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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increase of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF, FGF-2) messenger RNA and protein following implantation of a microdialysis probe into rat hippocampus (1994)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 98 (1994), S. 229-237 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: In vivo microdialysis ; Astrocytic reaction ; Gliosis ; Brain lesion ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In vivo microdialysis is an established tool for sampling extracellular fluid compartments. However, microdialysis faces the problem that the implantation of the probe damages the microenvironment from which measurements are derived. In this study, we examined the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor mRNA and protein at the cellular level after implantation of a microdialysis probe into the dorsal hippocampus and found that 8 h after inserting the probe bFGF mRNA was markedly increased in a relatively large area centered around the probe, involving both the dorsal hippocampus and the overlying cerebral cortex, as revealed by radioactive in situ hybridization. Using nonradioactive in situ hybridization with digoxigenin-labelled riboprobes, combined with immunohistochemistry for glial fibrillary acidic protein we demonstrated that bFGF mRNA was exclusively increased in astrocytes at the probe insertion site. Using immunohistochemistry we also found that bFGF-like immunoreactivity was increased after implantation of the probe close to the lesion site, as shown by an increased number of bFGF immunoreactive nuclear glial profiles. These results provide evidence that the implantation of a microdialysis probe into the brain induces activation of bFGF gene expression in astrocytes associated with nuclear bFGF-like immunoreactivity. We conclude that lesion-induced effects have to be considered when evaluating microdialysis data, and that mechanical trauma to the brain will activate astroglial trophism, as seen from the increased density of astroglial profiles demonstrating bFGF mRNA and protein levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00228411
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of the mouse ren-2 gene in the small intestine is regulated by food intake (1993)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 424 (1993), S. 199-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Renin/angiotensin system ; Intestine ; Gene expression ; Starvation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The existence of a local renin/angiotensin system in the intestine of mammals is speculative despite the known importance of angiotensin II for water and electrolyte homeostasis. We demonstrate the presence of ren-2 transcripts in the small intestine of DBA/2 mice. The marked expression of the ren-2 gene is blunted tissue-specifically by starvation, corroborating a local renin/angiotensin system in this organ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00384342
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zona glomerulosa of the adrenal gland in a transgenic strain of rat: a morphologic and functional study (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 278 (1994), S. 21-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Adrenal cortex ; Renin-angiotensin system ; Steroidogenesis ; Electron microscopy ; Morphometry ; Rat, transgenic (mRen2) 27
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Transgenic rats for the murine Ren-2 gene display high blood pressure, low circulating levels of angiotensin II, and high renin content in the adrenal glands. Moreover, transgenic rats possess and increased aldosterone secretion (maximal from 6 to 18 weeks of age), paralleling the development of hypertension. To investigate further the cytophysiology of the adrenal glands of this strain of rats, we performed a combined morphometric and functional study of the zona glomerulosa of 10-week-old female transgenic rats. Morphometry did not reveal notable differences between zona glomerulosa cells of transgenic and age- and sex-matched Sprague-Dawley rats, with the exception of a marked accumulation of lipid droplets, in which cholesterol and cholesterol esters are stored. The volume of the lipid-droplet compartment underwent a significant decrease when transgenic rats were previously injected with angiotensin II or ACTH. Dispersed zona glomerulosa cells of transgenic rats showed a significantly higher basal aldosterone secretion, but their response to angiotensin II and ACTH was similar to that of Sprague-Dawley animals. Angiotensin II-receptor number and affinity were not dissimilar in zona glomerulosa cells of transgenic and Sprague-Dawley rats. These data suggest that the sustained stimulation of the adrenal renin-angiotensin system in transgenic animals causes an increase in the accumulation in zona glomerulosa cells of cholesterol available for steroidogenesis, as indicated by the expanded volume of the lipid-droplet compartment and the elevated basal steroidogenesis. However, the basal hyperfunction of the zona glomerulosa in transgenic animals does not appear to be coupled with an enhanced responsivity to its main secretagogues, at least in terms of aldosterone secretion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00305774
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zona glomerulosa of the adrenal gland in a transgenic strain of rat: a morphologic and functional study (1994)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 278 (1994), S. 21-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Adrenal cortex ; Renin-angiotensin system ; Steroidogenesis ; Electron microscopy ; Morphometry ; Rat ; transgenic (mRen2) 27
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Transgenic rats for the murine Ren-2 gene display high blood pressure, low circulating levels of angiotensin II, and high renin content in the adrenal glands. Moreover, transgenic rats possess an increased aldosterone secretion (maximal from 6 to 18 weeks of age), paralleling the development of hypertension. To investigate further the cytophysiology of the adrenal glands of this strain of rats, we performed a combined morphometric and functional study of the zona glomerulosa of 10-week-old female transgenic rats. Morphometry did not reveal notable differences between zona glomerulosa cells of transgenic and age- and sex-matched Sprague-Dawley rats, with the exception of a marked accumulation of lipid droplets, in which cholesterol and cholesterol esters are stored. The volume of the lipid-droplet compartment underwent a significant decrease when transgenic rats were previously injected with angiotensin II or ACTH. Dispersed zona glomerulosa cells of transgenic rats showed a significantly higher basal aldosterone secretion, but their response to angiotensin II and ACTH was similar to that of Sprague-Dawley animals. Angiotensin II-receptor number and affinity were not dissimilar in zona glomerulosa cells of transgenic and Sprague-Dawley rats. These data suggest that the sustained stimulation of the adrenal renin-angiotensin system in transgenic animals causes an increase in the accumulation in zona glomerulosa cells of cholesterol available for steroidogenesis, as indicated by the expanded volume of the lipid-droplet compartment and the elevated basal steroidogenesis. However, the basal hyperfunction of the zona glomerulosa in transgenic animals does not appear to be coupled with an enhanced responsivity to its main secretagogues, at least in terms of aldosterone secretion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00305774
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tissue distribution of angiotensinogen mRNA during experimental inflammation (1993)
    Springer
    Inflammation 17 (1993), S. 183-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2576
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract It has been proposed that angiotensinogen is an acute phase protein, because its plasma concentrations increase during some forms of acute inflammation. However, this is not a consistent finding. Furthermore, no specific function of circulating angiotensinogen in the inflammatory reaction is known. This may be different for extrahepatic synthesis of angiotensinogen, as the local generation of angiotensin II has been implicated in inflammation-related processes in some organs. We have therefore examined the expression of the angiotensinogen gene in liver and extrahepatic tissues under the influence of experimental inflammatory stimuli in comparison to the effects of dexamethasone. Dexamethasone (7 mg/kg intraperitoneally) induced a several-fold increase in angiotensinogen mRNA in liver, aorta, heart, adrenal, and a moderate increase in kidney, testis, and brain. Plasma concentrations of angiotensinogen,α 1,-acid glycoprotein, andα 2-macroglobulin increased, whereas albumin concentrations decreased. Lipopolysaccharide (500 μ/kg subcutaneously) stimulated angiotensinogen mRNA in hepatic, cardiac, renal, adrenal, and testicular tissues, but not in the brain. Plasma concentrations of angiotensinogen,α 1,-acid glycoprotein, andα 2-macroglobulin increased, those of albumin decreased. In turpentine-treated rats (5 ml/kg subcutaneously), angiotensinogen mRNA was reduced in liver and kidney; stimulated in adrenals, testis, and heart; and not influenced in the brain. Plasma concentiations of the acute phase proteins increased, whereas angiotensinogen and albumn decreased. It is concluded that hepatic and extrahepatic angiotensinogen gene expression seem to be regulated similarly by dexamethason and lipopolysaccharide. The different response to turpentine may reflect differences in the pattern of cytokines induced by turpentine or be associated with additional pharmacological effects of turpentine or its metabolites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00916104
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