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  • 1
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: MPTP ; MPDP+ ; MPP+ ; substantia nigra ; nigrostriatal neurons ; neurotoxin ; dopamine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Unilateral intranigral administration of the oxidative metabolites of 1-methyl-4-pheny1-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), 1-methyi-4-phenyl-dihydropyridine (MPDP+) or l-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+) produced dose-dependently a depletion of dopamine in the ipsilateral striatum of rats two weeks following treatment.d- Amphetamine and apomorphine induced circling toward the lesioned side in these unilaterally treated animals. No contralateral circling behavior was observed after challenging with apomorphine. This dopamine lesioning effect of MPP+ was not blocked by pretreatment of animals with a dopamine uptake blocker, GBR 12909. Furthermore, MPP+ increased the45Ca accumulation into cells at the site of injection and produced “nonspecific” cell membrane and/or cytotoxic damage seen by histological procedures. These results indicate that MPDP+ and MPP+ produced localized cytotoxic damage to nigrostriatal neurons, caused a decrease in striatal dopamine, and disrupted the nigrostriatal system's functioning following intranigral administration to rats. It is postulated that the cationic surfactant properties of MPDP+ and MPP+ might contribute to its neurotoxic effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 565 (1988), S. 181-191 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Change of Microstructure During the Hydration of Mono Calcium Aluminate at 50°CThe course of hydration of mono calcium aluminate at 50°C is characterized by periods of different reaction rates. Measuring the change of specific surface area, heat evolution, degree of hydration and by chemical analysis of the liquid phase it is shown that this behaviour has to be attributed to the formation of a primary reaction layer on the surface of the CaO · Al2O3 in the first stage of hydration. At later times, due to conversion and crystallization processes, the reaction rate is influenced by changes of the microstructure of the shell of hydration products covering the CaO · Al2O3 grains.
    Notes: Der Verlauf der Hydratation des Monocalciumaluminats bei 50°C ist gekennzeichnet durch Perioden unterschiedlicher Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit. Durch Verfolgung der Oberflächen- und Wärmeentwicklung, des Umsatzes sowie durch Analyse der entstehenden Lösungsphase wird gezeigt, daß dieses Verhalten in der Anfangsphase der Reaktion mit der Ausbildung einer primären Reaktionsschicht auf der Oberfläche des CaO · Al2O3 erklärbar ist. Zu späteren Zeiten wird die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit durch Veränderungen der Mikrostruktur der das CaO · Al2O3-Korn umschließenden Hülle der Hydratationsprodukte beeinflußt, die in Umwandlungs- und Kristallisationsvorgängen begründet sind.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 547 (1987), S. 133-141 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Course of Hydration of CaO · Al2O3 in the Primary StatesThe change of specific surface area, analysis of liquid phase and differential calorimetric analysis have been used to study the primary hydration of CaO · Al2O3. It is shown that the primary course of the hydration is attributed to the formation and change of a reaction layer on the surface of the monocalcium aluminate.
    Notes: Durch Verfolgung der Oberflächenentwicklung bei der Reaktion von CaO · Al2O3 mit Wasser, die chemische Analyse der entstehenden Lösungsphase sowie durch differentialcalorimetrische Untersuchungen wird gezeigt, daß der primäre Verlauf der Hydratation durch die Ausbildung und Veränderung einer Reaktionsschicht auf der Oberfläche des Monocalciumaluminats erklärbar ist.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 567 (1988), S. 145-152 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Characterization of Non-Framework Aluminium in Zeolites Y by the Ferron MethodBy using the ferron method it is shown that the non-framework aluminium occuring in dealuminated zeolites Y exists in form of different kinds of Al-oxo-hydroxo-species. At the beginning of dealumination (673 K) besides polymeric species with relatively low degree of polymerization monomeric and a special kind of oligomeric cations occur. These special cations alter into a mixture of oligomeric species with increasing temperature of dealumination (813 K). Simultaneously the degree of polymerization of the polymeric species increases.
    Notes: Mit der Ferronmethode wird gezeigt, daß das in thermisch behandelten Y-Zeolithen auftretende Extragitter-Aluminium aus unterschiedlichen Arten von Al-oxo-hydroxo-Spezies besteht. Am Anfang der Dealuminierung (673 K) liegen neben monomeren spezielle oligomere Kationen vor; gleichzeitig werden aber auch polymere Spezies mit relativ niedrigem Polymerisationsgrad gebildet. Mit steigender Temperatur der thermischen Behandlung (813 K) entsteht aus den oligomeren Teilchen ein Gemisch niedermolekularer Kationen. Die polymeren Spezies unterliegen dabei einer Veränderung im Sinne einer zunehmenden Kondensation bzw. Polymerisation.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 26 (1988), S. 1047-1050 
    ISSN: 0749-1581
    Keywords: Aluminium-27 ; Aluminae ; NMR ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 27Al chemical shift, line widths and intensities have been measured for a series of sodium aluminate solutions with a range of sodium and aluminium concentrations. The aluminium is present entirely as the anion [Al(OH)4]- in all but the most concentrated solutions, where intensity is lost owing to the formation of species with very broad lines. The viscosities of the solutions were also measured and it was shown that these accounted to a great extent for the observed changes in line width, so that the unusually wide lines seen in the most concentrated solutions cannot be said to arise from dimeric species.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Basic Aluminium Salts and their Solutions. VI. Preparation and Characterization of a Water-soluble Al13O40 ChlorideThe water-soluble chloride is prepared from the sparingly soluble basic aluminium sulfate [Al13O4(OH)25(H2O)11](SO4)3 · xH2O by reaction with barium chloride. From kinetic and 27Al NMR measurements is concluded, that the solid chloride as well as its aqueous solution contain exclusively the Al13O40 cation. It is shown by differential thermal analysis that the solid chloride includes water in different linkage.
    Notes: Aus dem in Wasser schwer löslichen basischen Aluminiumsulfat [Al13O4(OH)25(H2O)11](SO4)3 · xH2O wird durch Umsetzung mit Bariumchlorid das gut wasserlösliche Chlorid hergestellt. Aus kinetischen Untersuchungen und 27Al-Kernresonanz-Messungen wird geschlossen, daß sowohl das feste basische Chlorid als auch seine wäßrige Lösung ausschließlich das Al13O40-Kation enthalten. Die Differentialthermoanalyse des festen Chlorids zeigt, daß Wasser in unterschiedlichen Bindungszuständen vorliegt.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Basic Aluminium Salts and their Solutions. VII. Influence of Preparation, Concentration, and Aging on the Constitution of Solutions of Basic Aluminium Salts0.1 to 4 molar basic aluminium chloride solutions - prepared by dissolving aluminium metal in substoichiometric quantities of hydrochloric acid and 10-4 to 0.2 molar basic solutions of aluminium chloride and perchlorate - prepared by adding alkali to the solutions of the neutral salts were investigated for the kinetics of their reactions with ferrone and by 27Al NMR spectroscopy. In all solutions the contents of polymeric species decreases at equal basicity with increasing aluminium concentration. On the other hand the Al13O40 complex is only formed in solutions prepared by addition of alkali. The differences of composition are confirmed by the aging behaviour of the solutions.
    Notes: 0,1 bis 4 molare basische Aluminiumchloridlösungen - hergestellt durch Auflösen von metallischem Aluminium in unterstöchiometrischen Mengen an Salzsäure und 10-4 bis 0,2 molare basische Lösungen von Aluminiumchlorid und -perchlorat - hergestellt durch Zugabe von Lauge zu den Lösungen der neutralen Salze werden in ihrem kinetischen Verhalten gegen Ferron und durch 27Al-Kernresonanz-Messungen untersucht. In allen Lösungen nimmt der Anteil an polymeren Teilchen bei gleichem Basizitätsgrad mit steigender Aluminiumkonzentration ab. Dagegen bildet sich nur in den durch Zugabe von Lauge hergestellten Lösungen der Al13O40-Komplex. Die unterschiedliche Zusammensetzung der Lösungen gibt sich auch in ihrem Alterungsverhalten zu erkennen.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Basic Aluminium Salts and their Solutions. XII. Comparative Studies of Basic Aluminium Chloride Solutions Prepared in Different WaysBasic aluminum chloride solutions were prepared from solutions of the neutral salt by adding alkali or by dissolution of metallic aluminum. The solutions prepared by both methods contain monomeric, tridecameric, and polymeric aluminum cations, as was shown by the ferrone method and by 27Al NMR spectroscopy. The formation of tridecameric ions is favoured by low temperature, low basicity, and in diluted solution; at higher temperatures and basicities they are transformed to polymeric and monomeric forms.
    Notes: Basische Aluminiumchloridlösungen wurden aus Lösungen des neutralen Salzes durch Zugabe von Lauge bzw. Auflösen von metallischem Aluminium hergestellt. Ihre Untersuchung mit der Ferronmethode und der 27Al-Kernresonanz ergab in den Lösungen beider Darstellungsarten monomere, tridekamere und polymere Aluminiumkationen. Die tridekameren Ionen bilden sich bevorzugt bei niedriger Temperatur, geringen Basizitätsgraden und in verdünnter Lösung. Bei höheren Temperaturen und Basizitätsgraden werden sie in polymere und monomere Aluminiumformen umgewandelt.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 337 (1965), S. 238-253 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Out of the Ba aluminates described up to the present, the existence of following compounds has been verified: BaO · Al2O3, 3 BaO · Al2O3, BaO · Al2O3 · 7 H2O, ∼1,1 BaO · Al2O3 · ∼6 H2O, α-BaO · Al2O3 · 4 H2O, α-BaO · Al2O3 · 2 H2O, ∼1,1 BaO · Al2O3 · H2O, 2 BaO · Al2O3 · 5 H2O, and 3 BaO · Al2O3 · (7-11) H2O. In addition, two new hydrates, β-BaO · Al2O3 · 4 H2O and β-BaO · Al2O3 · 2 H2O, have been prepared. Due to their chemical properties the 7- and β-4-hydrate are supposed to be Ba[Al(OH)4]2 · 3 H2O and Ba[Al(OH)4]2, respectively; the ∼1,1 BaO · Al2O3 · ∼6 H2O is formulated as [BaO · Al2O3 · 6 H2O] · (0,1-0,2) [Ba(OH)2 · H2O]. The relationships of all these compounds are investigated and described.
    Notes: Von den bisher in der Literatur beschriebenen Ba-Aluminaten und Ba-Aluminathydraten wird die Existenz der Verbindungen BaO · Al2O3, 3 BaO Al2O3, BaO · Al2O3 · 7 H2O, ∼1,1 BaO · Al2O3 · ∼6 H2O, α-BaO · Al2O3 · 4 H2O, α-BaO · Al2O3 · 2 H2O, ∼1,1 BaO ∼ Al2O3 · H2O, 2 BaO · Al2O3 · 5 H2O und 3 BaO · Al2O3 · (7-11) H2O bestätigt und ein β-BaO · Al2O3 · 4 H2O sowie ein β-BaO · Al2O3 · 2 H2O erstmalig hergestellt. Für das 7- und das β-4-Hydrat werden auf Grund ihrer Eigenschaften die Formeln Ba[Al(OH)4]2 · 3 H2O und Ba[Al(OH)4]2, für das ∼1,1 BaO · Al2O3 · ∼6 H2O die Formel [BaO· Al2O3 · 6 H2O] · (0,1-0,2) [Ba(OH)2 · H2O] vorgeschlagen. Die gegenseitigen Beziehungen dieser Substanzen werden untersucht und dargestellt.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 486 (1982), S. 193-199 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Coordination of Al in the Calcium Aluminate Hydrates 2 CaO · Al2O3 · 8 H2O and CaO · Al2O3 · 10 H2OBy investigations with high-resolution 27Al-NMR in solids it is shown that in the compound 2 CaO · Al2O3 · 8 H2O the Al merely exist in octahedral coordination. According to this and considering its structural relationship with 4 CaO · Al2O3 · 19 H2O the dicalcium aluminate hydrate is proposed to be formulated as [Ca2Al(OH)6][Al(OH)3 (H2O)3]OH. Likewise for the compound CaO · Al2O3 · 10 H2O the octahedral coordination of the Al is proved by 27Al-NMR. This result corresponds with literature according to which a constitution as cyclohexaaluminate Ca3[Al6(OH)24] · 18 H2O is proposed.
    Notes: Durch Messungen mit der hochauflösenden 27Al-NMR im Festkörper wird gezeigt, daß das Al in der Verbindung 2 CaO · Al2O3 · 8 H2O lediglich in oktaedrischer Koordination vorliegt. Davon ausgehend wird - unter Berücksichtigung seiner strukturellen Verwandtschaft zum 4 CaO · Al2O3 · 19 H2O - vorgeschlagen, das Dicalciumaluminathydrat als [Ca2Al(OH)6][Al(OH)3 · (H2O)3]OH zu formulieren. Für die Verbindung CaO · Al2O3 · 10 H2O wird durch 27Al-NMR-Messungen gleichfalls oktaedrische Koordination des Al nachgewiesen. Dieses Ergebnis ist in Übereinstimmung mit Literaturangaben, wonach eine Konstitution als Cyclohexaaluminat gemäß Ca3[Al6 · (OH)24] · 18 H2O möglich erscheint.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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