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  • 1990-1994  (2)
  • 07.20.Dt  (1)
  • 3-Phenoxybenzoic acid  (1)
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  • 1990-1994  (2)
Year
Keywords
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature measurement using degenerate four-wave mixing with non-saturating laser powers (1994)
    Springer
    Applied physics 58 (1994), S. 459-466 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 82.40.Py ; 07.20.Dt ; 07.65.-b ; 33.20.Lg
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report the use of Degenerate Four-Wave Mixing (DFWM) in the OHA 2 Σ + ←X 2 ∏ (υ′ = 0 ←υ″ = 0) band for temperature determination in a propane/air flame using laser powers below the saturation level. We show that at these low power levels the dependence of the signal on the dipole moment for the transition has to be established before meaningful temperature data can be obtained. This presents a paradox in that the temperature has to be known before the form of the dependence on the dipole moment can be determined. Solutions to this paradox are presented. We also show that absorption of the laser beams in this OH band system cannot be neglected and that failure to correctly account for the absorption leads to a large over estimate of the flame temperature. Furthermore, we show that the accuracy of the absorption-corrected temperature is critically dependent on the accuracy with which the measurement position within the flame is known. Finally, the temperature calculated from DFWM spectra using the correct dipole moment power and absorption is compared to the temperatures obtained using Laser-Induced Fluorescence (LIF) and Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Spectroscopy (CARS).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01081076
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformation of synthetic pyrethroid insecticides by a thermophilic Bacillus sp (1992)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 158 (1992), S. 282-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Bacillus stearothermophilus ; Pyrethroid insecticides ; 3-Phenoxybenzoic acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Employing a mineral salts medium containing Tween 80 as the primary carbon source, a strain of Bacillus stearothermophilus was isolated which was able to hydrolyse selected second and third-generation pyrethroids to non-insecticidal products. Of a range of pyrethroid insecticides the trans-isomer of permethrin was the most readily transformed by this microbial isolate, whilst flumethrin was the least. 3-Phenoxybenzoic acid and the respective halovinyl or haloacid moieties were detected as the major hydrolytic products of the pyrethroids. It is believed that 3-phenoxybenzoic acid was formed from 3-phenoxybenzyl alcohol which was not however detected as an intermediate in these systems. 3-Phenoxybenzoic acid was further transformed to 4-hydroxy-3-phenoxybenzoic acid. A potential metabolic pathway has been described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00245246
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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