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  • 1990-1994  (9)
  • Chemistry  (9)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (6)
Materialart
Erscheinungszeitraum
Jahr
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 123 (1990), S. 1137-1141 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Schlagwort(e): Allyl anion ; Differential NMR-shielding ; Schiff's bases ; Stereoselective substitution ; Isomerization, (Z,E) ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Unequivocal NMR assignments of the (E,Z) isomeric pairs 3 and 8 are possible by (Z,E) equilibration. Deprotonation of 2-methyl-1-phenylpropene (1) with n-BuLi under any conditions gives only a single allyl-metal derivative 2. Methylation of the latter gives the isomer (Z)-3, while deuteriolysis leads to the isotopically labelled derivative 6 of the olefin 1; this Proves the NMR assignments for 1 as well as the endo configuration of 2. The phenyl group gives rise to a differential shielding effect on the γ-carbon nuclei in methyl and methylene gropus along a CC double bond (ca, 7 ppm), and this effect is comparable to that along a CN double bond as in 8. The nitrile function in 5c is much less effective.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 123 (1990), S. 2161-2166 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Schlagwort(e): Acetals ; Ketones ; γ-Lactones ; Butanolides ; Spiro compounds ; Cyclopropyl compounds ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Cyclopropane Derivatives, 2.  -  Self-Acylation of α-Alkyl-γ-lactones To Give Bis(1-alkylcyclopropyl)ketones via Spiro[4.4]acetalsHigh-yield synthetic ways are recommended for the title lactones 1.The coupling of two 2-alkyl-4-butanolides is possible in an inter-(1b, c) or intramolecular fashion (4c) to give spiro[4.4] acetals 8 or 9 respectively, in the absence of hindering substituents. Symmetrically substituted bis(1-alkylcyclopropyl)ketones 12 and 13 may be prepared by acidic cleavage of those spiro[4.4] acetals lacking 2,7-substituent.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Schlagwort(e): Basicity ; Diastereotopomerization, (E/Z) ; Imines ; Steric shielding ; Steric strain ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: (E,Z) Equilibria, 15[1]. - Syntheses and Lability of the Configuration of 2-Iminoindan Derivatives with Front StrainSyntheses and properties are described for sterically shielded imines R2C = NR (3c, e, g-k), which are rather inert toward nucleophiles. Nucleophilic attack at the nitrogen atom of 3k is indicated by the formation of the azine 4. (E,Z) Configurational diastereotopomerization (anti/syn) is strongly dependent on N substituents [CH3, phenyl, 1-naphthyl, acetyl, Si(CH3)3, cyano, SC6H5, SOC6H5, SO2C6H5, and nitro]. It is accelerated by front strain along the C—N bond in 3a-c, e, g, h, j, and k and provides an energetic basis (by ΔG≠ and ΔΔG≠ values) for the gauging of force-field parameters. This (E,Z) stereo-mutation is characterized by a vanishing solvent dependence and a positive volume of activation (+10.2 cm3 mol-1 for 3a). In contrast to other π acceptor substituents, the N-nitro group in 31 retards (E,Z) interconversion.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 125 (1992), S. 2033-2040 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Schlagwort(e): 13C NMR, SCS ; Substituent effects ; Imines ; Isomerization, (E,Z) Schiff bases ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Sterically congested N-(1,1,3,3-tetraalkyl-2-indanylidene)-amines 8-11, N-(cyclopentylidene)anilines 13-17, and two of their salts are described, together with a short synthesis of 2-imino-1,1,3,3-tetramethylindan (5). Some of these imines show rapid (E,Z) equilibration. Positively and negatively charged nitrogen functions (in 6 and 7) cause opposite 1H- and 13C-NMR chemical shift effects along the C = N bond. Chemical shifts are almost equally affected by the lone electron pair and by the imino N-H bond. Substituent-induced chemical shifts (SCS) have been assigned for all syn and anti positions with respect to methyl, phenyl, and 2,6-dimethylphenyl groups at the imino nitrogen atom. The structurally well-defined, rigid imines recommend themselves as new models for the calibration of theoretical approaches to syn/anti-differentiating SCS.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Schlagwort(e): Diastereotopomerization, (E, Z) ; Imines ; Inversion, nitrogen ; Permethylation ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Experimental differentiation between pure C=N double bond rotation and nitrogen inversion in N1-arylimines is possible with a single compound (13b) under the proviso of slow rotation about the N-aryl single bond. Labelling by 1H and 13C nuclei at the diastereotopic faces of the C=N moiety as well as of the N-aryl group is the clue to a successful stereodynamic analysis, as performed by variable-temperature NMR spectroscopy of 13b, a sterically congested and chiral model compound. Interpretation of similar measurements on a second model (13d) is less straightforward. The experimental observation of time-averaged Cs symmetry by NMR coalescences is only compatible with a mechanism of (E/Z) stereomutation either by pure inversion at sp2 nitrogen or by a contribution from C=N rotation together with a synchronized (geared) controtation about the N-aryl single bond. However, the latter combination is concluded to be predominantly inversion-like by comparisons with related imines.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 123 (1990), S. 2167-2172 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Schlagwort(e): Acylation ; Ketones ; γ-Lactones ; Butanolides ; Cyclopropyl compounds ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Cyclopropane Derivatives, 3.  -  (1-Alkylcyclopropyl)ketones by Acylation of α-Substituted γ-LactonesThe 2-acylation of 2-substituted 4-butanolides 2 is moderately sensitive to steric crowding, whereas the subsequent ring- opening of 2-acyl-2-alkyl-4-butanolides 4, 11 to give-chloro ketones 6, 12 by chloride-transferring acid derivatives be-comes difficult with bigger lactone substituents. Similar observations pertain to the preparation of y-chlorobutanoyl chlorides 10 from 2-alkyl-4-butanolides 2. The proper choice of the starting 4-butanolides (2a, b or 14 but not 2c) provides for an indirect coupling of two different lactones to y,y-dichloro ke-tones 12. Dicyclopropyl ketones 13 with variable patterns of substitution may thus be prepared from 4-butanolides in a direct manner with global yields exceeding 50% and without purification of intermediate products (except for acid chlorides like 10).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0749-1581
    Schlagwort(e): 13C NMR ; 1H NMR ; 9-Methylenefluorenes ; Substituent effects ; Substituent-induced chemical shifts ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The two 13C NMR methyl signals of the sterically congested 9-benzylidene-1,8-dimethylfluorene (1a) have the surprisingly small separation of only 0.37 ppm; for 9-benzylidene-2,7-dimethylfluorene the corresponding methyl separation is 0.04 ppm. An alternative analysis of 1a with respect to 1,8-dimethylfluorene shows that the perturbing syn-phenyl substituent has caused a downfield ( + 0.47 ppm) 13C shift but an upfield 1H shift ( - 0.97 ppm) of the compressed 1-CH3 group. For further comparisons, NMR assignments were also made for 2,7-dimethylfluorene, 1,8-dimethylfluoren-9-one and 2-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-phenylbut-1-ene.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0749-1581
    Schlagwort(e): 13C NMR ; 1H NMR Olefins ; Substituent effects ; Substituent-induced chenical shifts (SCS) ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: 1H and 13C NMR signals were assigned and CH coupling constants (1J, 2J, 3J) determined for a series of α-mono-and α,α-disubstituted (1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-2-indanylidene)methanes with the following α-substituents: (mesityl)2B, n-propyl, phenyl, tert-butyl-C(=NH), cyano, (tert-butyl)2C(OH), pivaloyl, H2N-CO, PhNH-CO, carboxy, ritro, acetoxy, Me3SiO, Me3Si, PhS, PhSMe+, PhSO, PhSO2, bromo and trimethylstannyl. The 1J couplings with the olefinic proton span the range 124.3-193.7 Hz. Substituent-induced chemical shifts (SCS) of most of the nuclei with respect to the α-unsubstituted olefin obey simple additivity in the α,α-disubstituted compounds and are very similar to the SCS values along the C=N double bond in the isoelectronic (1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-2-indanylidene)amines within the error limits. The exceptions concern nuclei in the immediate vicinity of the perturbing substituent. A dominant mechanistic contribution of electric field effects appears likely for the more distant aromatic part of the indanylidene moiety. The chemical shifts of two (2,2,5,5-tetramethylcyclopentylidene)methanes are shown to be compatible with the SCS parameters from the indanylidene series.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Schlagwort(e): Aryl group, rotation ; Cuprates ; Diastereotopomerization ; Hydrazones ; Styrene derivatives ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Two series of new compounds with sterically shielded, sp2-hybridized C-α atoms are prepared from bromo(chloro)-2,6-diisopropylbenzene. The α-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl) substituent common to all of them is used as an NMR-spectroscopic indicator for the ease of aryl-α single-bond rotation. The corresponding ΔG≠ values are 〉23.8 kcal/mol with methyl or bromine as additional α substituents at a C=C bond, but 〈8.5 kcal/mol with α-H. The analogous 2,6-diisopropylacetophenone imine has ΔG* = 18.0 kcal/mol while the N-substituted imines prefer the (Z) conformations with ΔG≠ 〉 23.3 kcal/mol, and ΔG≠ ≈ 31.5 kcal/mol for the (Z)-hydrazone. Comparisons of these data with reaction conditions show that chemical transformations are not seriously impeded unless they depend on reagent attack at a π face of the C-α atom in a C=C or C=N group which rotates slowly about the bond to 2,6-diisopropylphenyl.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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