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  • 1990-1994  (4)
  • 1960-1964  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 59 (1991), S. 2284-2286 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Electron-beam (EB) dry etching for Si and GaAs has been studied by utilizing showered electron-beam assisted etching in the presence of Cl2 gas. Anisotropic etching has been demonstrated for both Si and GaAs EB dry etching. Si and GaAs patterns with 0.6 and 0.3 μm linewidths have been obtained at a dose of 2×10−2 C/cm2 and 1×10−3 C/cm2. It was confirmed, through measuring photoluminescence, that damage induced by EB dry etching is nearly the same as that caused by gas etching and less than damage induced by reactive ion-beam etching and ion-beam etching.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 47 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A case of pituitary apoplexy, which presented with hyperaesthesia in the distribution of the ophthalmic division of the left trigeminal nerve and a left sixth nerve palsy following cholecystectomy, is reported. Computed tomography and magnetic-resonance imaging revealed a large intrasellar mass which extended laterally into the left cavernous sinus and showed evidence of old and recent haemorrhage within the tumour. This case demonstrates that patients who present with unusual neurological symptoms involving the cranial nerves after general anaesthesia, should undergo neurological and radiological investigations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 65 (1963), S. 425-433 
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Glucosamine and GAL inhibited the anaerobic glycolysis of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells by 45% and 35% respectively, but NGA and NGAL showed no effect. GA and GAL were phosphorylated less by yeast-hexokinase than was glucose. The phosphorylation of glucose was inhibited about 28% by GA and about 20% by GAL. The endogenous respiration of the cells of Ehrlich ascites tumor and of ascites hepatoma (AH-130) was inhibited by GA to about the same degree as by glucose (about 45%). The Crabtree effect of glucose control was increased by GA; in contrast, it was somewhat decreased by GAL. The respiratory inhibiting effect of glucose and GA were changed little with IAA or KF. The inhibiting effect of GA was almost completely abolished by DNP; that of glucose only in the first 30 min. The activity of glutaminase-I of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells was 4–5 times greater than that of the liver of tumor-bearing or healthy mice. The enzymatic activity was inhibited by glucose about 45%, by GA about 35%, by GAL about 10%, and by glutaminic acid completely. When the tumor cells were incubated with GA, NH3 was liberated in large amounts, probably as the result of enzymatic deamination. The mice with Ehrlich ascites tumors survived longer after intraperitoneal injection of GA than control animals.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die anaerobe Glykolyse bei Ehrlich-Ascitestumorzellen wurde durch GA und GAL (10−2 M) um etwa 45% bzw. 35% gehemmt. N-Acetyl-d-Glucosamin und NGAL-Zusatz hatte keine Wirkung. Durch Hefehexokinase wurden GA und GAL in einem geringeren Ausmaß phosphoriliert als Glucose. Die Phosphorilierung der Glucose wurde durch GA um 28%, durch GAL um 20% gehemmt. Die endogene Atmung von Tumorzellen des Ehrlich-Ascitestumors und des Asciteshepatoms (AH-130) wurde durch GA in etwa dem gleichen Ausmaß wie durch Glucose (um etwa 45%) gehemmt. Der Crabtree-Effekt wurde durch GA verstärkt, durch GAL dagegen etwas abgeschwächt. Die atmungshemmende Wirkung von Glucose und GA wurde durch IAA bzw. KF nur wenig verändert. Die hemmende Wirkung von GA wurde durch DNP fast völlig aufgehoben, die der Glucose nur in den ersten 30 min. Die Glutaminase-I Aktivität bei Ehrlich-Ascitestumorzellen war vier- bis fünfmal höher als in der Leber von krebstragenden und gesunden Mäusen. Die Fermentaktivität wurde durch Glucose um 45%, durch GA um 35%, durch GAL um 10% und durch Glutaminsäure fast völlig gehemmt. Bei Inkubation der Tumorzellen mit GA eine größere Menge Ammoniak freigesetzt. Die Überlebenszeit von Ehrlich-Ascitestumor tragenden Mäusen wurde durch eine intraperitoneale Behandlung der Tiere mit GA verlängert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Gastric cancer ; Alpha-catenin ; Immunohistochemistry ; E-cadherin ; Cancer invasion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract E-cadherin (E-cad) plays a major role in the maintenance of cell-cell adhesion in epithelial tissues, and impaired E-cad expression correlates with tumour invasion and metastasis. Alpha-catenin (α-cat), an undercoat protein of adherens junctions, binds to the cytoplasmic domain of E-cad and is essential for linking E-cad to actin-based cytoskeleton. We investigated E-cad and α-cat expression in 60 human gastric cancers immunohistochemically. The 60 gastric cancers were classified into 18 (30%) in which α-cat expression was preserved, and 42 (70%) reduced cases. The reduction of α-cat expression was significantly related to dedifferentiation, depth of invasion, infiltrative growth and lymph node metastasis. We also examined the co-expression of α-cat and E-cad. Seventeen (28%) tumours preserved both molecules [α-cat(+)/E-cad(+)] and 33 (55%) tumours reduced both [α-cat(−)/E-cad(−)], whereas 9 (15%) tumours exhibited α-cat(−)/E-cad(+). The frequency of lymph node metastasis in α-cat(−)/E-cad(+) tumour (67%) was significantly higher than that in α-cat(+)/E-cad(+) tumours (24%) and was close to that in α-cat(−)/E-cad(−) tumours (82%). The frequency of haematogenous liver metastasis in α-cat(−)/E-cad(+) tumours (44%) was significantly higher than that in α-cat(+)/E-cad(+) tumours (6%) or α-cat(−)/E-cad(−) tumours (9%). Thus, in all E-cad(+) tumours, the frequency of lymph node and liver metastasis was higher in α-cat(−) tumours than in α-cat(+) tumours. α-Cat expression is apparently better at predicting tumour invasion and metastasis than E-cad expression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Annual variation in the growth rate of the protobranch bivalve Yoldia notabilis (collected in Otsuchi Bay, northeastern Japan between 1989 and 1991) was determined by measuring shell length at successive growth lines. Factors affecting growth rates were assessed by examining long-term environmental data. Shell cross-sections of Y. notabilis showed a clear pattern of internal growth lines which formed simultaneously with the annual external lines on the outer shell surface. Hence, they were used as an age marker. A maximum lifespan of 17 yr was determined for this species, and a sigmoidal growth curve was obtained by the internal growth line analysis. Examination of the growth lines also revealed a large annual variation in growth rate, fluctuating as much as 32-fold during the past 9 yr. The variation correlated negatively with water temperature and positively with chlorophyll a content in the water column. It is suggested that the variation in annual growth rate is dependent on food supply during the spring phytoplankton bloom which varies from year to year according to the flow of the cold Oyashio current each spring.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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