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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of applied ichthyology 2 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1439-0426
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: In cells of skin lesions of European eels herpesvirus-like-particles could be demonstrated. The particles found in the nuclei had a diameter of 75 nm.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉ZusammenfassungDemonstration Herpesvirus-ähnlicber Partikel in veränderten Hautzellen Europäischer Aale (Anguilla anguilla)In Zellen veränderter Hautpartien Europäischer Aale konnten Herpesvirus-ähnliche Partikel nachgewiesen werden. Die im Zellkern ermittelten Partikel hatten einen Durchmesser von 75 nm.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉RésuméDemonstration de la presence de particules ressemblant au virus herpès dans des lésions de la peau cbez. l'anguille européenne (Anguilla anguilla)Dans les cellules des lesions de la peau d'anguilles européennes il a pu être démontré la présence de particules semblables au virus herpès. Les particules trouvées dans le nucléus de la cellule avaient un diamètre de 75 nm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Chlorophyll degradation ; Choline chloride ; Cucumis ; Ethanolamine ; Phospholipid ; Photooxidation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of pretreatment of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) roots with choline chloride or ethanolamine on leaf phospholipid composition and light-induced leaf damage during chilling was studied. Photooxidative chlorophyll degradation was similarly inhibited by both amino alcohols. The decrease of the chlorophyll a/chlorophyll b ratio and the increase of polyunsaturated-fatty-acid degradation during chilling in the light were equally inhibited by pretreatment with choline chloride or ethanolamine. Treatment with choline chloride and ethanolamine caused, respectively, 43% and 26% increases in the total phospholipid contents of the leaves. After treatment with choline chloride, the phosphatidylcholine content was higher than the content of phosphatidylethanolamine; the reverse was true after treatment with ethanolamine. The chlorophyll concentration increased less than the phospholipid concentration, resulting in a decreased chlorophyll/phospholipid ratio of treated leaves. During chilling in the light, degradation of phosphatidylcholine, ethanolamine and phosphatidyl glycerol occurred. Phosphatidyl glycerol was less sensitive than phosphatidylcholine and ethanolamine. The degradation was equally inhibited by pretreatment with either amino alcohol. Possible connections between the phospholipid content of leaf membranes and the inhibition of chilling-induced photooxidative leaf damage are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 33 (1988), S. 755-760 
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die hydratisierten Seltenerdiphosphate LnPO4·xH2O (Ln=La bis Dy) enthalten in Kanälen ihrer Struktur zeolithisches Wasser, das reversibel bis 300 °C abgegeben wird. Die thermische Stabilität der Hydrate hängt von der Natur des Ln ab. Die Entwässerungstemperaturθ sinkt mit abnehmendem Ionenradiusr der Ln3+-Ionen gemäss:θ=(r−a)/b (a undb sind empirische Konstanten, die von den experimentellen Bedingungen abhängen). Die isotherme Entwässerung lässt sich im Umsatzbereich 0 ⩽ α ⩽ 0,65 mit der Gleichung für kontrahierende Fläche (zweidimensionale Phasengrenzreaktion) beschreiben. Die kinetischen Grössen AktivierungsenergieE, -enthalpieΔH *, und -entropieΔS * wurden berechnet und die kinetische Stabilität der Hydrate wird diskutiert.
    Abstract: Резюме Ортофосфаты редкозе мельных элементов об щей формулы LnPO4·xH2O (Ln=La-Dy) в своих структурны х полостях содержат цеолитную воду, выдел яющуюся обратимо при темпера туре до 300°. Термоустой чивость гидратов зависит от п рироды редкоземельного эле мента. Температура де гидратации уменьшается с уменше нием ионного радусаr элемента в со ответствии с уравнен ием θ=(r-а)/b, где 9 — ДСК или ДТА температурный пик де гидратации, aа иb — эмп ирические константы, зависящие от экспериментальных у словий. Уравнение ско рости реакции типа сжимаем ой площади было справедливым для лин еаризации графиков изотермическая а — вр емя в интервале а ∈ 〈0; 0,65〉. Вычислены кинетичес кие величиныЕ, А, ΔН * иΔS * и обсуждена кинетичес кая устойчивость гидратов.
    Notes: Abstract The hydrated rare earth orthophosphates LnPO4 ·xH2O (Ln=La-Dy) contain zeolitic water in the structural channels, which is released reversibly up to 300°. The thermal stabilities of the hydrates depend upon the nature of the Ln atom. The dehydration temperature decreases with decreasing ionic radiusr of Ln3+, according to the general equationθ=(r−a)/b (whereθ is the DSC and/or DTG dehydration peak temperature, anda andb are empirical constants depending on the experimental conditions). The contracting-area rate equation was valid for linearization of the isothermalα vs. time plots in the rangeα ∈ 〈0; 0.65〉. Kinetic values ofE, A, ΔH + and ΔS+ were calculated and the kinetic stabilities of the hydrates are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Fatty acid composition ; Frost tolerance ; Membrane fluidity ; Phase transition temperature ; Triticum (frost hardiness)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Phospholipid multibilayers, obtained from two cultivars of thermally acclimated wheats of different frost resistances (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Penjamo 62, the sensitive cultivar, and T. aestivum L. cv. Miranovskaja 808, the frost-resistant cultivar), were investigated using electron-spin-resonance and X-ray-diffraction techniques. The former technique revealed two breaks in the motion of the spin-labelled fatty acid 2-(14-carboxyte-tradecyl)-2-ethyl-4,4-dimethyl-3-oxazolidinyloxyl, for both cultivars (+3°C,-17° C and +5° C,-18° C, respectively) when grown at 22° C. The resistant cultivar compensated for exposure to cold (+2° C) by shifting the onset of the apparent phase-separation temperature from +3° C to-16° C. The sensitive cultivar was unable to do so. X-ray diffraction did not reveal fluid-to-gel transitions between +20° C and-10° C in any of the samples. The possible role of the formation of relatively ordered aggregates or clusters of lipid molecules discerned by spin probe within the otherwise freely dispersed liquid-like lipids is discussed in terms of freezing injury of plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Frost hardiness ; Lipid (phase separation) ; Sterol (free) ; Triticum (frost hardiness)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The contents of free sterols and phospholipids in leaves of wheat, Triticum aestivum L., cultivars of different frost resistances, as well as the physical state of isolated phospholipids in the presence and absence of sterols, were compared before and after hardening. There was an inverse relationship between the sterol/phospholipid ratio and frost tolerance as a consequence of both a decrease in the free sterol, and an increase in the total phospholipid content. Sterol-sterol interactions were investigated using wide angle X-ray diffraction, while the phase behaviour of phospholipid vesicles was studied using the electron-spin-resonance (ESR) technique. No sterol-sterol interactions at-10° C were detected in vesicles obtained from the hardened most cold-tolerant cultivar (Miranovskaja 808), containing sterols in a ratio (0.08) found in the original lipid extracts. In contrast, when the sterol-phospholipid ratio in the vesicles was set to the level (0.39) found in the extracts of the most sensitive cultivar, Penjamo 62, the appearance of sharp reflexion rings at 4.5·10-1, 4.8·10-1 and 5.0·10-1 nm indicated strong sterol-sterol interactions. The temperatures for the onset of phase separation for vesicles of identical sterol/phospholipid ratios found in lipid extracts of hardened Miranovskaja 808 were almost the same as those measured in purified phospholipids (-15 vs.-16° C). In contrast, the temperature for the onset of phase separation of vesicles with a sterol/phospholipid ratio characteristic of hardened Penjamo 62 was shifted upwards (from-6 to-2° C). Phase separation was not completed in the vesicles of Miranovskaja 808 in the temperature range scanned (-30° C) but was shifted from-22 to-18° C in the presence of sterols in the case of Penjamo 62. The results are discussed in terms of the composition and physical state of membranes in relation to survival at freezing temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-6881
    Keywords: Mitochondria ; submitochondrial particles ; lipid peroxidation ; cytochrome P450 ; succinate (rat liver)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Lipid peroxidation in isolated rat liver mitochondria, mitoplast, and mitochondrial inner membrane fragments was induced either by ferrous ions, or in an NADPH-dependent process by complexing with adenine nucleotides (ADP or ATP) iron. The Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation is nonenzymic when inner membrane fragments are used, while the differences in the inhibitory effect of Mn2+ ions and the stimulatory effect of the ionophore A-23187 in mitochondria and inner membrane fragments suggest an enzymic mechanism for ferrous ion-induced lipid peroxidation in intact mitochondria. Contrary to this the ADP/Fe/NADPH-dependent lipid peroxidation is an enzymic process both in mitochondria and inner membrane preparations. We have shown that cytochrome P450 is involved in the ADP/Fe/NADPH-induced lipid peroxidation. Succinate, a known inhibitor of NADPH-dependent lipid peroxidation, inhibited the Fe2+-induced process also, and there was no difference in this effect when inner membrane preparations, mitochondria, or mitoplasts were used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-6881
    Keywords: Lipid peroxidation ; mitochondria ; respiratory chain ; effect of succinate ; membrane permeability ; isocitrate dehydrogenase ; cross-linking (rat liver)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The damaging effects of ADP/Fe/NADPH-induced lipid peroxidation were studied on the enzymes and membranes of rat liver mitochondria. Succinate, an inhibitor of mitochondrial lipid peroxidation, prevented or delayed most of the damage caused by the peroxidation on different mitochondrial structures and functions. There were marked abnormalities on the electrophoretic pattern of mitochondrial proteins during the course of lipid peroxidation. The disappearance of particular polypeptide bands and the accumulation of high-molecular-weight aggregates could be observed. Succinate was found to delay these effects. As a consequence of lipid peroxidation the succinate oxidase activity of mitochondria was decreased. The succinate dehydrogenase enzyme and the component(s) of the respiratory chain were inactivated. Succinate prevented the inactivation of succinate dehydrogenase but did not protect the other components of terminal oxidation chain. From the matrix enzymes the glutamate dehydrogenase retained its full activity but the NADP-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase was inactivated. The mitochondrial membranes became permeable to large protein molecules. Succinate prevented the inactivation of isocitrate dehydrogenase and delayed the release of protein molecules from mitochondria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 18 (1986), S. 255-265 
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Conditions of applicability of quasi-steady-state kinetic treatment have been investigated with respect to the explanation of the decomposition of propane and the influence of ethylene on this.From the measured rate of accumulation of ethane and from the relations between the kinetic equations describing product formation, the rate parameters of the initiation reactions were determined, for which the temperature-dependences \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ k_i = 10^{17,05 \pm 0.99} \exp ( - 356 \pm 11{\rm kJmol}^{{\rm - 1}} /RT)s^{ - 1} $$\end{document} and \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ k_{ie} = 10^{12.0 \pm 0.99} \exp ( - 225 \pm 15{\rm kJmol}^{{\rm - 1}} /RT){\rm mol}^{{\rm - 1}} {\rm dm}^{\rm 3} s^{ - 1} $$\end{document} were found.In the decomposition of propane under the examined conditions, the chain length exceeds 500. In response to ethylene the chain length significantly decreases, but even in this case the decomposition chains are long enough for it to be assumed that the ratios of radical concentrations are governed by the propagation steps.Calculations demonstrated that the actual radical concentration during a sufficiently short induction period approximates to the stationary concentration, so that it does not seriously affect the accuracy of the kinetic treatment.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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