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  • 1
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Blood-brain transfer of glucose ; Hypoglycaemia ; Michaelis ; Menten ; Positron emission tomography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of steady-state moderate hypoglycaemia on human brain homeostasis has been studied with positron emission tomography using [U-11C]-D-glucose as tracer. To rule out any effects of insulin, the plasma insulin concentration was maintained at the same level under normo- and hypoglycaemic conditions. Reduction of blood glucose by 55% increased the glucose clearance through the blood-brain barrier by 50% and reduced brain glucose consumption by 40%. Blood flow was not affected. The results are consistent with facilitated transport of glucose from blood to brain in humans. The maximal transport rate of glucose from blood to brain was found to be 62±19 (mean±SEM) μmol hg−1 min−1, and the half-saturation constant was found to be 4.1 + 2.3 mM.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Positron emission tomography ; Radioligands ; Brain maps ; Receptor density
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A kinetic method is described for the estimation of neuroreceptor density as well as the rate constants for association and dissociation of rapidly equilibrating radioligands. The method is exemplified by positron emission tomographic measurements of the human brain using11C-raclopride, a D 2 dopamine receptor antagonist, and11C-Ro 15-1788, a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist. Using a linear non iterative algorithm, regional binding characteristics were calculated and displayed pixel by pixel in brain maps. Data from repeated experiments on the same subject with different amounts of the unlabeled ligand were utilized. The binding characteristics were determined according to a two step procedure in which the time course of the free radioligand concentration was estimated from a reference region considered to be free of specific receptor binding sites. Alternative methods to determine the concentration of free radioligand are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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