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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of auxin type and concentration on pecan (Carya illinoinensis) somatic embryo morphology and subsequent conversion into plants (1994)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 13 (1994), S. 607-611 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Embryogenic cultures were initiated from immature pecan zygotic embryos. Explants were induced for one week on Woody Plant Medium with either α-naphthaleneacetic acid or 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid at 2, 6 or 12 mg/l, then subcultured monthly to fresh basal medium. Observations were made on callus production, embryo formation, and embryo morphology. Somatic embryo morphology and overall callus proliferation were affected by auxin type. Callus proliferation was less extensive and more somatic embryos resembling zygotic embryos were obtained from cultures initiated with α-naphthaleneacetic acid than with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Repetitive somatic embryogenesis was obtained in all auxin treatments. Conversion into plantlets was affected by somatic embryo morphology in that embryos with poorly developed apices exhibited lower percentages of conversion than those with well developed single or multiple apices. Consequently, although more embryos were obtained with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, naphthaleneacetic acid was the superior auxin for production of somatic embryos more likely to convert into plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00232930
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of photoperiod and medium formulation on peanut somatic embryogenesis (1994)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 13 (1994), S. 159-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Somatic embryos were produced from peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) immature zygotic cotyledons. Comparisons were made of the level of α-naphthaleneacetic acid during induction, nitrogen formulation of the medium, and photoperiod. Over 70% embryogenesis was obtained regardless of NAA level used. Percent embryogenesis and number of embryos were markedly lower in explants induced on NAA compared to 2,4-D. Embryo production was not greatly affected by either the use of Murashige & Skoog versus Finer & Nagasawa salts or light versus dark culture conditions. However, embryo morphology was noticeably affected by photoperiod. Embryos produced under a 16 h photoperiod were tough, woody and difficult to separate for subsequent germination and conversion. Those produced under a 0-h photoperiod were succulent and pliable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00239884
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from leaflets of peanut, Arachis hypogaea (1992)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 11 (1992), S. 71-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Somatic embryos were induced on peanut (Arachis hypogaea) leaflets from aseptically germinated embryo axes. Leaflet size influenced percent somatic embryogenesis; 5–8 mm long cut leaflets were superior to 2–3 mm long uncut leaflets. Maximum embryogenesis of 14.6% was obtained after a 15 d incubation on induction medium (modified MS with B5 vitamins, 30 g/l sucrose, 4 g/l Gel-Gro, 40 mg/l 2,4-D +0.2 mg/l kinetin) followed by transfer to a secondary medium with 5 mg/l 2,4-D+0.2 mg/l kinetin. Primary somatic embryos were fused along the axes with no distinct cotyledons, but secondary embryos had single axes with two cotyledons. Other treatments had lower percent embryogenesis, no secondary embryogenesis, and embryos with single axes with two cotyledons. Some somatic embryos converted into normal plants capable of greenhouse survival.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235256
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of auxin type and concentration on peanut somatic embryogenesis (1994)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 36 (1994), S. 361-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: Arachis hypogaea ; 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid ; naphthaleneacetic acid ; somatic embryo morphology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Somatic embryogenesis in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) using immature cotyledonary explants was induced on a wide range of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (5 to 60mg l−1) and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) (20 to 50 mg l−1) levels. Percent embryogenesis ranged from 31 to 94%. As auxin level increased in induction medium, percent embryogenesis decreased and was associated with browning of explants. However, with higher 2,4-D induction levels (40 mg l−1 and over), embryogenic explants had dense masses of embryogenic areas and repetitive embryogenesis was enhanced. Higher auxin concentrations during induction decreased precocious germination of embryos, but had no marked effect on somatic embryo morphology. The use of 2,4-D compared to NAA in the induction medium resulted in greater per cent embryogenesis and mean number of embryos. Embryos induced on NAA were harder, less pliant, and less succulent; cultures exhibited more extensive root development and nonembryogenic callus proliferation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00046094
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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