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  • 1990-1994  (13)
  • 1925-1929
  • 1900-1904
  • 1880-1889
  • Chemical Engineering  (9)
  • mental retardation  (4)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of behavioral education 3 (1993), S. 299-315 
    ISSN: 1573-3513
    Keywords: simultaneous prompting ; near-errorless learning ; response prompting ; mental retardation ; chained task instruction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Education , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Simultaneous prompting, a type of antecedent prompt and test procedure, was used to teach the chained task of making juice from a frozen concentrate using a pictorial recipe to four elementary-aged students with moderate intellectual disabilities. Using a multiple probe design, all students acquired the task and maintained the behavior with at least 85% accuracy up to 60 days after training was terminated. In addition, students generalized the skill across settings and materials. The students' ability to expressively identify the words shown on the recipe cards was tested prior to and after training. Although not directly trained, three of the four students increased their ability to read the words.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of behavioral education 4 (1994), S. 93-105 
    ISSN: 1573-3513
    Keywords: mental retardation ; autism ; facilitated communication ; behavioral assessment ; telepathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Education , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Facilitated communication (FC), or the provision of graduated assistance by staff in the selection of keys on a communication device by people with developmental disabilities, has become a widely used training technique. Although widespread anecdotal accounts of substantial training benefits and unanticipated communicative competence have been reported, controlled experimental and single subject studies have disclosed little evidence of unexpected competencies. We review research on FC, identify cognitive factors that may stimulate acceptance of this as a training method, and suggest procedures to be employed in individual validation situations when critical communications occur.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 34 (1994), S. 260-265 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Penrose states that quantum effects can occur even in relatively large systems when energy differences remain small. This is just the situation with polymer materials. A quantum description by Penrose of the formation of quasi-crystals can be rewritten to apply to polymer crystallization. The implications of the need to take account of quantum effects are discussed. Another approach based on the quantization of energy levels in clusters of atoms offers a possible explanation of heat setting in nylon and polyester fibers. Finally some problems of the interpretation of quantum theory are discussed.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 34 (1994), S. 500-506 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Material property models for poly(etheretherketone) (PEEK) have been combined with a residual stress model to provide a means for investigating the effect of crystallization process on the residual stress development in semicrystalline materials. The analysis shows that crystallization causes an increase in the residual stress levels. This increase is affected through an increase in the resin modulus values and through the resin modulus build-up at higher temperatures. The shrinkage due to crystallization was found to have no effect on the residual stress development in neat PEEK.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-3513
    Keywords: instructional methodology ; mental retardation ; sight words ; time delay ; simultaneous prompting
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Education , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract Simultaneous prompting (a type of antecedent prompt and test procedure) and constant time delay were compared with four students with moderate mental retardation learning expressive sight words. A parallel treatments design across word sets and replicated across students was used. For acquisition, the simultaneous prompting procedures required fewer trials, sessions, and training time to criterion and resulted in fewer student errors during daily probe and training sessions. However, maintenance data indicated mixed results across the two procedures. Reliability data (both dependent and independent variables) revealed no differences between the two procedures in terms of the teacher's accuracy in recording student responses and implementing each procedure. Future research issues are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of developmental and physical disabilities 4 (1992), S. 99-113 
    ISSN: 1573-3580
    Keywords: behavior modification ; mental retardation ; aging ; behavior disorders ; timeout ; aggression ; self-injury
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Controversy about the use of restrictive behavioral procedures persists within the field of developmental disabilities. Many advocates and proponents of the use of exclusively nonrestrictive behavioral procedures have argued that restrictive procedures pose unacceptably high risks of adverse side effects and harm to the people who are treated with them. Yet, little is known about the extent to which procedures like timeout, manual restraint, and overcorrection are actually used in the treatment of people with developmental disabilities who manifest severe behavior disorders. In this article, data gathered on a national sample of people with developmental disabilities age 45 years and older are reviewed to ascertain the extent to which several restrictive procedures are being used in treatment. Findings indicate that these procedures are not being used in an indiscriminate manner.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 31 (1991), S. 1257-1263 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A micromechanics theory is outlined for predicting the elastic and thermoelastic properties of dispersed, short fiber systems. This micromechanics theory is then applied to the prediction of macroscopic thermal residual stresses in a poly(etheretherketone). (PEEK)-glass. Fiber system, in an effort to determine the influence of crystallinity on residual stress development.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 32 (1992), S. 620-631 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A study to investigate fusion bonding (welding) of AS4 graphite/polyetheretherketone (PEEK) thermoplastic composites is presented. Processing studies are conducted for resistance welding preconsolidated AS4/PEEK laminates in both unidirectional and quasi-isotropic configurations using PEEK and polyetherimide (PEI) film at the joint interface. All bonding was done under a constant displacement process. The influence of processing time, initially applied consolidation pressure, and the rate of heat generation on weld performance is examined through lap shear and Mode I interlaminar fracture toughness testing. A rapid increase in strength with processing time that asymptotically approaches the compression molded baseline is measured. Weld times for quasi-isotropic lap shear coupons are significantly shorter than those with a unidirectional lay-up. Variation of the initially applied consolidation pressure is shown to have little influence on the lap shear strength of PEEK film welded lap joints. A discussion of the mechanisms allowing void formation during the welding process is given. Bond strength test results are correlated with ultrasonic C-scans of the weld regions.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 33 (1993), S. 1627-1633 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The causes of void content and its resulting effect on the material properties of structural reaction injection molded (SRIM) composites were investigated. Plaques were molded under different combinations of five two-level factors, and the resulting effect of each factor on void content was determined. The geometry of the glass reinforcement had the largest effect, as woven mats caused double the void content of random mats. Evacuating the mold cavity proved to greatly reduce void content as well. Varying the injection rate and shot size had little effect. Material property testing was conducted on groups of specimens with similar void content. Tension testing revealed no decrease in strength with increasing void content. One million cycles of tension-tension fatigue at 20% of the ultimate strength caused no decrease in strength at any void content, while fatigue at 30% caused premature failure. Impact testing showed that only very high void contents had a substantial effect on performance. Environmental conditioning showed moisture absorption proportional to void content and furthermore significantly reduced the residual tensile strength after a single thermal cycle to 0°C. These results suggest that void content in conjunction with a weak interface may have been responsible for limiting material properties.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 32 (1992), S. 357-369 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: For joining and repair of continuous fiber thermoplastic composites, induction heating has been viewed a strong candidate. Induction heating employs an applied alternating magnetic field, which induces a rotational emf in a grid of conductive carbon fibers, which are then used to carry resulting currents. In continuous carbon fiber crossply composites the available paths for “eddy current” loops are along the network of conductive carbon fibers. For this to occur, an electrical transfer must take place between crossing fibers in adjacent plies. Tests involving variable thicknesses of interply neat film layers have been performed to provide insight into the mechanisms taking place. These tests indicate that the primary mechanism for heating in such laminates is dielectric losses in the polymeric region between fibers in adjacent planes that form the conductive loop. Therefore, heating is not uniform in such composites despite a uniform magnetic flux. Heating patterns were viewed using liquid crystal materials and E-type thermocouples. Several factors leading to nonhomogeneous thermal distributions have been considered, including current density effects, internal emf cancellation, and rotational field effects. Global and local considerations are addressed, a localized model is proposed, and the corresponding theory is developed qualifying the early results. Additional testing has supported the theory.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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