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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytoskeletal Architecture of Dermal Chromatophores of the Freshwater Teleost Oryzias latipes (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Periodontology 2000 6 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0757
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Cytoskeletal construction of dermal chromatophores of Orgzias latipes was studied by immunofluorescence microscopy. A microtubule system was most prominent in melanophores where a large number of microtubules emanated from the center of the cell. Xanthophores had an arrangement basically similar to that of melanophores, though the radial pattern became more irregular in the peripheral region where intersecting wavy microtubules were quite frequent. Oval-shaped leucophores exhibited the least-developed microtubule system, where the limited number of microtubules formed a loose basket-like architecture. Intermediate filaments were ubiquitously present in all types of chromatophores and were found to be vimentin-immunoreactive. Examination of doubly-labeled cells indicated that vimentin filaments had similar distribution patterns with microtubules. Orderly arranged bundles of actin filaments were found only in xanthophores, while in melanophores and xanthophores, actin expression was diffuse without displaying a conspicuous filamentous organization. Colchicine treatment induced depolymerization of microtubules and retraction of dendrites in varying degrees in cells in culture and in situ. Melanophores in culture are very sensitive to the treatment while xanthophores appeared to be more resistant in respect to the maintenance of cell morphology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0749.1993.tb00624.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dermal and Epidermal Chromatophores of the Antarctic Teleost Trematomus bernacchii (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Periodontology 2000 3 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0757
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The physiological response and ultrastructure of the pigment cells of Trematomus bernacchii, an Antarctic teleost that lives under the sea ice north of the Ross Ice Shelf, were studied. In the integument, two types of epidermal chromatophores, melanophores and xanthophores, were found; in the dermis, typically three types of chromatophores—melanophores, xanthophores, and iridophores—were observed. The occurrence of epidermal xanthophore is reported for the first time in fish. Dermal melanophores and xanthophores have well-developed arrays of cytoplasmic microtubules. They responded rapidly to epinephrine and teleost melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) with pigment aggregation and to theophylline with pigment dispersion. Total darkness elicited pigment aggregation in the majority of dermal xanthophores of isolated scales, whereas melanophores remained dispersed under both light and dark conditions. Pigment organelles of epidermal and dermal xanthophores that translocate during the pigmentary responses are carotenoid droplets of relatively large size. Dermal iridophores containing large reflecting platelets appeared to be immobile.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0749.1990.tb00259.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation of pterinosomes and carotenoid granules in xanthophores of the teleost Oryzias latipes as revealed by the rapid-freezing and freeze-substitution method (1993)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 271 (1993), S. 81-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Xanthophores ; Pterinosomes ; Carotenoid vesicles ; Rapid-freezing ; Freeze-substitution ; Oryzias latipes (Teleostei)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The rapid-freezing and freeze-substitution method was applied for the ultrastructural study of the dermal chromatophores of a teleost, Oryzias latipes. The method was found to be suitable for preserving fragile membranous structures within melanophores and xanthophores. In addition, relatively high electron density in overall profile indicates that the procedure is effective in reducing the extraction of cytoplasmic ground substances that inevitably occurs during the process of conventional chemical fixation and the following dehydration. The improved ultrastructural images clearly show that the pterinosomes, the characteristic pigmentary organelles of xanthophores, are formed through several distinct developmental stages starting from the loose congregations of vesicles derived from the Golgi complex. The earlier stages of development are similar to those found in melanosome formation. Whereas carotenoid pigments in xanthophores in conventional aldehyde-osmium-fixed materials are found to be electrondense membrane-free particles, they are identified as membrane-bounded organelles in the present study. The envelope of these carotenoid vesicles does not exhibit a typical trilaminar structure but appears to be an extremely thin membrane. Carotenoid vesicles are, in most cases, in direct contact with the outer surface of tubular endoplasmic reticulum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00297544
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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