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  • 1985-1989  (5)
  • 1905-1909  (2)
  • Allelopathy  (3)
  • General Chemistry  (2)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (1)
  • allelochemical
Material
Years
Year
Keywords
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 11 (1985), S. 65-72 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Bioassay ; Lemna minor ; allelochemical ; allelopathy ; duckweed
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Investigations in allelopathy often require the use of a bioassay for evaluating limited quantities of potentially active growth regulators. A bioassay procedure was developed usingL. minor grown in 1.5-ml aliquots of nutrient medium with and without allelochemicals in wells of 24-well tissue culture cluster dishes with loose-fitting lids. Tests using six replications per treatment with several flavonoid compounds and derivatives of coumarin, benzoic acid, and cinnamic acid demonstrated that the bioassay was capable of measuring inhibition at levels of compound ranging from 50 to 1000 μmol. Strongly inhibitory treatments were visible after 1 or 2 days. After 7 days of growth, frond number, growth rate, and dry weight were used to evaluate effects. The bioassay system is relatively simple, very sensitive, reproducible, and can be used for testing small amounts and dilute concentrations of unknowns which have been separated by chromatography.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 15 (1989), S. 951-960 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Allelopathy ; grain sorghum ; Sorghum bicolor ; weed inhibition ; weed management
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Three years of field data in northeastern Nebraska demonstrate that a grain sorghum crop reduces weediness in the following crop year. Weed growth was consistently lower in sorghum areas the year after strip-cropping fields with sequences of four-row bands of grain sorghum, soybeans, and corn. Percentage weed cover was significantly lower early in the year, and midsummer weed biomass was well below that found after corn and soybeans. Weed biomass in June and July following corn was two to four times that of grain sorghum strips. Inhibitory effects of grain sorghum were primarily on broadleaf weeds, often showing no action on grass weeds. No obvious differences were noted in the weed species present after the three crops. Allelopathy provides a logical explanation for the sorghum-mediated weed inhibition found in this study. The data have implications for weed management strategies in agriculture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 14 (1988), S. 1821-1828 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Allelopathy ; bioassay ; mechanism of action ; seed germination ; radicle growth ; seedling growth ; Lemna bioassay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The bioassay has been one of the most widely used tests to demonstrate allelopathic activity. Often, claims that a particular plant species inhibits the growth of another are based entirely on the seed germination response to solvent extracts of the suspected allelopathic plant; few of these tests are of value in demonstrating allelopathy under natural conditions. The veracity of the bioassay for evaluating naturally occurring compounds for phytotoxicity depends upon the physiological and biochemical response capacity of the bioassay organism and the mechanism(s) of action of the allelochemicals. The possibility that more than one allelochemical, acting in concert at very low concentrations, may be responsible for an observed allelopathic effect makes it imperative that bioassays be extremely sensitive to chemical growth perturbation agents. Among the many measures of phytotoxicity of allelochemicals, the inhibition (or stimulation) of seed germination, radicle elongation, and/or seedling growth have been the parameters of choice for most investigations. Few of these assays have been selected with the view towards the possible mechanism of the allelopathic effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant and soil 98 (1987), S. 99-109 
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: Allelopathy ; Ferulic acid ; Magnesium ; Mineral content ; Phosphorus ; PotassiumSorghum bicolor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Two week old sorghum seedlings (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) were treated with ferulic acid added to the nutrient solution. Effects on tissue concentration of P, K, Mg, Ca, Fe, and Zn were evaluated after 3 and 6 days. Treatemnts of 0.25 mM ferulic acid approximated the growth inhibition threshold, and after 6 days 0.5 mM treated plants weighed less than controls. Both treatments reduced the P content of the roots and shoots at the 3- and 6-day harvests in three replicate experiments. Roots of treated plants at both harvests had a lower concentration of K and Mg. These reductions in P, K, and Mg were most extensive from the 0.5 mM ferulic acid regime. In some cases at both harvests, shoot K was lower and Mg was higher than control tissue. Ferulic acid effects at the 3-day harvest included an elevation of Ca and depression of Fe in shoots. Changes in nutrient content preceded measurable differences in plant weight. These data indicate that one mechanism of growth inhibition by this allelochemical may be an alteration of nutrient balance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 25 (1987), S. 439-442 
    ISSN: 0749-1581
    Keywords: 13C NMR ; Phase anomalies ; Echoes Sampling effects ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Some controversy exists on the origin(s) of phase anomalies observed in 13C FT NMR spectra. Two separate explanations, based on either echo or sampling effects, have been proposed by previous workers. We now show experimentally that these two effects can occur separately or together and, in the latter case, the effects can interfere with one another. Methods to ameliorate or remove phase anomalies are briefly reviewed.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 20 (1907), S. 258-262 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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