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  • 1990-1994  (26)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (26)
  • Autoradiography
  • Pisum
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fabrication of PbS nanoparticles embedded in a polymer Film by a gas-aerosol reactive electrostatic deposition techniqueOVS acknowledges support from the Science and Engineering Research Council (SERC) of the UK, contract number GR/HO4466 and PJH is supported by a SERC studentship. (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials 6 (1994), S. 772-775 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-9648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.19940061013
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerization of ethylene using a high-activity Ziegler-Natta catalyst. II. Molecular weight regulation (1993)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 31 (1993), S. 219-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: polymerization ; molecular weight ; ethylene ; Ziegler-Natta ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This article describes studies on the variables that regulate the molecular weight in ethylene polymerization using a highly active Ziegler-Natta catalyst with hydrogen for molecular weight control. The dependence of the degree of polymerization on the concentration of catalyst, cocatalyst, monomer, partial pressure of hydrogen, and temperature has been established. The rate constant for chain transfer with cocatalyst has been evaluated. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1993.080310126
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerization of ethylene using a high-activity Ziegler-Natta catalyst. I. Kinetic studies (1993)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 31 (1993), S. 209-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: polymerization ; Ziegler-Natta ; catalysis ; ethylene ; kinetic ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Factors affecting the particular shape of kinetic rate-time profiles in the polymerization of ethylene with a MgCl2-supported TiCl4 catalyst activated by Al(C2H5)3 have been investigated. Examination of the dependence of the polymerization rate on the concentration of Al(C2H5)3 resulted in a Langmuir-Hinshelwood rate law. Analysis of the polymerization rate as a function of the polymerization temperature gave about 46 kJ mol-1 for the overall activation energy. Examination of the rapid decay of the polymerization rate with time showed that this decay is represented better by a first-order decay law than by a second-order one. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1993.080310125
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Silanes on magnesium chloride studied by solid-state 29Si-NMR spectroscopy (1993)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 31 (1993), S. 2835-2838 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: NMR ; MAS ; silanes ; Ziegler-Natta ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 29Si cross-polarisation NMR was used to study the interaction between silanes and MgCl2 when co-milled. Large changes are seen for the 29Si chemical shift of the silane between the silane in solution and in the solid complex. Interpretation of the differences in chemical shift are hindered by the absence of an adequate semi-empirical theory. The 29Si chemical shift tensors confirm a strong interaction between the silane and MgCl2. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1993.080311121
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glycine/Glycolic acid based copolymers (1994)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 32 (1994), S. 1063-1069 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: biodegradable polymers ; glycine ; glycolic acid ; morpholine-2,5-dione ; glycolide ; ring-opening polymerization ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Glycine/glycolic acid based biodegradable copolymers have been prepared by ring-opening homopolymerization of morpholine-2,5-dione, and ring-opening copolymerization of morpholine-2,5-dione and glycolide. The homopolymerization of morpholine-2,5-dione was carried out in the melt at 200°C for 3 min using stannous octoate as an initiator, and continued at lower reaction temperatures (100-160°C) for 2-48 h. The highest yields (60%) and intrinsic viscosities ([η] = 0.50 dL/g; DMSO, 25°C) were obtained after 3 min reaction at 200°C and 17 h at 130°C using a molar ratio of monomer and initiator of 1000. The polymer prepared by homopolymerization of morpholine-2,5-dione was composed of alternating glycine and glycolic acid residues, and had a glass transition temperature of 67°C and a melting temperature of 199°C. Random copolymers of glycine and glycolic acid were synthesized by copolymerization of morpholine-2,5-dione and glycolide in the melt at 200°C, followed by 17 h reaction at 130°C using stannous octoate as an initiator. The morphology of the copolymers varied from semi-crystalline to amorphous, depending on the mole fraction of glycolic acid residues incorporated. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1994.080320608
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiation degradation of poly(arylene ether ketone)s (1994)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymers for Advanced Technologies 5 (1994), S. 116-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1042-7147
    Keywords: Poly(arylene ether ketone)s ; Gamma irradiation ; Polymer degradation ; ESR spectroscopy ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The resistance of five poly(arylene ether ketone)s with related chemical structures to degradation by ionizing radiation has been studied by ESR spectroscopy and yields of volatile products. All of the polymers showed high resistance to radiation with low yields of radicals after irradiation in vacuum at 77 K (when up to 84% of the radicals were identified as radical anions) and much lower yields at 300 K. The yields of volatile products were much less than reported for poly(arylene sulfone)s [1, 2]. Methyl substitution on a main-chain aromatic ring decreased the radiation resistance, but methane only comprised 10% of the volatile products from the methyl-substituted polymers. A polymer containing an isopropylidene group in the main chain and a substituent aromatic carbonyl showed significantly decreased radiation resistance. Extremely low radical yields were obtained after irradiation in air at 300 K, contrary to many polymers. XPS analysis showed an increase in C-O bonds on the surface after irradiation in air.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pat.1994.220050206
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radiation resistance and molecular structure of poly(arylene ether sulfone)s (1991)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymers for Advanced Technologies 2 (1991), S. 15-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1042-7147
    Keywords: Radiation resistance ; Degradation ; Polysulfone ; ESR spectra ; Protective effect ; Gaseous products ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The radiation resistance of a series of aromatic polysulfones comprising alternating units of diphenyl sulfone and various aromatic diols has been investigated by measuring volatile products, soluble fractions and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra. The yields of radicals at 77 K observed by ESR and of SO2 at 423 K have indicated that biphenol gives enhanced resistance to Y radiation, and tetramethyl bisphenol-A decreased resistance, relative to bisphenol-A, bisphenol-S and hydroquinone. The protective effect of bisphenol was confirmed by lower scission and crosslinking yields determined from the soluble fractions after high doses.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pat.1991.220020102
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal and spectroscopic properties of the polydiacetylene derived from docosa-10,12-diyne-1,22-diylbis(phenylacetate) (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer International 33 (1994), S. 87-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: Polydiacetylene ; thermal analysis ; 13C NMR ; chromism ; fluorescence ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Polydiacetylene (2) of varying molecular weight has been formed by UV- or 60Co γ-irradiation of the diacetylene PhCH2CO2(CH2)9-C≡C—C≡C(CH2)9O2CCH2Ph (3), with conversion of 30-〉95%. Samples of (2) with differing physical properties have been studied, in the bulk phase, by CPMAS 13C NMR and VIS/UV spectroscopy and by DSC; complementary spectroscopic data on solutions of (2), including fluorescence studies, are also reported. Spectroscopic studies support the presence of an extended planar conjugated backbone in ‘as polymerised’ blue-black samples of (2), from which various forms of red-coloured polymer, with shorter conjugation lengths, can be obtained. Studies of the thermal behaviour indicate the existence of several differing thermal transitions for these materials and the results are discussed.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pi.1994.210330110
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of thermal techniques for glass transition measurements of polystyrene and cross-linked acrylic polyurethane filmsPresented at the 20th North American Thermal Analysis Society (NATAS) Conference, Minneapolis, MN, September 22-25, 1991. (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 54 (1994), S. 2033-2043 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: There are few quantitative comparisons in the literature between glass transitions (Tg) measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Also, in the case of DMA, two different operational definitions have been used to obtain the glass transition, namely, the loss modulus (E″) and damping (tan δ) peak temperatures. We propose a new DMA definition of Tg and demonstrate that it agrees with DSC Tg measurements within ±2°C for both thermoplastic polystyrene and thermoset cross-linked acrylic polyurethane films with measurable tan δ peaks. The glass transitions for a single polystyrene standard and several cross-linked acrylic polyurethane films were measured by DSC. Additionally, E″ and tan δ peak temperatures were measured by DMA as a function of frequency and temperature. Empirically, it was determined that the average of the E″ and tan δ peak temperatures measured at 1 rad/s oscillation frequency corresponds to the glass transition measured by the ASTM E1356 DSC test method. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070541305
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polysulfide sealant compositions. II. Interactions between elemental sulfur and organosulfur compounds (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 51 (1994), S. 1441-1452 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Added sulfur in polysulfide aircraft sealants can become chemically bound to the polymer backbone. The chemical processes involved, and their effect on thermal performance of the resulting sealants, have been examined. Reactions of aliphatic thiols with sulfur and amine catalysts have been reinterpreted to include possible involvement of hydropolysulfide intermediates. When the procedure was applied to polysulfide liquid polymers, products with substantial levels of tri- and tetra-sulfide links were formed. 13C-NMR spectroscopy of model compounds enabled the assignment of chemical shifts associated with S3 to S5 links in the sulfur enriched polymers. Spectroscopic examination afforded no evidence for the presence of such species in commercial polysulfide liquid polymers.No obvious detrimental effects on elevated temperature performance of polysulfide sealants resulted from the incorporation of up to 1% sulfur into the polymer backbone. A higher degree of cure is achieved and this is associated with increased hardness and modulus, together with reduced extension as compared with untreated sealants. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070510812
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