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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Thyroid hormones ; Thyrotropin ; Hypothyroidism ; Memory
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Frank hypothyroidism is known to induce neurological and mental dysfunction. The aim of this study was to assess selected neuropsychological and behavioral features by means of standardized tests in a group of 14 patients with subclinical hypothyroidism who were free from neuropsychological complaints and to evaluate the possible effects of l-thyroxine treatment on their performance. Patients were submitted to the Crown and Crisp Experiential Index and to the Wechsler Memory Scale; their ratings on the neurobehavioral tests and their thyroid hormone profile were compared to those of a control group of 50 age- and sex-matched subjects. Comparison was also carried out between pretreatment ratings and those obtained following a 6-month l-thyroxine course (0.1–0.15 mg/day). The Wechsler Memory Scale ratings showed a significant impairment in patients' memory-related abilities [memory quotient (MQ)=89.1 ± 2.9; P=0.002 (patients versus controls)]; the Crown and Crisp Experiential Index ratings demonstrated moderate differences between untreated patients and controls with respect to hysteria (P=0.03), anxiety (P=0.05), somatic complaints (P=0.0005), and depressive features (P=0.002) scales; the total score was also significantly higher (42.0±3.8; P=0.005). After l-thyroxine treatment the patients' performances showed an improvement in memory skills, as evaluated by the Wechsler Memory Scale [MQ = 99.9±4.0; P=0.002 (treated versus untreated)]; somatic complaints (P=0.02) and obsessionality (P = 0.04) ratings and the Crown and Crisp Experiential Index total score (P=0.04) significantly decreased with respect to untreated patients. The remarkable effects of l-thyroxine treatment observed in the present study indicate that patients with subclinical hypothyroidism may require early therapy to provide specific treatment for their neuropsychological alterations and to avoid progression toward frank hypothyroidism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé On a injecté de l'éthanol par voie percutanée (IEP) et sous échographie chez 25 patients ayant un nodule solitaire autonome de la thyroïde (15 non-toxiques, 10 toxiques), à raison de 4–7 séances (1–2 par semaine). Pour évaluer les doses nécessaires en fonction de la taille, les patients ayant un nodule plus petit (volume 〈15 mL) ont reçu 0.75–2.8 mL de'éthanol/mL de tissu nodulaire, alors que ceux porteurs de nodules de plus gros volume ont reçu un volume dose de 0.5 mL/mL. Hormis un cas d'hyperpyrexie transitoire, il n'a pas été observé d'effects secondaires notables. On a constaté une augmentation modérée, asymptomatique, des taux hormonaux sériques dans les deux groupes pendant le traitement. Trois mois aprés la fin du traitement, une rémission clinique et biologique a été observée chez 8 des 10 patients ayant un nodule toxique. Une augmentation significative des niveaux de TSH a été notée dans les deux groupes (p〈0.01). Une diminution significative du volume (p〈0.001), ainsi que des modifications structurales ont toujours été documentées par l'échographie. Une corrélation linéaire hautement significative a été retrouvée (r=0.98;p〈0.0001) entre le volume pré-opératoire et la réduction tumorale à la fois pour les grands et les petits nodules, suggèrant que même une injection limitée d'éthanol peut être thérapeutiquement efficace. La récupération d'une activité scintigraphique extranodulaire a été observee chez 16 des 25 patients (64%). Ces données confirment que l'IPE est un moyen efficace pour obtenir une “ablation fonctionnelle” de la thyroïde et induire une rémission d'hyperthyroide. Les effets secondaires apparaissent peu fréquents. Malgré la taille réduite des effectifs dans cette étude, il semble que la dose de 0.5–1 mL d'éthanol par mL de tissu soit aussi efficace qu'une dose plus importante.
    Abstract: Resumen Veinticinco pacientes con nodulos tiroideos solitarios autónomos (15 no tóxicos, 10 tóxicos) fueron tratados mediante inyección de etanol por vía percutánea (TIEP) bajo guía ultrasonigráfica en 4–7 sesiones (1–2 semanales). Con el objeto de probar diferentes dosis, los nódulos pequeños (volumen〈15 mL) fueron tratados con dosis de 0.75–2.8 mL etanol/mL de tejido nodular, en tanto que los nódulos mayores recibieron 0.5–1.0 mL. Aparte de un paciente que exhibió hiperpirexia transitoria, no se observaron efectos adversos. En el curso del tratamiento se registró una leve y asintomática elevación de los niveles séricos de hormona tiroidea en ambos grupos. A los tres meses de efectuado el tratamiento se comprobó remisión bioquímica y clínica del hipertiroidismo en 8 de 10 pacientes tóxicos, y elevación significativa de los niveles de TSH en ambos grupos (p〈0.01). En forma consistente la sonografía demostró reducción significativa del volumen (p〈0.0001) y alteraciones estructurales de los nódulos. Se encontró una relación linear entre el volumen de la masa anterior al tratamiento y la reducción, tanto para los nódulos grandes como para los pequeños, lo cual sugiere que aún las dosis limitadas de etanol poseen eficacia terapéutica. Se demostró recuperación de la actividad parenquimatosa extranodular en 16 de 25 pacientes (64%). Los datos confirman que el TIEP es efectivo para lograr la ablación funcional y la remisión del hipertiroidismo, cuando éste se encuentra presente; los efectos adversos son muy raros. A pesar de lo pequeno de la muestra de pacientes, parece que una dosis de 0.5–1.0 mL de etanol por cada mL de tejido es tan eficaz como las dosis mayores y que resulta apropiada para el tratamiento de los nódulos solitarios autónomos de la glándula tiroides.
    Notes: Abstract Twenty-five patients with solitary autonomous thyroid nodules (15 nontoxic, 10 toxic) received percutaneous ethanol injection treatment (PEIT) under sonographic guidance in 4–7 sessions (1–2 weekly). To test different doses, smaller nodules (volume 〈15 mL) were given 0.75–2.8 mL ethanol/mL nodular tissue while larger nodules received 0.5–1 mL/mL. Except for 1 patient who developed hyperpyrexia, no relevant adverse effects were observed. A slight, asymptomatic increase in serum thyroid hormone levels was observed in both groups during the treatment. Three months after treatment, a biochemical and clinical remission of hyperthyroidism was observed in 8 of 10 patients with toxic nodules. A significant increase of TSH level was seen in both groups (p〈0.01). Significant shrinkage of volume (p〈0.001) as well as structural alternations of nodules were consistently recorded at sonography. A linear relationship (r=0.98;p〈0.0001) between pretreatment volume and volume reduction was found both for large and small nodules, thus suggesting that even limited ethanol doses may be therapeutically effective. A recovery of extranodular parenchyma activity at scintiscan occurred in 16 (64%) of 25 patients. These data confirm that PEIT is effective in obtaining functional ablation and in inducing remission of hyperthyroidism. Adverse effects are infrequent. In spite of the small patient sample, a 0.5–1 mL ethanol dose per each mL of tissue appears as effective as larger doses and seems appropriate for treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 266 (1991), S. 219-221 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Uterine tube (oviduct) ; Isthmic myosalpinx ; Smooth muscle cells ; Embryo transport ; Scanning electron microscopy ; Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The three-dimensional architecture of the human isthmic myosalpinx is directly visualized by means of scanning electron microscopy after removal of interstitial connective tissue through NaOH maceration and ultrasound microdissection. These investigations show that the myosalpinx is composed of irregularly running bundles of smooth muscle cells, changing their orientation within the myosalpinx and displaying longitudinal, oblique and circular directions. The muscular bundles anastomose and intermingle with other bundles running at different levels in the oviduct wall, and actually give rise to a wide and complex muscular network in which no distinct layers are readily discernible. These morphological data are consistent with the physiological findings that the transport of gametes and embryo in very early stages in the isthmic portion of the oviduct tube is the result of a discontinuous pattern of forward and backward movements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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