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  • 1990-1994  (34)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (13)
  • Chemical Engineering  (12)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (8)
  • Organic Chemistry  (8)
  • Drosophila
  • cactus
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of larval and adult P-450 activity levels for alkaloid metabolism in desertDrosophila (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 20 (1994), S. 1893-1906 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Drosophila ; Diptera ; Drosophilidae ; cytochrome P-450 ; poly-substrate monooxygenase ; cactus ; alkaloids ; resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase system has been implicated in plant utilization by at least three species ofDrosophila (D. nigrospiracula, D. mettleri, andD. mojavensis) that are endemic to the Sonoran Desert of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. Basal and induced levels of total cytochrome P-450 were determined for third-instar and decapitated 2- to 5-day post eclosion adults of the three desert species. Total P-450 levels, both basal and induced for all species assayed, were significantly higher for adults than for larvae by up to 20-fold. On a per organism basis, the levels of in vitro metabolism of the cactus alkaloid, carnegine, and patterns of response to induction by cactus tissue for adult desertDrosophila approximated those of larvae. Induction by phenobarbital, however, resulted in levels of in vitro carnegine metabolism that were up to 5.6-fold higher in adults than in larvae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02066231
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamics of a cascade of two continuous stirred tank polymerization reactors with a binary initiator mixture (1991)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 31 (1991), S. 333-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The dynamic behavior of two continuous stirred tank reactors in series has been investigated for free radical solution polymerization of styrene with a binary mixture of two initiators having different thermal decomposition activities. For a wide range of initiator feed composition, both reactors exhibit quite complex nonlinear steady state and transient behavior. When the reactor residence time is used as a bifurcation parameter, the second reactor can have up to five steady states. For certain range of reactor operating conditions, bifurcations to various types of periodic solutions have been observed, such as Hopf bifurcation, isolas, period doubling, period-doubling cascade, and homoclinics. The effects of other reactor variables, such as total initiator concentration, coolant temperature, and reactor volume ratio on the reactor dynamics, are illustrated to show the complex dynamic behavior of the two-reactor system catalyzed by a mixture of t-butyl perbenzoate and benzoyl peroxide.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760310506
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamics of a continuous stirred tank reactor for styrene polymerization initiated by a binary initiator mixture. II: Effect of viscosity dependent heat transfer coefficient (1992)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 32 (1992), S. 494-505 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The dynamic behavior of the solution polymerization of styrene in a continuous stirred tank reactor is analyzed with a mixture of tert-butyl perbenzoate and benzoyl peroxide as an initiator system. In the modeling of the reactor, a viscosity dependent reactor wall heat transfer coefficient is used to account for the changing heat transfer efficiency as monomer conversion and polymer molecular weight increase. The steady state and bifurcation behaviors have been investigated with the reactor residence time, initiator feed composition, initiator concentration, feed solvent volume fraction, and coolant temperature as bifurcation parameters. Unlike the reactors with constant heat transfer coefficient, the present system exhibits relatively simple steady state and dynamic bifurcation behaviors. Oscillatory behavior is observed only when the solvent volume fraction in the feed exceeds 0.2. The dynamic simulation of the reactor also indicates that a feedback temperature controller may fail to maintain the reactor temperature when the heat transfer coefficient changes as a result of process disturbances.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760320707
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamics of a CSTR for styrene polymerization initiated by a binary initiator system (1990)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 30 (1990), S. 279-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The steady state and dynamic behavior of a continuous stirred tank reactor has been analyzed for free radical solution polymerization of styrene initiated by a mixture of two initiators having different thermal stabilities. From the steady state analysis of the reactor model with a mean residence time as a bifurcation parameter, four unique regions of steady state solutions are identified in an operating parameter space for a given initiator feed composition. A variety of complex bifurcation behavior such as multiple steady states, Hopf bifurcation and limit cycles have been observed and their stability characteristics have been analyzed. The effects of feed initiator composition and the concentration of the initiator in the feed stream on the reactor dynamics are also presented.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760300505
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Middle-ear development: II. Morphometric changes in the conducting apparatus of the chick (1992)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 212 (1992), S. 257-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The ontogeny of various middle-ear structures was examined in 11 groups of chicks between 10 days embryonic and adult. Measurements of the tympanic membrane surface area and height, columella length, and that of the columella footplate, annular ligament, and oval window area were obtained using video micrographs and computer digitization techniques. The oval window matures first at 53 days post-hatching, whereas the columella achieves adult size at 74 days. The tympanic membrane surface area is the last middle-ear variable studied to reach adult size (79 days post-hatch). The columella increases its length from 0.63 mm (10 days embryonic) to 2.73 mm in the adult. The tympanic membrane area expands by 280% whereas the columellar footplate area increases by 11x. As a result, the pressure amplification of the middle ear due to the tympanic membrane/columellar footplate area ratio improves by over 400%. These data further contribute to our understanding of the functional development of the middle ear. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052120305
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of emulsion size distribution by NMR restricted diffusion measurement (1992)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 38 (1992), S. 1671-1674 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690381019
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Slotted orifice flowmeter (1994)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 40 (1994), S. 1757-1760 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690401015
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    N-Acetyl-D and L-esters of 5′-AMP hydrolyze at different rates (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chirality 5 (1993), S. 150-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: aminoacyl adenylate esters ; hydrolytic stabilization by intramolecular interaction ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Studies of the properties of aminoacyl derivatives of 5′-AMP are aimed at understanding the origin of the process of protein synthesis. Aminoacyl (2′,3′) esters of 5′-AMP can serve as models of the 3′-terminus of aminoacyl tRNA. We report here on the relative rates of hydrolysis of AC-D- and L-Phe AMP esters as a function of pH. At all pHs above 3, the rate constant of hydrolysis of the AC-L-Phe ester is 1.7 to 2.1 times that of AC-D-Phe ester. The D-isomer seems partially protected from hydrolysis by a stronger association with the adenine ring of the 5′-AMP. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chir.530050308
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Disposition kinetics of ML-1035 sulfoxide enantiomers and the prochiral sulfide in rats (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chirality 5 (1993), S. 428-435 
    Details
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: enantiomeric pharmacokinetics ; benzamides ; gastroprokinetic agents ; prochirality ; chiral sulfoxidation ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: ML-1035, 4-amino-5-chloro-2-[2-(methylsulfinyl)ethoxy]-N-[2-(diethylamino)ethyl]benzamide, is a sulfoxide compound and a racemic gastroprokinetic agent with a chiral center at the sulfur atom. We have investigated the disposition kinetics of (R)-ML-1035 sulfoxide (R) and (S)-ML-1035 sulfoxide (S) after the single enantiomers and the racemic mixture were administered to rats in separate experiments. There was no noticeable chiral inversion after either enantiomer dose. Both enantiomers were rapidly absorbed. After dosing with enantiomers or with the racemate, the resulting plasma concentration-time curve of R was closely parallel to that of S in both intravenous and oral experiments, suggesting that the two enantiomers have approximately the same disposition kinetics. After intravenous enantiomer doses, only S underwent conversion to sulfide, suggesting that sulfidation in the liver is enantioselective. However, the enantioselective sulfidation after intravenous dosing did not introduce a difference in the global plasma disposition profiles between R and S, since the reduction reaction is a minor metabolic process. Other metabolic reactions such as sulfonation and mono-N-desethylations were not enantioselective. After oral administration, conversion to sulfide was observed for both enantioners, implicating the existence of a nonhepatic pathway in sulfidation. Administration of a prochiral sulfide dose was associated with an enantioselective sulfoxidation, in which the R/S concentration ratios increased as a function of time. In addition, enantiomeric interaction causing changes in pharmacokinetic parameters was observed after the oral racemate dose, while the interaction is negligible after an intravenous racemate dose, indicating a route dependency in enantiomeric interaction. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chir.530050607
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prepreg processing science and engineering (1993)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 33 (1993), S. 1177-1188 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Resin flow and fiber spreading during the prepregging process were investigated experimentally using a scale-down version of a commercial hot-melt prepregger with bismaleimides and carbon fibers as model systems. Specifically, several dimensionless parameters such as the Prepreg Flow Number, fractional resin uptake, resin distribution function, fractional width change, and prepregging efficiency were defined to characterize the prepregging process as well as the quality of the prepreg. Fiber spreading during the prepregging process was observed to be a viscoelastic phenomenon depending on the impregnation temperature. For resin impregnation into collimated fiber tows, all the experimental data points obtained at different operating conditions were superimposed onto a single line showing a temperature-pressure-velocity superposition for the prepregging process as predicted by the definition of the Prepreg Flow Number (PFN). Finally, three fundamental steps of the prepregging process were identified and confirmed with cross-sectional micrographs of unaged prepregs produced at different temperatures.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760331805
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