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  • 1985-1989  (4)
  • Engineering  (2)
  • electrolytes  (2)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Borates ; thermodynamics ; electrolytes ; Harned cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Potentials for the cell without liquid juction $$H_2 ,Pt|B(OH)_3 (m_1 ),NaB(OH)_4 (m_2 ),MCl_2 (m_3 )|AgCl,Ag$$ with M=Ca2+ or Mg2+ are reported over a range of ionic strength at 5, 15, 25, 35, 45, and 55°C. Parameters of Pitzer's ion interaction treatment are determined for Ca(B(OH)4)2 and Mg(B(OH)4)2 by fitting to the cell results. Apparent association of alkaline earth borates to form the monovalent species CaB(OH) 4 + and MgB(OH) 4 + makes it necessary to use the extended β(2) form of the ion interaction treatment to represent the potentials reported here. Trace activity coefficients of calcium and magnesium borates are tabulated at various temperatures and ionic strengths. The association constants for ion pair formation implied by the values of β(2) for these salts are compared with ion pair formation constants available in the literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Borates ; aqueous ; thermodynamics ; electrolytes ; Harned cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Potentials for the cell without liquid junction $$H_2 ,Pt\backslash B(OH)_3 (m_1 ), MB(OH)_4 (m_2 ), MCl(m_3 )\backslash AgClAg$$ where M is sodium or potassium are reported over a range of ionic strength to I=3 mol-kg−1 at 5 to 55°C. Total boron concentration in the solutions was restricted to low levels to minimize formation of polynuclear boron species. Cell potentials are treated with the Pitzer ion interaction treatment for mixed electrolytes, with linear ionic strength dependence assumed for the activity coefficient of undissociated boric acid. Trace activity coefficients of sodium and potassium borates in chloride media are calculated at various temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1841-1848 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: In this paper, the effects of selecting initial vectors on computation efficiency for a subspace iteration method are investigated. Four algorithms are used for selecting the initial vectors. First, arbitrary starting iteration vectors are chosen according to Bathe and Wilson's algorithm.1 In the other algorithms, the initial vectors are the retrieved eigenvectors from the Guyan and quadratic reduction methods. Improvement of the eigenvalue approximations of the subspace iteration method over reduction methods is presented. The computation effort is examined for the various algorithms used for initial iteration vectors.
    Additional Material: 8 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 26 (1988), S. 2305-2318 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper describes the way in which an unsymmetric block Lanczos algorithm can be employed for approximate eigensolutions or dynamic response solutions for large systems having arbitrary damping and/or repeated (or closely spaced) eigenvalues. To reduce a square, unsymmetric matrix which may have repeated eigenvalues to block-tridiagonal form, an unsymmetric block Lanczos algorithm is developed. Right and left Lanczos vectors, generated by the reduction process, are employed to define the reduced-order model based on a discrete analytical model of general linear, time-invariant dynamic systems. A special type of starting vector is also introduced, which automatically includes the static displacement. This reduced-order model is employed to compute approximate eigenvalues/vectors and dynamic responses of the original system. To verify the proposed algorithm, examples of an 8-DOF beam-rotor system are provided for eigensolutions and dynamic responses due to step and random external forces. These examples showed promising results, indicating that the proposed algorithm is worthy of further study.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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