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Micropropagation of floribunda, ground cover and miniature roses (1989)

Douglas, Gerard C. ; Rutledge, Clare B. ; Casey, Angela D. ; [et al.]

Springer

Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 19 (1989), S. 55-64

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ISSN: 1573-5044

Keywords: rose ; meristem culture ; micropropagation ; root production ; long-term cultures

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract Cultures were initiated from meristems (0.5 mm) of the rose cultivar Queen Elizabeth (floribunda) and from both shoot-tips and nodal explants (3–5 mm) of cultivars Sunburst Red, Toy Clown (miniatures) and Fiona (ground cover). Average proliferations of 5.0, 3.1, 1.3 and 2.5 shoots were obtained per culture cycle respectively on Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium with BA (1.0 mg l-1), NAA (0.1 mg l-1) and GA3 (0.1 mg l-1). With cv. Fiona, the proliferation rate was more than doubled by removal of the shoot apex. The rate of proliferation of cv. Queen Elizabeth was significantly increased by using long shoots (〉2 cm in length) and by re-culturing shoots to fresh medium every 3 weeks. In vitro rooting percentage with cv. Queen Elizabeth was enhanced by using long shoots (〉2 cm) and by dilution of MS medium to 1/4 strength. Transfer of shoots for direct rooting in compost was significantly improved by pre-culturing shoots for two weeks in vitro in media containing IAA, and by the use of sorbarods.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00037776

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Architecture of the masticatory apparatus in eastern raccoons (Procyon lotor lotor) (1986)

Gorniak, Gerard C.

New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

American Journal of Anatomy 176 (1986), S. 333-351

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ISSN: 0002-9106

Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Medicine

Notes: The structure and function of the masticatory apparatus of raccoons resemble those found in carnivores. In this study, the architecture of the skull, dentition, and masticatory apparatus is described, and a model is proposed that suggests a mechanism used by raccoons to reduce different foods. The model suggests that (1) jaw movements are similar to those of cats, (2) the posterior regions of the superficial and deep parts of the temporalis and the anterior region of the medial pterygoid generate horizontal jaw movements, and (3) the anterior portions of the superficial and deep temporalis as well as portions of the masseteric complex generate vertical closing movement. The distributions of slow, fast fatigable, and fast fatigue-resistant fibers for the temporalis and masseteric complex are related to the possible actions of these muscles during mastication, as are the regional cross-sectional areas of the masticatory muscles.

Additional Material: 8 Ill.