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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 94 (1985), S. 93-101 
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Infant skull fractures ; Biomechanical fragility ; Battered child syndrome ; Schädelfraktur, Säuglinge ; Biomechanische Fragilität ; Kindesmißhandlung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In Fortführung früherer experimenteller, postmortaler Schädelbruchverletzungen von Säuglingen nach Stürzen aus 82 cm Höhe wurden weitere 35 Sturzversuche durchgeführt, so daß insgesamt Ergebnisse von 50 Fällen vorliegen. Bei je 5 Sturzversuchen auf harten Untergrund — (Steinkachelboden, Teppichboden und Linol-Schaumstoff) — waren in allen Fällen Kalottenfrakturen entstanden. Bei den 35 Sturzvorgängen auf weich gepolsterten Untergrund — (Schaumstoffmatte, Kamelhaardecke) — traten bei 5 Fällen gleichartige Frakturen auf, die im Os parietale lokalisiert waren. In dieser Region besteht bis zum späten Säuglingsalter wegen primärer Einschichtigkeit der Ossifikation, noch fehlender Diploe und Vaskularisation eine besondere Prädilektionszone für Bruchverletzungen nach stumpfer Gewalt, insbesondere bei Sturz auf den Kopf. Diese Untersuchungsergebnisse haben somit bestätigt, daß nach angeblichen Sturzvorgängen aus Wickeltischhöhe die Annahme der Unversehrtheit des Säuglingsschädels nicht berechtig ist.
    Notes: Summary Following previous experiments on postmortem skull fractures of infants, falls from 82-cm heights onto stone (A), carpet (B) and foam-backed linoleum (C), 35 further falling tests were carried out onto softly cushioned ground. In 10 cases a 2-cm thick foam rubber mat (D) was chosen and in 25 further cases a double-folded (8-cm-thick) camel hair blanket (E). Hence the results of altogether 50 tests could be evaluated. In test groups A–C on a relatively hard surface, skull fractures of the parietale were observed in every case; in test group D this fracture was seen in one case and in test group E in four cases. Measurements along the fracture fissures showed bone thicknesses of 0.1–0.4 mm. The fracture injuries originated in paper-thin single-layer bone areas without diploe, which can also be considered the preferred regions for skull fractures of older infants following falls from low heights. These results indicate that it is no longer possible to assume that the skull of infants is not damaged after falls from table height.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 29 (1988), S. 487-497 
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: Alloy ; oxidation ; platinum ; palladium ; rhodium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The surfaces of Pt-45Pd-10Rh foils oxidized over the range 875–1075 K in a 20% O2-Ar mixture at atmospheric pressure were examined by Auger electron, X-ray photoelectron, and Raman spectroscopy. The composition of the oxide formed on the surface was found to vary with temperature from predominantly PdO at 875 K to PdRhO2 at 1075 K. Only a few atomic percent Pt was observed, present in both the metallic and (apparently) +1 oxidation states at 875 K and in the metallic state at 1075 K. The formation of PdRhO2 (and no Rh2O3) at 1075 K was found to persist upon reoxidation following a low-temperature reduction cycle in which the increased Rh concentration on the surface was retained. An oxidation-induced Rh enrichment of the surface of the alloy foil beyond 50 at. % does not appear likely within the temperature/pressure regime investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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