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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Metasomatised and veined upper-mantle xenoliths from Pello Hill, Tanzania: evidence for anomalously-light mantle beneath the Tanzanian sector of the East African Rift Valley (1988)
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 100 (1988), S. 510-527 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Peridotite xenoliths from the Pello tuff cone in the Rift Valley of northern Tanzania, bear witness to upper mantle veining and metasomatism. Veins of katungite composition, with an asthenospheric signature, have imposed K, Fe, Ti, OH and REE metasomatism upon previously depleted peridotite. Chemical and mineralogical gradients are present in the peridotite wall rocks, and hydrous phases developed in the peridotite are generally lower in Ti and Fe, but higher in Mg and Cr, than those in the veins. The metasomatism has reduced the density of affected peridotite by up to 4.5%, supporting earlier geophysical models for low-density mantle beneath the Rift Valley. Age constraints for the metasomatically-induced density decrease permit correlation with Recent faulting in the Rift Valley, but not with the major upwarp of the Kenya Dome in the late Tertiary.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00371380
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reduced sapphirine granulite xenoliths from the Lace Kimberlite, South Africa; implications for the deep structure of the Kaapvaal Craton (1987)
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 95 (1987), S. 376-383 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Sapphirine-bearing granulites, together with sapphirine-free granulites and eclogites, occur as xenoliths in the kimberlite of the Lace diatreme that penetrates the Kaapvaal craton, S. Africa. Absence of (calculated) Fe3+ in sapphirine, garnet and sillimanite, together with presence of graphite and sulphides, suggests highly reducing conditions of metamorphism. Chemical considerations and comparisons with experimental investigations suggest metamorphism of a sedimentary (?chlorite-montmorillonite) protolith at 900–1000° C and 〉 10 Kb; high Cr in the assemblage may point to a basic/ultrabasic precursor. The xenoliths indicate the presence of a very-high-grade granulite terrain, possibly similar to Enderby Land (Antarctica), beneath the Kaapval craton.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00371851
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coagulation of blood at the tip of optical fibres used for light delivery in photodynamic therapy (1989)
    Springer
    Lasers in medical science 4 (1989), S. 125-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-604X
    Keywords: Photodynamic therapy ; Diffusing fibre tips ; Interstitial light delivery ; Light dosimetry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Physics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Optimal delivery of light to the tumour is of considerable importance in photodynamic therapy. The most effective way of delivering laser light to the tumour tissue is through an implanted optical fibre. In order to investigate the possible effects taking place at the tips of fibres implanted in tissue, fibres were used to deliver light to human blood and the transmission of light by the blood was measured at different power levels. The maximum power level which could be delivered without charring or coagulation at the fibre tip was measured for five different fibres. Three plane cut fibres and two with 1.5 cm long diffusing tips were studied. Charring and coagulation, which resulted in practically no light being delivered more than 0.5 mm from the fibre tip, were observed at relatively low-output powers (70-130 mW) for all the plane-cut fibres. This is less than the level required to deliver a clinically useful dose in a reasonable time. In contrast, neither charring nor coagulation was observed at the diffusing tips for output powers up to 1.1 W and consequently these should be the fibres of choice for interstitial photodynamic therapy. Observed changes in light transmission through the blood with increasing output power indicate that, for accurate light dosimetry, a means of monitoring delivered light in vivo during photodynamic therapy is essential.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02032609
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analytical atomic spectroscopy in biology and medicine (1986)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 324 (1986), S. 463-471 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary This review presents selected aspects of atomic spectroscopy as used for the determination of elements in biological materials. The analytical techniques considered include sample preparation and element speciation, flame, furnace and plasma based methods for the determination of elements and analytical accuracy. Temporal trends in instrumentation and technique usage and in the elements determined are examined. It is concluded that techniques are available to determine most of the elements of current biological interest, the greatest challenge lies in identifying their biological function.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Dieser Überblick gibt ausgewählte Gesichtspunkte bei der atomspektroskopischen Bestimmung von Elementen in biologischem Material wieder. Die betrachteten Analysentechniken umfassen Probenvorbereitung und Speziation von Elementen, Flammen-, Ofen- und Plasmamethoden zur Elementbestimmung sowie die Frage der analytischen Richtigkeit. Weiterhin werden Entwicklungstendenzen beim Einsatz verschiedener Instrumentierungen und Techniken sowie bei der Auswahl der untersuchten Elemente aufgezeigt. Als Schlußfolgerung ergibt sich, daß mit den verfügbaren Methoden die Mehrzahl der biologisch interessanten Elemente bestimmt werden kann; dabei liegt die größte Herausforderung in der Aufklärung ihrer biologischen Wirkung.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00474118
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A method for the construction of disposable cylindrical diffusing fibre optic tips for use in photodynamic therapy (1989)
    Springer
    Lasers in medical science 4 (1989), S. 229-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-604X
    Keywords: Photodynamic therapy ; Cylindrical diffuser ; Interstitial treatment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Physics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract A simple method for the manufacture of disposable, cylindrical, diffusing fibre tips is described. The method is suitable for plastic clad silica fibres with core diameters in the range 200–600μm. Light diffusing tips up to 40 mm in length have been constructed. The method is highly reproducible, construction is typically less than five minutes and the financial cost is negligible. The diffusers are highly efficient, delivering an amount of light at least equal to that transmitted by a plane cut fibre of the same core diameter. The uniformity of light emission along the diffuser can be modified to meet the requirements of any given treatment. The diffusers have been successfully used in interstitial photodynamic therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02032452
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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