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  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Keywords: Retrograde transport ; Ciliary Neuronotrophic Factor ; expansor secundariorum ; sciatic nerve ; ciliary ganglion ; Nerve Growth Factor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have found that a CNTF-like molecule which supports ciliary and sympathetic neurons is not retrogradely transported in either sympathetic or parasympathetic nerves. The factor has an apparent Mr of 21 kDa, a pI of 4.9, and is present in peripheral nerves and smooth muscle of the chick. Our experiments indicate that CNTF-like activity does not accumulate on the distal side of ligated chickexpansor nerves. In contrast, there is a clear accumulation of NGF. The activity further differs from NGF in that it is not removed from a smooth muscle of the chick wing by innervating sympathetic fibers. Transection of these fibers does not lead to an accumulation of ciliary activity in theexpansor secundariorum muscle, suggesting that neurons do not actively deplete the muscle of factor by retrograde transport. Finally, recombinant CNTF or semi-purified preparations of CNTF-like activity labelled with125I were not transported to the ciliary ganglion of chicks following injection of biologically active material into the eye. Our results suggest either that endogenous CNTF does not act as a survival factorin vivo, or that retrograde transport is not a property inherent to all neuronotrophic molecules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-7381
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Previous studies from this laboratory have used antisera to aldehyde-conjugated ovalbumin to localize ovalbumin-like immunoreactivity within a subpopulation of sensory neurons. We have now combined retrograde tracing and immunohistochemical procedures to identify the tissues innervated by sensory neurons which are either immunoreactive or non-immunoreactive for ovalbumin. The fluorescent tracer Di-I was administered to feather follicles, flexor ulnar muscle, subdermis, expansor secundariorum, heart and liver and identified seven days later within corresponding dorsal root ganglia. Most neurons innervating the follicles had large cell somata, and fewer than 3% were immunoreactive for ovalbumin. In contrast, most sensory neurons projecting to subdermis, muscle and expansor secundariorum muscle were of a medium diameter. Approximately 25% of those neurons projecting to the expansor secundariorum, and 60% projecting to the subdermis and muscle, were immunoreactive for ovalbumin. Sensory neurons innervating heart and liver were the smallest, and only 8% were immunoreactive for ovalbumin. The study indicates that sensory neurons innervating different organs have somata with significantly different sizes, suggesting a functional specificity. Moreover, neurons demonstrating either the ovalbumin-IR positive or negative phenotypes show distinct peripheral projections, suggesting that this phenotype may be at least partially controlled by retrograde signals derived from the cells they innervate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A method has been developed to raise an antiserum against ovalbumin that can detect this antigen immunohistochemically in chicken sensory ganglia. Ovalbumin-like immunoreactivity has been identified in a subpopulation of chicken dorsal root ganglion neurons by the generation of antibodies to aldehyde-conjugated ovalbumin but not by the antibodies to native ovalbumin, although both antibodies recognize the much higher concentrations of ovalbumin in sections of the oviduct. Biochemical analysis demonstrated that the antigen is more readily detectable in fixed tissue extracts than in fresh tissue extracts. Sensitive immunoblot analysis combined with affinity purification of the antigen, has confirmed that the antigen is of the same molecular weight as ovalbumin. Furthermore, the immunoreactive material elutes at a position identical to native ovalbumin on a molecular sieve column. These findings argue that molecules sensitive to aldehyde fixation may be more readily detected by the use of antisera prepared against aldehyde-modified antigens. The function of the ovalbumin-like antigen in these neurons is unknown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A method has been developed to raise an antiserum against ovalbumin that can detect this antigen immunohistochemically in chicken sensory ganglia. Ovalbumin-like immunoreactivity has been identified in a subpopulation of chicken dorsal root ganglion neurons by the generation of antibodies to aldehyde-conjugated ovalbumin but not by the antibodies to native ovalbumin, although both antibodies recognize the much higher concentrations of ovalbumin in sections of the oviduct. Biochemical analysis demonstrated that the antigen is more readily detectable in fixed tissue extracts than in fresh tissue extracts. Sensitive immunoblot analysis combined with affinity purification of the antigen, has confirmed that the antigen is of the same molecular weight as ovalbumin. Furthermore, the immunoreactive material elutes at a position identical to native ovalbumin on a molecular sieve column. These findings argue that molecules sensitive to aldehyde fixation may be more readily detected by the use of antisera prepared against aldehyde-modified antigens. The function of the ovalbumin-like antigen in these neurons is unknown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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