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  • 1990-1994  (4)
  • pancreatic polypeptide  (3)
  • Bolus injections
  • Dianthus caryophyllus
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of intravenous glucose on intravenous amino acid-induced gallbladder contraction and CCK secretion (1994)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 39 (1994), S. 268-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: hyperglycemia ; amino acids ; parenteral nutrition ; gallbladder motility ; cholecystokinin ; pancreatic polypeptide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of acute hyperglycemia on the gallbladder contraction induced by intravenous administration of high doses of amino acids (Vamin 18, 250 mg protein/kg/hr). Six healthy volunteers were studied in random order on two occasions during normoglycemia and hyperglycemia with blood glucose levels stabilized at 15 mmol/liter. Gallbladder volumes, measured with ultrasonography, were studied for 60 min before and for 120 min during intravenous infusion of amino acids (IVAA). Administration of IVAA resulted in a significant reduction (P〈0.05) in gallbladder volume from 32±5 cm3 to 17±2 cm3 during normolgycemia. During hyperglycemia no significant changes in gallbladder volume were observed in response to IVAA. No significant changes in plasma CCK concentration, the major hormonal stimulus for gallbladder contraction, occurred in response to IVAA. During hyperglycemia, pancreatic polypeptide (PP) secretion, as an indirect measure of vagal cholinergic tone, in response to IVAA was significantly (P〈0.05) reduced compared to normoglycemia. It is concluded that: (1) administration of high doses of IVAA results in significant gallbladder contraction, (2) high doses of IVAA do not stimulate CCK secretion, (3) acute hyperglycemia inhibits IVAA-induced gallbladder contraction, and (4) acute hyperglycemia inhibits basal and stimulated plasma PP secretion, suggesting impaired vagal-cholinergic tone during hyperglycemia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02090196
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Postprandial gallbladder motility and plasma cholecystokinin at regular time intervals after injection of octreotide in acromegalics on long-term treatment (1992)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 37 (1992), S. 1685-1690 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: acromegaly ; octreotide ; somatostatin ; gallbladder motility ; cholecystokinin ; pancreatic polypeptide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The increased risk of gallstone formation in acromegalics treated with the somatostatin analog octreotide has been related to an impaired gallbladder emptying. To determine the duration of these inhibitory effects, meal-stimulated gallbladder motility, plasma cholecystokinin (CCK), and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) were measured in five acromegalics treated for 6–32 months with 200–300 μg octreotide daily. Meal tests were performed 45 min, 8 hr and two weeks after the last 100-μg subcutaneous dose. Results were compared with those in normal subjects. Integrated postprandial gallbladder contraction (−125±194 cm3/120 min) and integrated PP secretion (−0.1±0.2 nmol/liter/120 min) were completely suppressed in the 45-min study, but significantly improved (P〈0.05) when measured 8 hr (1376±322 cm3/120 min and 3.0±1.0 nmol/liter/120 min) and two weeks (1437±263 cm3/120 min and 10.6±1.6 nmol/liter/120 min) after the last dose of octreotide. The integrated gallbladder contraction in acromegalics at 8 hr was comparable to that at two weeks and to that in normal subjects, but the integrated PP response at 8 hr was significantly smaller (P〈0.05 vs two weeks and vs normals). Integrated plasma CCK secretion at 45 min (0.13±0.06 nmol/liter/120 min) was not statistically significantly different from the response at 8 hr (0.15±0.02 nmol/liter/120 min) and from that in normal subjects, but it was significantly increased at two weeks after cessation of octreotide (P〈0.05 vs 45 min and 8 hr). In conclusion, during long-term octreotide treatment in acromegalics, initial abolishment of postprandial gallbladder emptying is completely reverted to normal values 8 hr after the last subcutaneous dose. No major differences in postprandial plasma CCK at 45 min and at 8 hr were observed when compared with normal subjects, whereas plasma PP responses were diminished.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01299859
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hyperglycemia modulates gallbladder motility and small intestinal transit time in man (1993)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 38 (1993), S. 2228-2235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: hyperglycemia ; gallbladder ; intestinal transit ; pancreatic polypeptide ; cholecystokinin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of acute hyperglycemia on (1) the intestinal phase of gallbladder contraction induced by the intraduodenal administration of emulsified fat, and (2) the small intestinal transit time measured by the lactulose breath hydrogen test. Six healthy volunteers were studied in random order during normoglycemia and hyperglycemia (blood glucose levels 15 mmol/liter). Gallbladder volumes were measured with ultrasonography. Administration of 1 and 2 g/hr of fat resulted in significant reductions in gallbladder volumes from 24±2 cm3 to 11±1 cm3 (P〈0.05) and 8±1 cm3 (P〈0.05), respectively during normoglycemia, and from 24±2 cm3 to 21±2 cm3 (P〈0.05) and 16±2 cm3, respectively (P〈0.05) during hyperglycemia. Compared to normoglycemia, the gallbladder contraction was significantly (P〈0.05) reduced during hyperglycemia. No significant differences in CCK secretion were observed between experiments. Small intestinal transit time during hyperglycemia (101±12 min) was significantly (P〈0.05) prolonged compared to normoglycemia (57±12 min). During hyperglycemia, basal PP levels and PP secretion in response to intraduodenal fat were significantly (P〈0.05) reduced compared to normoglycemia. It is concluded that (1) low doses of intraduodenal emulsified fat result in significant gallbladder contraction and CCK secretion, (2) acute hyperglycemia inhibits intraduodenal fat induced gallbladder contraction, (3) acute hyperglycemia does not affect the intraduodenal fat induced CCK secretion, (4) small intestinal transit is significantly prolonged during acute hyperglycemia, and (5) acute hyperglycemia inhibits basal and stimulated plasma PP secretion, suggesting impaired vagal-cholinergic tone during hyperglycemia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01299901
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance of resistance in carnation against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. dianthi races 1 and 2, in relation to resistance components (1991)
    Springer
    European journal of plant pathology 97 (1991), S. 73-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8469
    Keywords: Dianthus caryophyllus ; additive resistance ; localization ability ; latent period ; wilting rate ; phytoalexins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Four carnation cultivars, Novada (resistant to races 1 and 2 ofFusarium oxysporum f.sp.dianthi), Elsy (susceptible to race 1), Lena (susceptible to race 2) and Sam's Pride (susceptible to both races), were selfed and crossed. When three months old, the seedlings were inoculated via the roots or via the stems, after which wilting was recorded weekly according to a 5-point ordinal scale. Analyses were carried out on the proportions of diseased plants. For race 1 variation between the progenies could be described by means of general combining abilities only; GCA values were not affected by the inoculation method used. Also for race 2 GCAs were most important but the GCA values appeared different for the two inoculation methods. It is concluded that resistance to both races is inherited in an additive way. Indications for independently inherited root-specific resistance components (extravascular resistance) were only found with race 2. With both races, the ability to confine the pathogen at the infection site appeared the most important resistance component. Resistant progenies were also characterized by longer latent periods and lower wilting rates. Both race 1 and race 2 induced the accumulation of the phytoalexins dianthalexin and methoxydianthramide S, but race 2 induced higher amounts than race 1. The accumulation of phytoalexins was positively correlated to the resistance level of the progenies against the respective races. The progenies of the double-resistant cultivar Novada appeared to produce particularly high levels of phytoalexins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01974271
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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