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  • 1990-1994  (2)
  • Barrett's esophagus  (1)
  • Cholecystectomy  (1)
  • Mediastinal lymphadenectomy
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0460
    Keywords: Barrett's esophagus ; Gastroesophageal reflux ; Adenocarcinoma ; High grade dysplasia ; Deglutition ; Deglutition disorders
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Barrett's esophagus (i.e. columnar epithelial metaplasia in the distal esophagus) is an acquired condition that in most patients results from chronic gastroesophageal reflux. It is a disorder of the white male in the Western world with a prevalence of about 1/400 population. Due to the decreased sensitivity of the columnar epithelium to symptoms, Barrett's esophagus remains undiagnosed in the majority of patients. Gastroesophageal reflux disease in patients with Barrett's esophagus has a more severe character and is more frequently associated with complications as compared with reflux patients without columnar mucosa. This appears to be due to a combination of a mechanically defective lower esophageal sphincter, inefficient esophageal clearance function, and gastric acid hypersecretion. Excessive reflux of alkaline duodenal contents may be responsible for the development of complications (i.e., stricture, ulcer, and dysplasia). Therapy of benign Barrett's esophagus is directed towards treatment of the underlying reflux disease. Barrett's esophagus is associated with a 30- to 125-fold increased risk for adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. The reasons for the dramatic rise in the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma, which occurred during the past years, are unknown. High grade dysplasia in a patient with columnar mucosa is an ominous sign for malignant degeneration. Whether an esophagectomy should be performed in patients with high grade dysplasia remains controversial. Complete resection of the tumor and its lymphatic drainage is the procedure of choice in all patients with a resectable carcinoma who are fit for surgery. In patients with tumors located in the distal esophagus, this can be achieved by a transhiatal en-bloc esophagectomy and proximal gastrectomy. Early adenocarcinoma can be cured by this approach. The value of multimodality therapy in patients with advanced tumors needs to be shown in randomized prospective trials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 378 (1993), S. 304-312 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Meta-analysis ; Risk-factors ; Cholecystectomy ; Colorectal cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Durch die Einführung der laparoskopischen Cholezystektomie ist die Frage nach dem Einfluß der Gallenblasenentfernung auf die Entstehung von kolorektalen Karzinomen (CR-Ca) erneut aktuell geworden. Bisher vorliegende Studien zeigen widersprüchliche Ergebnisse. Durch eine Metaanalyse getrennt nach Studienart (prospektiv, retrospektiv) wurde die Häuptfragestellung „Wird das Risiko an einem kolorektalen Karzinom zu erkranken durch die Cholezystektomie erhöht?” untersucht. In den prospektiven Matched-pairs-Studien wurden 1 158 Patienten mit Cholezystektomie (CHE) mit 1 222 Kontrollen (Ko) verglichen. Das relative Risiko (RR) war mit 1,48 nicht significant erhöht. In 4 prospektiven Kohortenstudien wurde die Häufigkeit des CR-Ca von 22 783 Patienten mit CHE verglichen mit der zu erwartenden Häufigkeit (RR = 0,99). In den retrospektiven Studien wurde die Häufigkeit einer vorhergehenden CHE bei 11 797 Patienten mit CR-Ca mit der Häufigkeit bei 33 940 Kontrollen ohne CR-Ca verglichen. Die berechnete „odds ratio” (O. R.) der Metaanalyse betrug 1,15, was eine signifikante aber klinisch nichtrelevante Risikoerhöhung darstellt. Ähnliche Werte ergaben sich für die getrennte Auswertung nach Geschlecht sowohl in der Analyse der prospektiven Studien mit einem RR von 0,99 für Frauen and 1,00 für Männer und für die retrospektiven Studien mit 1,17 (p 〈 0,05) für Frauen und 1,09 (n.s.) für Männer. Die Ergebnisse unter Berücksichtigung der Lokalisation des Tumors zeigen für die prospektiven Untersuchungen weder für das Kolon Ca noch für das Rectum Ca signifikante Risikoerhöhungen. Nur in der Analyse der retrospektiven Studien ergibt sich für das Kolon Ca eine signifikante Risikoerhöhung (O. R. = 2,12, p 〈 0,001) und dies läßt sich insbesondere für Karzinome des rechten Hemikolons nachweisen (O. R. = 1,52, p 〉 0,001).
    Notes: Abstract The number of patients subjected to cholecystectomy has increased since the introduction of laparoscopic methods. Therefore, the question of an association between colorectal cancer (CR-Ca) and cholecystectomy (CHE) is again topical. Several studies have been performed investigating the possibility of a link between cholecystectomy and large bowel cancer. The findings recorded in these studies have been varied and in some cases contradictory. In meta-analyses of the different types of studies (prospective and retrospective) the main question, “Is the risk of colorectal cancer higher after cholecystectomy?” was examined. In prospective matched-pairs studies, 1158 patients who had undergone CHE were compared with 1222 controls. The relative risk (RR) was 1.48, and this result was not significant. The four prospective cohort studies compared the frequency of CR-Ca of 22 783 CHE patients with the expected frequency in the population (RR = 0.99). The retrospective studies compared the frequency of previous CHE in 11797 patients with CR-Ca with the frequency in 33 940 controls without CR-Ca. The calculated odds ratio (O. R.) of the meta-analysis was 1.15, a significant but not clinically relevant increase in risk. Similar results was shown for evaluation of sex difference both in the prospective studies, with an RR of 0.99 for women and 1.00 for men, and in the retrospective studies, with a RR of 1.17 (p 〈 0.05) for women and 1.09 (n.s.) for men. The results for different location of the tumour show no significant risk differences in prospective studies either for the colon or for the rectum. Only the meta-analyses of retrospective studies also demonstrate a significant increase in risk of carcinomas of the colon (O. R. = 2.12, p 〈 0.001) and for the right hemicolon (O. R. = 1.52, p 〈 0.001).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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