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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of deep level transient spectroscopy to metal-oxide-semiconductor relaxation transients (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 62 (1987), S. 576-581 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A method for determining minority carrier generation lifetimes and hold times in metal-oxide-semiconductor devices is presented. The technique overcomes some of the uncertainties inherent in the commonly used Zerbst lifetime measurement and can be used on very small devices. In the method a deep level transient spectroscopy system is used to separate generation currents of different activation energies, and to provide values for these energies, so indicating the source of the generation at a particular temperature. In the range where generation in the depletion region is dominant, the minority-carrier generation lifetime can be derived. In all cases the data can be directly related to the "hold'' time of a metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.339785
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A photoluminescence and Hall-effect study of GaSb grown by molecular-beam epitaxy (1986)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 59 (1986), S. 2895-2900 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Unintentionally doped gallium antimonide has been grown by molecular-beam epitaxy on gallium arsenide and gallium antimonide. Substrate temperatures in the range 480 to 620 °C and antimony to gallium flux ratios from 0.65 : 1 to 6.5 : 1 have been investigated. The deposition conditions have been related to growth morphology and to the electrical and optical properties of the epitaxial films. A strong correlation has been found between the quality of the layers and the degree of excess antimony flux; the best material in terms of both optical and electrical properties was obtained with the minimum antimony stable growth at a particular substrate temperature. All the material exhibited residual p-type behavior. The lowest hole concentration achieved was 7.8×1015 cm−3 with a corresponding room-temperature mobility of 950 cm2/V s. The narrowest PL (photoluminescence) features observed were peaks associated with bound exciton transitions with half-widths of 2–3 meV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.336948
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlation of morphologic brain lesions with physiologic alterations and blood-brain barrier impairment in 3-intropropionic acid toxicity in rats (1987)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 74 (1987), S. 67-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: 3-Nitropropionic acid ; Cerebral hypoxia ; Blood pressure determination ; Blood gas analysis ; Blood-brain barrier
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 3-Nitropropionic acid (NPA), a toxin which irreversibly inhibits the Krebs cycle enzyme succinate dehydrogenase, causes severe neurologic disease and a specific pattern of morphologic brain damage when given subcutaneously to rats. To determine whether hypotension or hypoxemia were necessary for development of morphologic brain lesions in NPA neurotoxicity, systemic blood pressure and arterial blood gases were measured in NPA-intoxicated rats. The extent and distribution of albumin extravasation was examined by immunohistochemistry, and was compared to the extent and severity of morphological injury in the caudate-putamen. Neither hypotension nor hypoxemia were necessary for the development of morphologic injury in the brains of NPA-intoxicated rats. In fact, intoxicated rats had significantly higher systolic blood pressure and arterial blood oxygen than did controls. Arterial bicarbonate and pH were significantly lower in intoxicated rats than controls, however, suggesting that acidosis may be involved in the pathogenesis of NPA toxicity. When morphologic injury was severe, albumin extravasation was extensive occupying approximately 30%–80% of the lesion area in the caudate-putamen of NPA-intoxicated rats. When morphologic injury was mild, albumin extravasation was absent, or limited to small cuffs around individual capillaries (〈1% of the lesion area). There was no leakage of albumin in the cerebral cortex, which was resistant to morphologic injury. It was concluded that leakage of protein-rich fluid into cerebral parenchyma from blood-brain barrier impairment is not responsible for the initiation of morphologic injury in NPA toxicity, but may contribute to the severity of injury later in the evolution of brain lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688340
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nature and distribution of brain lesions in rats intoxicated with 3-nitropropionic acid: A type of hypoxic (energy deficient) brain damage (1987)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 72 (1987), S. 286-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: 3-Nitropropionic acid ; Cerebral hypoxia ; Brain injury ; Microscopy ; Rats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The clinical signs and morphological brain lesions associated with histotoxic hypoxia induced by subcutaneous injection of 3-nitropropionic acid (NPA) in rats are described, and compared to hypoxic brain damage from other causes including ischemia and hypoglycemia. The brains were perfusion-fixed with paraformaldehyde/glutaraldehyde fixative, and examined by light and electron microscopy. Intoxicated rats developed severe neurological disease characterized by somnolence, uncoordinated gait with stereotypical paddling movements, and ventral or lateral recumbency. Recumbent rats had a selective, bilaterally symmetrical pattern of severe morphological injury in the caudate-putamen, hippocampus, and thalamus. Recumbency was a consistent indicator of the development of morphological brain lesions. In contrast to reports describing rat models of ischemia and hypoglycemia, morphological injury was not seen in the cerebral and cerebellar cortices of NPA-intoxicated rats. Ultrastructurally, neuronal alterations ranged from chromatin clumping with increased cytoplasmic lucency to severe cellular shrinkage or swelling with marked mitochondrial swelling (high amplitude swelling). White matter alterations included axonal swelling and adaxonal splitting of myelin lamellae. Vascular changes included perivascular deposits of proteinaceous material presumably from leakage of serum proteins, variable electron lucency of endothelial cell cytoplasm, an apparent increase in pinocytotic vesicles, rare platelet thrombosis of capillaries, and rare intravascular blebs of luminal plasma membrane. As a model of brain damage following energy deficiency, NPA intoxication has the advantages of producing morphological brain injury in a highly predictable anatomical pattern, and at a time paralleling the onset of clinical recumbency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00691103
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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