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The ADP/ATP translocator from potato has a long amino-terminal extension (1991)

Emmermann, M. ; Braun, H. P. ; Schmitz, U. K.

Springer

Current genetics 20 (1991), S. 405-410

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ISSN: 1432-0983

Keywords: ADP/ATP translocator ; Mitochondria ; Presequence ; Gene expression

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Summary The ADP/ATP translocator is an abundant protein of the mitochondrial inner membrane, which in fungi and mammals is synthesized without a presequence. Here we report that the translocator from potato has an amino-terminal extension which may function in mitochondrial targeting. Several cDNA clones encoding the nucleotide sequence of the ADP/ATP translocator have been isolated from potato leaf and tuber cDNA libraries constructed in lambda phages. Only one class of cDNA clones was found but possibly different translocator genes are expressed in other tissues. High levels of transcripts for the translocator are found in all tissues analysed. Sequence determination of the complete insert of one of the clones reveals a long open reading frame of 1158 bp encoding a protein of 386 amino acids corresponding to a calculated molecular weight of 42 kDa. In contrast, the ADP/ATP translocator proteins from fungi and mammals are significantly smaller. Comparison of the Neurospora translocator with the potato protein shows about 75% sequence homology, being confined to the region after amino acid 85 of the potato polypeptide. Antibodies directed against the fungal translocator recognize a protein of 30 kDa in the inner membrane of potato mitochondria, suggesting that the mature protein has a similar size as the translocators from fungi and mammals. Thus, the additional segment of the potato ADP/ATP translocator forms an amino-terminal extension which may be involved in the import of the protein into plant mitochondria.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00317069

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Flow behavior of symmetrical P (S-b-MMA) block copolymers: Rheological problems arising from shear modified morphology (1993)

Braun, H. ; Gleinser, W. ; Cantow, H.-J.

New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Journal of Applied Polymer Science 49 (1993), S. 487-499

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ISSN: 0021-8995

Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics

Notes: In this article, symmetrical, narrow distribution P (S-b-MMA) block copolymers are characterized rheologically, using a dynamic spectrometer and a stress rheometer. The shear induced morphology changes are investigated by off-line electron microscopy and SAXS. We tried to correlate the results of dynamics and long-time creep experiments with morphological and rheological features. Summarizing, one can point out that the examined block copolymers reveal the well-known low frequency behavior of phase separated blends. Additionally, we observed a significant shear influence on the morphology, i.e. a shear induced structuring and alignment of lamellae. This considerable change in morphology is also reflected by the characteristic rheological properties (retardation time, yield stress). Therefore, problems concerning the validity range of linear viscoelastic behavior arise, which are discussed in brief. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Additional Material: 9 Ill.