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  • 1990-1994  (4)
  • 25.70.Np  (2)
  • 25.70.Gh  (1)
  • Krebsentstehung  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Pathologe 15 (1994), S. 321-330 
    ISSN: 1432-1963
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Lunge ; Tumorsuppressorgene ; Onkogene ; Krebsentstehung ; Key words Lung ; Tumor suppressor gene ; Oncogene ; Cancerogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The recent results obtained from investigations based on molecular biological techniques have led to a better understanding of recurrent genetic causes important for the pathogenesis of tumors. Several genes have been identified as being involved in the development of cancer. In many cases, the activation of oncogenes or the inactivation of tumor-suppressor genes is the predominant reason for cancerogenic cell transformation. Functional dysregulation is frequently the consequence of mutations, resulting in an alteration of the primary structure of the DNA. As our understanding of the nature, function, and interaction of these genes evolves, new opportunities for early diagnosis, classification, prevention, and treatment of malignant tumors will arise. The present report summarizes the current molecular biological aspects of several oncogenes (erbB, ras, myc, raf, fos, jun, bcl, mdm 2, myb, kit CSF1R, met) and tumor suppressor genes (p 53, rb, mts) involved in lung-cancer development with respect to the pathology of lung tumors, including the importance of these genes as far as the clinical course of the disease is concerned.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Fortschritte der letzten Jahre, insbesondere auf dem Gebiet der molekularen Genetik, haben wesentlich zum besseren Verständnis der Genese und Progression von Tumoren beigetragen. Nach dem heutigen Erkenntnisstand besitzen morphologisch als tumorös charakterisierte Zellen unterschiedliche genetische Alterationen. Im Verlauf der Tumorprogression kann es zusätzlich zur Akkumulation weiterer genetischer Alterationen kommen. Nach den heute vorherrschenden Arbeitshypothesen sind für eine bösartige Entartung von Zellen 3–10, in der Regel unabhängige genetische Alterationen Voraussetzung. Die Veränderungen in der Erbsubstanz betreffen überwiegend solche Gene, die direkt oder indirekt das Wachstum, die Proliferation oder die Differenzierung der Zelle regulieren. Die für die Entstehung von Tumoren verantwortlichen Gene werden dabei in die Klassen der Onkogene und der Tumor Suppressor Gene oder Anti-Onkogene eingeteilt. Bei Onkogenen führt definitionsgemäß erst eine (Über-) Aktivierung des betreffenden (Proto-) Onkogens zu einer Entartung der Zelle – bei Tumor-Suppressor-Genen ist eine (Teil-) Inaktivierung des Gens Voraussetzung für eine Transformation der Zelle. Neben chromosomalen Abnormalitäten, die in der Regel größere Genomabschnitte betreffen und zum Teil bereits auf lichtmikroskopischer Ebene diagnostiziert werden, spielen bei der Genese und Progression von Lungentumoren gerade genetische Alterationen in Onko- oder Tumor-Suppressor-Genen eine zentrale Rolle. Die vorliegende Übersicht faßt Erkenntnisse über die Gene zusammen, die heute als Faktoren bei der Kanzerogenese von Lungentumoren Bedeutung erlangt haben.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 25.70.Np
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The longitudinal-momentum distributions of projectile fragments from 0.8 A GeV136Xe and 1 A GeV197Au projectiles impinging on targets of beryllium and aluminium, respectively, have been measured using the projectile-fragment separator FRS at GSI. Different momentum distributions have been found for two different classes of fragmentation processes: the abundant hot fragmentation with several nucleons evaporated from the prefragments, and the rare cold fragmentation with only protons removed from the projectile, but no nucleons evaporated. The data are compared to model calculations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 25.70.Jj ; 25.70.Gh ; 27.90.+b
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The fusion of the massive systems110Pd+104Ru and110Pd+110Pd was uniquely identified by observing the a decay of the evaporation residues. The observed distribution of the fusion cross section on the different evaporation-residue channels is in clear contradiction to calculations based on the compound-nucleus model. As a possible explanation the precompound evaporation of a particles is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 25.70.Np ; 27.50. + e
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have measured production cross-sections of the new neutron-rich isotopes58Ti,61V,63Cr,66Mn,69Fe,71Co and neighbouring isotopes that have been identified as projectile fragments from reactions between a 500 MeV/u86Kr beam and a beryllium target. The isotope identification was performed with the zero-degree magnetic spectrometer FRS at GSI, using in addition time-of-flight and energy-loss measurements. The experimental production cross-sections for the new nuclides and neighbouring isotopes are compared with an empirical parametrization. The resulting prospects for reaching even more neutron-rich isotopes, such as the doubly-magic nuclide78Ni, are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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