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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Axial and paraxial influences on limb morphogenesis (1991)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 208 (1991), S. 367-379 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Previous studies by Stephens and McNulty and Strecker and Stephens have demonstrated that foil barriers placed between the mesonephros and lateral plate at stages 12 to 15 inhibited limb development, but foil barriers placed between the neural tube and somites at stages 11 to 12 resulted in limbs with normal skeletal patterns. It was concluded that some influence present in the paraxial region of the embryo at stages 11 to 15 is necessary for normal limb development. The present study was undertaken to localize that influence more precisely. Foil barriers were placed in the lateral edge of the somites or segmental plate of stage 10 to 15 chick embryos. Barriers placed into stage 13 to 15 embryos resulted in chicks with normal limbs, but barriers placed into stage 10 to 11 embryos resulted in chicks with defective limbs. Barriers inserted just lateral to Hensen's node at stages 6 to 8 resulted in embryos with defective or absent wings. We also grafted stage 4 to 9 presumptive limb territories with and without Hensen's node. Explants without Hensen's node formed limb-like structures in 1% of the cases. Explants with Hensen's node formed limb-like structures in 27% of the cases. When barriers were implanted and a node was placed on the lateral side of the barrier, limbs formed in 40% of the cases. These data suggest a medial to lateral progression of some as yet unknown morphogenetic influence necessary for normal limb development and we hypothesized that the influence may initially emanate from Hensen's node.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052080310
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of galaptin in ovarian carcinoma adhesion to extracellular matrix in vitro (1990)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 43 (1990), S. 43-57 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: ovarian carcinoma ; endogenous lectin ; extracellular matrix ; receptors ; cell adhesion ; beta-galactoside ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Immunohistochemical studies indicated that galaptin is a major protein of ovarian carcinoma cells present in patient effusions and it is distributed throughout the cytoplasm. Enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated that galaptin is also a major protein of the A121 ovarian carcinoma cell line, constituting ≤1% of extractable protein bound by DEAE Sephacel. Western blot analyses revealed that the galaptin present in ovarian carcinoma consists of a 14.5 KD subunit. Ovarian carcinoma and mesothelial cells isolated from patient effusions display surface receptors for galaptin with an apparently greater density of receptors present on the carcinoma cells. A121 cells also display surface receptors for galaptin: binding sites/cell = 3 × 108 and Ka = 1.2 × 109M-1. The presence of galaptin in bovine corneal endothelial cells (BCEC) and BCED-derived extracellular matrix (ECM)was demonstrated by ELISA. Of the total ECM-bound galaptin, about 75% appears to be insoluble in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) lactose. ECM was also found to contain abundant receptors for galaptin. Treatment of ECM with lactose increased the apparent galaptin receptor density:binding sites/cm2 = 7 × 1013 and Ka = 2.6 × 109 M-1. Pretreatment of A121 cells with galaptin inhibited adhesion to ECM. The addition of exogenous galaptin to ECM had variable effect on cell adhesion. The data presented here suggest that early adhesion events may be carbohydrate-specific involving interaction between ECM-bound galaptin and cell surface galaptin receptors.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240430105
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of the chick wing territory as an equipotential self-differentiating system (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Developmental Dynamics 197 (1993), S. 157-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1058-8388
    Keywords: Limbs ; Development ; Field ; Chick ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Harrison (1918: J. Exp. Zool. 25: 413-461) described a developmental field as an “equipotential self-differentiating system.” The present study was undertaken to address the question: To what extent can the pre-limb territory of a chick embryo be considered a developmental field? To what extent is the chick pre-limb territory an equipotential self-differentiating system? Two sets of experiments were undertaken to address these questions: (1) Whole and half limb territories were explanted to the celoma of host embryos, and (2) portions of the wing territories were extirpated. The wing exhibited the quality of self-differentiation after stage 12, in that the isolated wing territory, grafted to a host celom, could form limbs beginning at stage 12 (however, complete wings formed only from wing territories of stage 16 and older). On the other hand, the chick wing territory did not appear to exhibit equipotentiality. No posterior half limb graft formed normal limbs, and only in two exceptional cases did anterior half limb grafts form limbs. If part or all of the wing territory was removed from chick embryos, normal limbs formed in less than 15% of the cases after stage 15, in about 30% of the cases at stages 13 and 14, but in over half the cases at stages 10-12. Wound healing and reintiation of limb potential may be responsible for the higher incidence of limb formation at the younger ages. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001970302
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sperm capacitation in the domestic cat (Felis catus) and leopard cat (Felis bengalensis) as studied with a salt-stored zona pellucida penetration assay (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 31 (1992), S. 200-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Protein-free medium ; BSA ; In vitro sperm penetration ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The ability of domestic cat or leopard cat spermatozoa to penetrate zonae pellucidae (ZP) of salt-stored, domestic cat oocytes was examined as an assay for sperm capacitation. Ovarian oocytes were recovered after ovariectomy and matured in vitro for 18-36 h. Following removal of cumulus cells, the oocytes were used fresh, or stored (4°C, 0.5-24 weeks) in a HEPES-buffered hypertonic salt solution. Electroejaculated, washed sperm (2-4 × 106 sperm/ml) were preincubated for 1.0 h (38°C, 5% CO2 in air) and then co-incubated (2 × 105 sperm/ml) with fresh or stored oocytes for 6.0 h. Gametes were incubated in a protein-free, modified Tyrode's solution (TLP-PVA) or in the same medium containing 4.0 mg/ml bovine serum albumin (BSA; TALP-PVA). Treatments were compared for percentage ZP penetration (defined as sperm heads reaching more than halfway through the ZP) as an index of sperm capacitation. In both the domestic cat and leopard cat, there was no difference (P 〉 0.05) in sperm penetration of fresh ZP (domestic cat, 42.5 ± 5.4%; leopard cat, 38.6 ± 2.8%) or stored ZP (domestic cat, 32.4 ± 4.2%; leopard cat, 27.6 ± 2.3%). Sperm incubated in protein-free medium (TLP-PVA) were less capable (P〈0.05) of ZP penetration (domestic cat, 14.6 ± 5.9%; leopard cat, 7.9 ± 3.0%) than sperm incubated in medium TALP-PVA containing BSA (domestic cat, 60.3 ± 5.9%; leopard cat, 58.4 ± 3.0%). These data indicate that (1) albumin facilitates capacitation and ZP penetrating ability of cat spermatozoa; (2) domestic cat ZP appear to lack a block to heterospecific penetration by “foreign” (leopard cat) sperm; and (3) penetration of stored domestic cat ZP can be used as an index of sperm capacitation in the domestic cat and the leopard cat.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080310307
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