bleb-like protrusions and blunt villiform processes. Occasionally multipolar neuron-like cells were observed to lie upon the floor of the infundibular recess. Speculation is raised relative to the differing functional capacities of these various ventricular areas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091750204
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of pericytes in early stages of histamine-induced inflammation (1990)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 206 (1990), S. 333-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Physiological and ultrastructural assessment of changes in the walls of venules in the rat cremaster muscle after administration of histamine indicates that pericytes have essential roles in the normal functioning of venules during inflammation. Fluorescein-labelled albumin was used to quantitate macromolecular leakage and to select suitable venules for ultrastructural analysis 4 and 7 minutes after addition of histamine. Pericytes were concentrated over endothelial cell junctions and gaps. At 4 minutes, when albumin leakage was becoming detectable, gaps between endothelial cells were observed in the venule wall. In 24 serially sectioned gaps, pericytes formed covers, with contact points to the endothelial cells along the sides of the gaps. At 7 minutes, when albumin leakage was maximal, gaps with pericyte covers were still evident, but more commonly observed were pericyte covers over closed endothelial cell junctions. Spaces between the innermost pericytes and endothelial cells were enlarged by an order of magnitude, from 95 nm in controls to 872 nm at 4 minutes and 958 nm at 7 minutes. Pericytes formed coverings or bridges over inclusions of extravasated cells, fluid, proteins, and the vascular label monastral blue. The data indicate that pericytes protect the endothelial lining of venules during histamine-induced inflammation by forming a cohesive covering across gaps.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052060310
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ejaculate-hormonal traits in the leopard cat (Felis bengalensis) and sperm function as measured by in vitro penetration of zona-free hamster ova and zona-intact domestic cat oocytes (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 26 (1990), S. 163-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: FSH ; LH ; Testosterone ; Sperm morphology ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Electroejaculate traits and circulating follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone concentrations were analyzed in adult leopard cats (Felis bengalensis), a rare felid species indigenous to east Asia. The ability of leopard cat sperm to bind and penetrate zona-free hamster ova and zonaintact domestic cat oocytes in vitro was examined as a means of testing sperm function. The influence of culture media [Biggers, Whitten, Whittingham (BWW) vs. modified Krebs Ringer bicarbonate (mKRB)], seminal plasma removal, and swim-up separation on sperm motility, sperm morphology, and oocyte penetration also were assessed. Sperm treatments included dilution of raw semen (DR), ejaculate centrifugation, and either resuspension (NS) or swim-up processing (SU). The percentage of oocytes penetrated (penetration rate) and the number of penetrated sperm/oocyte (penetration index) were determined. Ejaculates from each male consisted of at least a 50% sperm motility rating, and hormone concentrations in individual males were unrelated to any ejaculate trait measured concurrently on the same day. The SU technique improved (P 〈 0.05) percent sperm motility and the proportion of structurally normal sperm compared to DR and NS treatments. Leopard cat spermatozoa were capable of binding to and penetrating hamster ova and domestic cat oocytes; however, penetration was influenced by culture medium and seminal processing. In the hamster assay, a higher (P 〈 0.05) penetration rate and penetration index were achieved when mKRB was used for gamete incubation instead of BWW. NS processing also increased (P 〈 0.05) overall penetration compared to DR and SU. In the cat oocyte assay, zona penetration rate was similar (P 〈 0.05) in the DR, NS, and SU aliquots; however, the zona penetration index was increased (P 〈 0.05) by the NS compared to the DR and SU treatments. This study (1) provides baseline ejaculate and endocrine norms for the leopard cat, (2) demonstrates that leopard cat sperm undergo nuclear decondensation in hamster ova and penetrate zona-intact domestic cat oocytes, (3) indicates that seminal plasma removal enhances leopard cat sperm fertilizing ability and ovam penetration, and (4) suggests that heterologous oocyte penetration is effective for assessing factors influencing fertilization and sperm function in this nondomestic felid.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080260211
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cross-linking a maturation-dependent ram sperm plasma membrane antigen induces the acrosome reaction (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 29 (1991), S. 200-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Fertilization ; Proteolipid ; Exocytosis ; Capping ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: ESA152 is a highly hydrophobic 18 kDa sialoglycoprotein, which becomes expressed on ram sperm in the proximal cauda epididymis. ESA 152 is expressed on all regions of the sperm surface, most strongly on the posterior region of the head, most weakly on the anterior region of the head. In this paper, we show that induction of the acrosome reaction with Ca2+ ionophore causes ESA152 to be redistributed from the posterior to the anterior region of the head plasma membrane. Cross-linking ESA152 with bivalent antibody causes similar redistribution and induces the acrosome reaction, Induction of the acrosome reaction with ESA152 antibody requires Ca2+ but is insensitive to (10 ng/ml) pertussis toxin.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080290216
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellular invasion and collagen type IX in the primary corneal stroma in vitro (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Dynamics 201 (1994), S. 206-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1058-8388
    Keywords: Type IX collagen ; Mesenchymal cell migration ; Corneal stroma ; TIMP ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: During different stages in the development of the avian cornea, various collagen types have been shown to participate in matrix formation and have been implicated in morphogenesis. One of these is the fibril-associated collagen type IX. This molecule is present when the primary corneal stroma is in a compact state, but rapidly disappears just prior to stromal swelling and its invasion by mesenchymal cells. The temporospatial pattern of the disappearance of type IX collagen in the developing cornea suggests that this molecule may be involved in stabilizing the primary corneal stromal matrix by interacting either with other type IX collagen molecules or with other matrix components. To explore further whether the removal of type IX collagen is involved in stromal swelling, we have employed an in vitro culture system in which swelling of the primary stroma and mesenchymal cell invasion can be experimentally manipulated by culturing chick corneal explants on a Nuclepore filter support in the presence or absence of an associated lens. We have also examined the effect of exogenously added human recombinant tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP-1) on the presence of type IX collagen and cellular invasion. When stage 25 - 26+ corneal explants were cultured with an associated lens, the primary stroma did not swell; immunohistochemically detectable type IX collagen was still present, and mesenchymal cell invasion failed to occur. Conversely, when the same stages of corneal explants were cultured without an associated lens, the primary stroma swelled; type IX collagen disappeared, and mesenchymal cell migration occurred. Under both conditions, however, the type II collagen of the stroma, which is known to be a component of the striated fibrils, remained clearly detectable and with time even seemed to increase in amount. This result is consistent with the proposition that type IX collagen is one factor involved in maintaining the primary stroma as a compact matrix, possibly by functioning as a bridging/stabilizing factor. When TIMP was added to cultures of corneal explants, type IX collagen remained detectable in focal regions, suggesting that one or more metalloproteinases are involved in the removal of the type IX collagen. In addition, some of these type IX-containing regions contained mesenchymal cells, suggesting that in addition to type IX collagen other factors are likely to be involved in regulating mesenchymal cell migration. © 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1002010304
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemical characterization and epididymal localization of the maturation-dependent ram sperm surface antigen ESA152 (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 35 (1993), S. 293-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Plasma membrane ; Proteolipid ; Epididymis ; Spermatozoa (ram) ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: We examine here the biochemical properties and epididymal localization of a maturation dependent ram sperm surface antigen. A monoclonal antibody, ESA152, identifies an antigen that is present on the surface of ejaculated sperm, but is absent from testicular sperm. Crosslinking of the ESA152 antigen with bivalent antibodies induces the acrosome reaction, redistributing the antigen into the anterior region of the sperm head where it associates with the fusion product of the plasma membrane and the outer acrosomal membrane. The ESA152 antigen appears as a polypeptide of 18 kDa on immunoblots of SDS-polyacrylamide gels. The ESA152 epitope includes the sialic acid termini of N-linked oligosaccharides, as shown by its sensitivity to neuraminidase and endoglycosidase F. The ESA152 antigen is a highly hydrophobic integral membrane protein that resists aqueous extraction, partitions into the detergent phase of Triton-X-114, and solubilizes in chloroform-methanol mixtures. The anchoring of ESA152 is unaffected by phosphtidylinositol specific phospholipase C. The antigen is absent from extracts of caput and corpus epididymidis but appears abruptly in the first segment of the cauda. Immunofluorescence reveals that the ESA152 epitope first appears in clusters of cells in the luminal epithelium of the proximal cauda, prior to or concurrent with its appearance on sperm. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080350312
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Limitations of monastral blue as a vascular label: Rapid rate of clearance is age-dependent, and interactions with anesthetics depress arterial blood pressure in rats (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 23 (1992), S. 219-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: Inflammation ; Venule ; Evans blue ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Monastral blue (MB) has been described as an inexpensive, nontoxic vascular label. Discrepancies as to its rate of removal from circulation and physiological side effects prompted this study in which retention time of MB in the vascular system and effects of MB upon arterial blood pressure with different anesthetics (halothane, isoflurane, and pentobarbital) were measured in rats. Arterial pressure was monitored during intravenous infusion of MB with or without Evans blue, an albumin label. Localized areas of leakage were created by injecting 30 μL of 10-4 M histamine into abdominal dermis at -2, 0, 5, 7, 10, and 15 minutes from infusion of MB. Mean arterial pressure decreased by 25-30% after MB infusion when halothane or isoflurane was used, but not with pentobarbital. Sites which leaked at 10 and 15 minutes did not usefully label with MB, although Evans blue-labelled albumin appeared in the interstitium. Younger, lighter rats (125-200 vs. 200-250 gm) retained MB longer in circulation, and had a shorter duration of MB-induced hypotension. Spectrophotometric analysis of rat serum showed rapid elimination of MB from the vascular system, with a half-life of 3.5 ± 1.9 minutes. While MB remains a useful vascular label, its rapid removal from the circulation and its hypotensive effect must be recognized. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070230304
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure and function of the median eminenceThis research was supported by USPHS grant NB 08171 and AM 10002. (1970)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 129 (1970), S. 223-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001290211
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scanning electron microscopy of the lateral ventricles of sheepSupported by USPHS Grant NS-08171. (1972)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 135 (1972), S. 561-566 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The lateral ventricles and choroid plexuses of an adult and near-term sheep fetus were examined with scanning electron microscopy. The predominant surface structure of the ependymal cells were cilia arranged in clumps with evidence of metachronic activity. Topographical variations of the ependymal surface are described and discussed according to their role in transport of cerebrospinal fluid and their relation to underlying nervous tissue.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001350409
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