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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Hairy cell leukemia ; Lymphoblastoid type ; IFNα ; Surface marker
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary More than 50 patients with hairy-cell leukaemia have now been entered into the British Wellferon (IFN) study, at different centres under the coordination of the Wellcome Research Laboratories. While the treatment duration and dosage varied between patients, the initial dose was usually 3 megaunits daily by intramuscular or subcutaneous injection. Although flu-like symptoms and mild somnolence were commonly experienced side-effects, cessation of IFN treatment as a result of such effects was necessary in only three patients. All patients irrespective of previous treatment showed some response and a complete (〈 5% hairy cells, HCs) bone marrow response was observed in 17. The degree of response was related to the duration of therapy. Immunological markers showed that there was no apparent increase in natural killer (NK) cells and no return of normal B lymphocytes. Light-chain-restricted B cells became reduced in parallel with the disappearance of morphological HCs. Absolute numbers of T cells were reduced, Leu2a+ preferentially, resulting in an increase in helper/suppressor ratios. The ratios (saturation index, SI) of saturated to unsaturated 18 carbon fatty acids (C18FA) of erythrocyte or leukocyte membranes, while abnormal in untreated patients, approached normal levels during IFN therapy. It is concluded that prolonged αIFN therapy is highly effective in HCL. The mechanism of action of IFN remains unknown, but indirect surface-marker data favours a direct effect on HCs.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Über 50 Patienten mit gesicherter Diagnose einer Haarzelleukämie wurden in eine multizentrische Studie aufgenommen, die von den Wellcome Research Labaratories koordiniert wurde. Die Patienten erhielten initial 3 Mio i.E. IFN-α (lymphoblastoides IFN-α) subcutan oder intramuskulär. Nach Erreichen einer Remission wurden Behandlungsdauer und IFN-Dosis in verschiedenen Patienten variiert. Grippeähnliche Symptome und Apathie waren häufige Nebenwirkungen der Behandlung, die jedoch in nur 3 Fällen zum Absetzen der Therapie zwangen. Alle Patienten besserten sicher unter IFN-α. In 17 Patienten wurde eine komplette Remission, mit weniger als 3% Haarzellen im Knochenmark) beobachtet. Das Ausmaß der Remissionen (minimal, partiell, komplett) korrelierte mit der Behandlungsdauer. Analysen der Oberflächenmuster der aus den Patienten gewonnenen peripheren Blutlymphozyten zeigten während der Therapie einen Anstieg weder der NK-Zellen noch der normalen B-Lymphozyten. Die Zahl der Lichtketten-positiven B-Zellen nahm parallel mit der Reduktion der morphologisch identifizierten Haarzellen ab. Die absolute Zahl der CD-8 positiven T-Zellen sank, in geringerem Ausmaß auch die Zahl der CD-4 positiven Zellen. Dies führte zu einem Anstieg der Ratio der Helfer/Suppressor-Zellen. Das Verhältnis gesättigter gegenüber ungesättigter Fettsäuren (C18F9) in Erythrozyten- und Leukozytenmembranen — vor Therapie abnormal niedrig — normalisierte sich unter Behandlung. Die Daten zeigen, daß eine langandauernde IFN-α Behandlung bei der Haarzelleukämie hochwirksam ist. Der Wirkungsmechanismus von IFN in dieser Erkrankung ist nicht geklärt, die Ergebnisse der Oberflächenmarkeranalysen lassen jedoch einen direkten Effekt des IFNes auf die Haarzellen vermuten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our previous studies have demonstrated a desaturation of stearic acid related to oleic acid in the lipid layer of erythrocytes in patients with malignancies. This study investigated the stearic acid desaturation in red blood cell membranes of rats during the induction of colorectal tumours. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected weekly with dimethylhydrazine (DMH) and sacrificed at 4-week intervals. Blood was withdrawn via heart puncture, collected in EDTA bottle and erythrocytes separated by centrifugation. Total lipid extraction was carried out and analysed with gas liquid chromatography. In the control rats (injected with normal saline) the mean of the stearic to oleic acid ratio in erythrocyte membranes was 2.0±0.3 (n=28, range 1.51–2.62) compared to a mean of 0.94±0.16 (n=0.5–1.23) in tumour bearing rats (p〈 0.001). The increased desaturation occurred in parallel with appearance of tumours. These data suggest the regulation of stearic acid desaturation is an important adaptive mechanism of membrane fluidity and could be a useful chemical marker for malignancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Leukaemia ; Fatty acids ; Desaturation ; Malignancy marker
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Total lipid extracts of peripheral blood cells from patients with chronic leukaemias were analysed for relative values of saturation of the eighteen carbon chain length fatty acids (C 18 FA). The results are expressed as saturation index (C 18 S:C 18 U) of the saturated C 18 FA (stearic acid) over the unsaturated C 18 FA (oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids). The saturation indices of the white blood cells (WBC) and the red blood cells (RBC) in specimens from 14 patients with chronic granulocytic leukaemia (CGL) and 17 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemias (CLL) were significantly and consistently lower than control specimens. It is proposed that the relative increase in the unsaturated oleic acid could prove to be a chemical marker of malignancy reflecting a deficient cellular control of the process of stearic acid desaturation. The theoretical implications of the implied increase in membrane fluidity for the cells are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 158 (1988), S. 161-164 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Scrophulariaceae ; Euphrasia ; Chromosome numbers ; Flora of Australia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Chromosome numbers for six Australian taxa ofEuphrasia have been determined. Improved staining techniques have shown that numbers for four of the taxa published previously by the first author were incorrect. The investigated taxa show high ploidy levels with an apparent base number of x = 11, the same as for the genus outside Australia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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