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  • 1985-1989  (2)
  • Patch-clamp  (1)
  • Proinsulin  (1)
  • non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Proinsulin ; insulin ; C-peptide ; identical twins ; Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Glucose tolerance and insulin secretion were studied in two groups of non-diabetic identical twins of recently-diagnosed Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients: (1) a group of 5 twins with islet cell antibodies, and (2) a group of 6 twins without. Despite similar fasting glucose, insulin and C-peptide concentrations both groups of twins had significantly higher fasting proinsulin concentrations than the control group (p〈0.05). The twins with complement-fixing islet cell antibodies had reduced glucose tolerance and clearance, whilst the twins without islet cell antibodies did not. Neither group of twins showed any abnormality in insulin, C-peptide or proinsulin response to oral or intravenous glucose. We conclude that increased fasting proinsulin levels precede abnormalities of insulin secretion, and are an early indication of minor B-cell damage in these twins irrespective of their risk of developing diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Cultured central neurones ; ATP-sensitive ; Patch-clamp ; Ion channels
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract ATP-sensitive channels were observed in isolated inside-out membrane patches from rat cultured central neurones. Two types of ATP-sensitive K+ channels were present in cortical neurones, one which had its open-state probability increased, the other its open-state probability decreased by application of ATP to the cytoplasmic membrane surface. Another, ATP-sensitive channel differing in ion conductance from all previously reported ATP-sensitive channels was also seen in patches from cortical neurones. This channel was noselective with respect to Na+, K+ and Cl− ions and ATP produced a “flickery” type of block. The non-hydrolysable analogue, AMPPNP, did not mimic ATP and prevented ATP action Preliminary experiments indicate that similar, but not, identical ATP-sensitive channels exist in cerebellar neurones
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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