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  • 1990-1994  (4)
  • Engineering General  (2)
  • Anophthalmos  (1)
  • Defecation disorders  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sonographic, manometric, and myographic evaluation of the anal sphincters morphology and function (1993)
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 36 (1993), S. 1037-1041 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Anorectal manometry ; Transcutaneous electromyography ; Anal sonography ; Defecation disorders
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract PURPOSE: A direct comparison of anal sphincter physiology (muscle performance and anatomy-muscle thickness) has not yet been undertaken but may be of importance in patients with defecation disorders. METHODS: We evaluated 15 healthy volunteers by means of anorectal manometry to determine pressure functions of the internal and external anal sphincter. Transcutaneous electromyography was recorded to assess the electrical activity of the external anal sphincter. Thickness of the anal sphincter muscles was measured sonographically from within the anal canal with dorsal projection using a 7.5-MHz 360° rectal panorama scanner. RESULTS: It was shown that neither is the muscle thickness of the external anal sphincter during rest (6.26±1.02 mm) or during squeezing (7.40±1.39 mm) correlated to its squeeze pressure (138.8±15.2 mmHg), nor is the diameter of the internal anal sphincter (2.09±0.58 mm) correlated to its resting pressure (61.1±15.2 mmHg). Finally, the thicker the internal anal sphincter muscle, the lower the electrical activity of the external anal sphincter during squeezing (r=0.74,P 〈0.001). CONCLUSION: It is concluded that both manometry to assess sphincter function and sonography to determine sphincter morphology are important measures in the evaluation of continence function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02047296
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New observations on midline defects: Coincidence of anophthalmos, microphthalmos and cryptophthalmos with hypothalamic disorders (1991)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 150 (1991), S. 246-249 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Midline defects ; Anophthalmos ; Microphthalmos ; Cryptophtalmos ; Hypothalamic defects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Four children with severe congenital eye anomalies are described of which three had related symptoms. Two had bilateral anophthalmia, the optic nerves not detectable by computed cranial tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, and the third child had bilateral microphthalmia and coloboma iridis. The fourth patient had bilateral cryptophthalmia as part of Fraser syndrome. All four patients were of small stature. In three of them growth hormone deficiency was demonstrated which was of hypothalamic origin as shown by growth hormone releasing hormone tests. In the fourth child hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and tertiary thyroid deficiency were diagnosed which responded well to thyroxine treatment. Pathogenetically the described disorders are due to congenital defects of midline structures as a common “developmental field”.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01955522
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physically correct penalty-like formulations for accurate pressure calculation in finite element algorithms of the Navier-Stokes equations (1993)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 36 (1993), S. 3883-3902 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: Finite element algorithms for incompressible fluids, in particular the penalty function method, are re-examined and re-formulated based on physically consistent approximations to the mass conservation equation. These approximations lead to methods that satisfy all fluid conditions under the assumption of slightly compressible flow and directly yield approximations to the pressure field that are free from spurious oscillations. Penalty function-type algorithms are developed for direct steady-state calculations and for time-dependent simulations of viscous incompressible flows that are based on the bilinear isoparametric quadrilateral element and circumvent the Ladyszhenskaya, Babuska and Brezzi (LBB) condition. Further-more, methods that eliminate pressure oscillations in the low Mach number region of high-speed compressible flows are obtained. These methods are tested in examples that show their superior performance in approximating the pressure field.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620362208
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A poisson equation formulation for pressure calculations in penalty finite element models for viscous incompressible flows (1990)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 30 (1990), S. 349-361 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: The calculation of pressures when the penalty function approximation is used in finite element solutions of laminar incompressible flows is addressed. A Poisson equation for the pressure is formulated that involves third derivatives of the velocity field. The second derivatives appearing in the weak formulation of the Poisson equation are calculated from the C0 velocity approximation using a least squares method. The present scheme is shown to be efficient, free of spurious oscillations, and accurate. Examples of applications are given and compared with results obtained using mixed formulations.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620300209
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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