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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An improved ionized-impurity scattering model for Monte Carlo simulations (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 1475-1482 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An improved Monte Carlo model for ionized-impurity scattering is developed and used to calculate majority- and minority-electron mobilities in silicon. The model includes scattering cross sections derived from phase-shift analysis, implementation of the Friedel sum rule, and a simple phenomenological model for multiple-potential scattering. This model provides a very good fit to experiment using a single adjustable parameter. Electron mobilities in n- and p-type Si are calculated and fit to experimental data at 300 and 77 K. Experimental results for Si of μn(NA)/μn(ND) ≈ 2 at 300 K are reproduced and a value of 3 〈 μn(NA)/μn(ND) 〈 4 is predicted at 77 K.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.349560
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monte Carlo calculation of strained and unstrained electron mobilities in Si1−xGex using an improved ionized-impurity model (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 1483-1488 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An improved Monte Carlo (MC) model for ionized impurity scattering developed in a previous work [L. E. Kay and T.-W. Tang, J. Appl. Phys. 70 1475 (1991)] is used to perform a comprehensive study of majority- and minority-electron mobilities in the Si1−xGex material system for both strained and unstrained cases. This investigation includes calculation of low-field mobilities for wide ranges of doping and Ge mole fraction at both 300 and 77 K as well as high-field studies. A significant improvement in mobility (up to 50%) is observed for transport perpendicular to the growth plane in strained Si1−xGex as compared to the unstrained case. The magnitude of the improvement is dependent on doping (both concentration and type) and germanium content, and is somewhat larger at 77 K. High-field MC simulations show that some strained-mobility enhancement remains even at an electric field of 100 kV/cm. These studies also suggest there is a temperature-dependent Ge content for which mobility is maximized at higher dopings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.349561
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of Opioid Receptors in Cultured Neurons (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 55 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The appearance of μ-, δ-, and k-opioid receptors was examined in primary cultures of embryonic rat brain. Membranes prepared from striatal, hippocampal, and hypothalamic neurons grown in dissociated cell culture each exhibited high-affinity opioid binding sites as determined by equilibrium binding of the universal opioid ligand (-)-[3H]bremazocine. The highest density of binding sites (per mg of protein) was found in membranes prepared from cultured striatal neurons (Bmax= 210 ± 40 fmol/mg protein); this density is approximately two-thirds that of adult striatal membranes. By contrast, membranes of cultured cerebellar neurons and cultured astrocytes were devoid of opioid binding sites. The opioid receptor types expressed in cultured striatal neurons were characterized by equilibrium binding of highly selective radioligands. Scatchard analysis of binding of the μ-specific ligand [3H]D-Ala2,N-Me-Phe4,Gly-ol5-enkephalin to embryonic striatal cell membranes revealed an apparent single class of sites with an affinity (KD) of 0.4 ± 0.1 nM and a density (Bmax) of 160 ± 20 fmol/mg of protein. Specific binding of (-)-[3H]bremazocine under conditions in which μ- and δ-receptor binding was suppressed (k-receptor labeling conditions) occurred to an apparent single class of sites (KD= 2 ± 1 nM;Bmax= 40 ± 15 fmol/mg of protein). There was no detectable binding of the selective δ-ligand [3H]D-Pen2,d-Pen5-enkephalin. Thus, cultured striatal neurons expressed μ- and k-receptor sites at densities comparable to those found in vivo for embryonic rat brain, but not δ-receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb04179.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    AUA-Cleaving Hammerhead Ribozymes: Attempted Selection for Improved Cleavage (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 33 (1994), S. 1271-1277 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00171a030
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A density functional study of sulfoxy anions containing sulfur-sulfur bonds (1993)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 115 (1993), S. 10981-10987 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00076a065
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Parameters affecting the binding of volatile flavor compounds in model food systems. I. Proteins (1974)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 22 (1974), S. 675-678 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf60194a040
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A structural study of sodium dithionite and its ephemeral dihydrate: A new conformation for the dithionite ion (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 22 (1992), S. 291-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Raman spectroscopy on solid anhydrous sodium dithionite reveals that it exists in at least two forms in the solid state. MAS23Na NMR spectra and X-ray powder diffraction patterns of the solids indicate that sodium ions are in different environments in each form of the material. The results suggest that the dithionite anion is conformationally different in each lattice. A single crystal X-ray diffraction study of the recrystallized form of anhydrous sodium dithionite reveals an anion with C2 geometry and a 16° O-S-S-O torsional angle; nearly eclipsed. (Crystal Data for recrystallized Na2S2O4 area=6.539(1) Å,b=6.552(1) Å,c=6.578(1) Å,V=240.0(1) Å3,β=121.61(1)°, space group=P2/c,Z=2). Raman spectra of sodium dithionite dihydrate reveal that the dithionite ion is in a different conformation than in either of the anhydrous materials. A single crystal X-ray diffraction study of Na2S2O4·2H2O reveals a dithionite anion with a substantially shorter S-S bond length than in the anhydrous structure and an O-S-S-O torsional angle of 56°; approximately gauche. (Crystal Data for Na2S2O4·2H2O area=8.134(1) Å,b=5.756(2) Å,c=14.528(5) Å,V=653.3(3) Å3,β=106.20(2)°, space group=P21/n,Z=4). The structure of the dithionite anion is found to depend critically upon the nature of its external environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01199531
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the Kobayashi-Royden metric for ellipsoids (1991)
    Springer
    Mathematische Annalen 289 (1991), S. 55-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1807
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01446557
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improving the process of education: Total quality management for the college classroom (1993)
    Springer
    Innovative higher education 18 (1993), S. 65-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1758
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Education
    Notes: Abstract This article's purpose is to improve the effectiveness of classroom teaching by proposing a specific program for continuous improvement toward instructional excellence. Total quality management (TQM) is a systematic approach which utilizes four main elements: quality defined by the customer, top leadership responsibility for quality improvement, increased quality through systematic analysis of work processes, and quality improvement by continuous effort conducted throughout the organization. A strategy for continuous classroom improvement is developed through an examination of various definitions of quality and a comparative analysis of dimensions of quality, service quality, and effective teaching which aims to inspire and give direction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01742198
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recreation on public lands in New Zealand — past, present and future (1993)
    Springer
    GeoJournal 29 (1993), S. 299-305 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9893
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography
    Notes: Abstract Since the turn of the century, recreation has grown as a motivating force in public land administration. Today, the Department of Conservation manages approximately one third of New Zealand's outdoor recreation resources and has the mandate “to foster the use of natural and historic resources for recreation, and to allow their use for tourism” (Conservation Act 1987:8). This paper traces the emergence of a recreation perspective within public land administration and examines the development of a recreation philosophy and policy within the Department of Conservation. It suggests future directions for outdoor recreation management in New Zealand.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00807049
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