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Release of secretoneurin and noradrenaline from hypothalamic slices and its differential inhibition by calcium channel blockers (1994)

Troger, J. ; Kirchmair, R. ; Marksteiner, J. ; [et al.]

Springer

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 349 (1994), S. 565-569

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ISSN: 1432-1912

Keywords: Secretoneurin ; Noradrenaline ; Large dense core vesicles ; Calcium channel blockers ; Secretion

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Abstract Secretoneurin is a newly discovered peptide found in high concentrations in brain. We have studied the release of secretoneurin and noradrenaline from superfused hypothalamic slices from rat brain. Both electrical stimulation and potassium induced depolarisation released secretoneurin and noradrenaline from these slices in a calcium-dependent manner. Electrical stimulation caused a preferential release of noradrenaline when compared to the secretion elicited by high potassium. The time course of secretoneurin release was more protracted than that of noradrenaline. The calcium channel blocker ω-conotoxin inhibited only the electrically induced release of noradrenaline, whereas nifedipine inhibited only that of secretoneurin. These results establish that secretoneurin is secreted from neurons. Inhibition of this release by nifedipine is consistent with the concept that secretion from large dense core vesicles occurs at sites different from that of small vesicles and depends on calcium influx via L-type calcium channels.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01258460

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Circular harmonic averaging of rotary-shadowed and negatively stained creatine kinase macromolecules (1991)

Winkler, H. ; Gross, H. ; Schnyder, T. ; [et al.]

New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell

Journal of Electron Microscopy Technique 18 (1991), S. 135-141

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ISSN: 0741-0581

Keywords: High resolution shadowing ; Freeze-drying ; Mitochondrial creatine kinase ; Single molecule averaging ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Natural Sciences in General

Notes: The structure of mitochondrial creatine kinase is investigated by high-resolution shadowing at very low temperature and conventional negative staining. The electron microscopic images are analyzed with circular harmonic averaging, a method suited for the processing of single molecules. The rotational alignment and averaging is performed with the circular harmonic components, which allows data compression and several steps of noise reduction to be carried out within the averaging procedure. In addition, the symmetry can be deduced. For the mitochondrial creatine kinase, a fourfold symmetry is found that is compatible with the biochemical and biophysical characterization of the molecule.

Additional Material: 6 Ill.