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Preliminary results of the sheehan total knee prosthesis (1980)

Chen, S. C. ; Helal, B.

Springer

International orthopaedics 4 (1980), S. 67-71

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ISSN: 1432-5195

Keywords: Sheehan knee prosthesis ; Knee

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Medicine

Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les auteurs présentent une revue de 50 genoux, chez 42 malades, opérés entre août 1973 et novembre 1976. Après de bons résultats initiaux, sont apparus divers problèmes. Les complications provenant de fautes dans le dessin de la prothèse, dans le choix des malades et du fait d'obstacle techniques sont analysées. Ce type de prothèse ne convient pas aux malades dont les genoux sont très instables et déformés. La crête médiane de polyéthylène à haute densité de la pièce tibiale n'est pas suffisamment forte pour résister aux contraintes en valgus ou en varus. La correction totale du valgus, du varus ou du flessum est essentielle pour éviter les complications tardives. La déformation associée en rotation externe des genoux ayant un important valgus doit être totalement corrigée si l'on veut éviter la survenue d'une luxation de la rotule. En conclusion, à l'heure actuelle, les prothèse avec et sans charnière ont toutes deux une place dans l'arthroplastie totale du genou.

Notes: Summary A review of 50 knees in 42 patients operated upon between August, 1973 and November, 1976 is presented. Following initial good results, problems have been encountered with the passage of time. Complications due to design faults, selection, and technical pitfalls are analysed. Patients who have grossly unstable and deformed knees are not suitable for this type of prosthesis. The high density polyethylene central flange in the tibial component is not strong enough to withstand valgus or varus forces. Full correction of valgus, varus, or flexion deformities is essential if late complications are to be avoided. Associated external rotation deformities in grossly valgus knees have to be fully corrected to prevent late dislocation of the patella. Our conclusion is that at present there is a place for both the hinged and hingeless type of prosthesis in total knee replacement.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00266606

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Regulation of hexose transport in rat myoblasts during growth and differentiation (1989)

Chen, S. R. ; Lo, T. C. Y.

New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Journal of Cellular Physiology 138 (1989), S. 338-348

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ISSN: 0021-9541

Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Biology , Medicine

Notes: We report here the effects of growth conditions and myogenic differentiation on rat myoblast hexose transport activities. We have previously shown that in undifferentiated myoblasts the preferred substrates for the high (HAHT)- and low (LAHT)-affinity hexose transport systems are 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) and 3-O-methyl-D-glucose (3-OMG), respectively. The present study shows that at cell density higher than 4.4 × 104 cells/cm2, the activities of both transport processes decrease with increasing cell densities of the undifferentiated myoblasts. Since the transport affinities are not altered, the observed decrease is compatible with the notion that the number of functional hexose transporters may be decreased in the plasma membrane. Myogenic differentiation is found to alter the 2-DG, but not the 3-OMG, transport affinity. The Km values of 2-DG uptake are elevated upon the onset of fusion and are directly proportional to the extent of fusion. This relationship between myogenesis and hexose transport is further explored by using cultures impaired in myogenesis. Treatment of cells with 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine abolishes not only myogenesis but also the myogenesis-induced change in 2-DG transport affinity. Similarly, alteration in 2-DG transport affinity cannot be observed in a myogenesis-defective mutant, D1. However, under myogenesis-permissive condition, the myogenesis of this mutant is also accompanied by changes in its 2-DG transport affinity. The myotube 2-DG transport system also differs from its myoblast counterpart in its response to sulfhydryl reagents and in its turnover rate. It may be surmised from the above observations that myogenesis results in the alteration of the turnover rate or in the modification of the 2-DG transport system. Although glucose starvation has no effect on myogenesis, it is found to alter the substrate specificity and transport capacity of HAHT. In conclusion, the present study shows that hexose transport in rat myoblasts is very sensitive to the growth conditions and the stages of differentiation of the cultures. This may explain why different hexose transport properties have been observed with myoblasts grown under different conditions.

Additional Material: 7 Ill.