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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment of colon cancer in rats with rMuTNF and the interferon-inducer bropirimine (1989)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 26 (1989), S. 151-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract It is well documented that the antitumor activity of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is improved by interferons (IFN's). Bropirimine (BP) is an immune response modifier which induces IFN. Both TNF and BP have the capacity to inhibit the growth of a transplantable colon tumor (CC 531) in inbred WAG rats. In the present study their combined use was investigated in a one-week assay, with the tumor implanted under the renal capsule. The results indicate that BP, given on days 0 and 1, and 1 μg TNF on days 0, 2 and 4 act additively, leading to an almost complete inhibition of tumor growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02126589
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The superstructure of chromatin and its condensation mechanism (1989)
    Springer
    European biophysics journal 17 (1989), S. 245-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: X-ray solution scattering ; synchrotron radiation ; electric dichroism ; chicken erythrocyte chromatin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Electric dichroism and X-ray scattering measurements on solutions of uncondensed and condensed chicken erythrocyte chromatin were interpreted on the basis of model calculations. Information about the state of uncondensed fibers in the conditions of electric dichroism measurements was obtained from scattering patterns recorded as a function of pH, in the presence of spermine and at very low monovalent cation concentrations. Electric dichroism measurements on a complex of uncondensed chromatin with methylene blue were made to determine the contribution of the linker and of the nucleosomes to the total dichroism. A new approach to calculate the dichroism from realistic structural models, which also yields other structural parameters (radius of gyration, radius of gyration of the cross-section, mass per unit length) was used. Only a restricted range of structures is simultaneously compatible with all experimental results. Further, it is shown that previous interpretations of dichroism measurements on chromatin were in contradiction with X-ray scattering data and failed to take into account the distribution of orientation of the nucleosomes in the fibers. When this is done, it is found that the linker DNA in chicken erythrocyte and sea urchin chromatin must run nearly perpendicularly to the fibre axis. Taken together with the dependence of the fibre diameter on the linker length, these results provede the strongest evidence hitherto available for a model in which the linker crosses the central part of the fibre.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00254282
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The superstructure of chromatin and its condensation mechanism (1988)
    Springer
    European biophysics journal 16 (1988), S. 177-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: X-ray solution scattering ; synchrotron radiation ; sea urchin chromatin ; solubility ; condensation ; electric dichroism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Comparison between the internucleosomal distance found by X-ray solution scattering for chicken erythrocyte (23 nm) and sea urchin (30 nm) chromatin indicates that this distance is proportional to the linker length. The diameter of the condensed sea urchin chromatin fibers is about 45 nm which is significantly larger than in chicken erythrocyte chromatin (35 nm). Trivalent cations (Gd, Tb, Cr) and the polyamines spermine and spermidine were found to induce compaction at much lower concentrations than the divalent cations but Gd, Tb and Cr induce aggregation before full compaction of the fibers. The influence of hydrogen bonding is illustrated by comparison of the effects of NaCl, ammonium chloride and alkylammonium chlorides on condensation. Solubility experiments indicate that there is a nearly linear dependence of the Mg-- concentration at which precipitation occures on chromatin concentration and confirm the differences between cations observed by X-ray scattering. The chicken erythrocyte chromatin samples were further characterized by their reduced electric dichroism. The values found are consistent with the model derived from X-ray scattering and are compared with those reported in the literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00261903
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Abrogation of the tumor promoting effect of allogeneic blood transfusion by polyadenylic-polyuridylic acid (poly A-poly U) (1987)
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 25 (1987), S. 242-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Studies from several centers have shown an immunosuppressive effect of surgical procedures, whilst others have shown blood transfusion in association with cancer surgery to have an adverse effect on ultimate prognosis. We have previously demonstrated enhanced growth of tumor metastases, in rats following allogeneic blood transfusion and surgery. Polyadenylic-polyuridylic acid (poly A-poly U) has been reported to stimulate immune responses. In this report, we have investigated the effectiveness of poly A-poly U as an adjuvant to blood transfusion and surgical procedures in BN rats bearing artificial lung metastases. Significantly reduced tumor growth was observed, following poly A-poly U adjuvant treatment. These results lead to serious contemplation of the use of this drug as adjuvant therapy in blood transfused and surgically treated patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00199153
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Leukocyte adherence inhibition in patients with nonmalignant disorders of the colon and colorectal cancer (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 112 (1986), S. 276-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Tube LAI ; Colorectal cancer ; Colorectal polyps ; Colitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The tube leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) technique was used to investigate the antitumor immunity in two groups of patients generally considered to be at “high risk” of developing colorectal cancer. The first group comprised 21 patients with colorectal polyps and the second 12 patients with various forms of colitis. Also 29 patients with histologically confirmed colorectal cancer were tested. The tube LAI assay was performed using peripheral blood leukocytes from individual patients and crude extracts of colorectal and breast cancers. Positive LAI reactions were observed in 18 out of 29 (62%) patients with colorectal cancer, in 1 out of 21 (5%) patients with colorectal polyps and in 1 out of 12 (8%) patients with colitis. The results indicate that in confirmed cases of malignancies, sensitization to colon tumor-associated antigens could be detected in the tube LAI test, whereas, premalignant sensitization to these antigens in “high risk” groups of patients could not be demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00395923
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Combined effect of 5-fluorouracil and interferon on experimental liver metastases of rat colon carcinoma (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 109 (1985), S. 156-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Experimental liver metastases ; Colon tumor ; 5-Fu ; Interferon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The combined effect of 5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu) and partially purified rat interferon (RIFN) was assessed on experimental liver metastases of a transplantable colon tumor in rats. Treatment was given for 8 weeks and started 1 week after inoculation into the portal vein of 5×105 tumor cells. Administration of 105 units RIFN/kg/day for 7 days, in alternate weeks, had no effect on the number or size of liver metastases as judged by laparotomy on days 30 and 50, whereas treatment with 5-Fu at a dose of 15 mg/kg once a week had a moderate but significant inhibitory influence. The combined administration of RIFN and 5-Fu led to earlier development of liver metastases than in the control group. There was no difference in survival time between the control group and the RIFN-treated group; all animals died within 20 weeks after tumor cell injection. However, three of eight animals in the 5-Fu group and, surprisingly, four of ten animals in the RIFN+ 5-Fu group survived for more than 20 weeks and were found to be free of tumor when inspected after 175 days. The data indicate that 5-Fu, given either alone or combined with RIFN, is effective in about 40% of cases, and further suggest that RIFN has tumor-enhancing properties in those animals in which treatment with 5-Fu has no antitumor effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00391891
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modulation of tumor growth by allogeneic blood transfusion (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 111 (1986), S. 50-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of a single blood transfusion on the formation and outgrowth of experimental lung metastases was assessed in two tumor models in rats. The transfusions were given either 1 week before (day-7) or 1 week after (day +7) tumor cell inoculation. The first approach was performed to investigate the effect of transfusions on the formation of lung colonies, the second approach to study the effect on the outgrowth of established metastases. The first tumor model used was a transplantable, nonimmunogenic sarcoma (LS175) in BN rats. Animals were injected i.v. with 105 tumor cells and the number of metastases developing in the lungs was counted after 18 days. Experimental animals received 1 ml of allogeneic WAG blood, controls were given 1 ml of syngeneic BN blood. A single allogeneic transfusion given on day-7 had no effect on the formation of LS175 lung colonies but, when given day +7, stimulated the outgrowth of established metastases. The second tumor model was a highly immunogenic transplantable basal cell carcinoma (BC 1618) in inbred WAG rats. Rats were injected i.v. with 106 tumor cells and the numbers of lung colonies were counted after 21 days. Experimental animals were transfused with 1 ml of BN blood, controls received 1 ml of WAG blood. An allogeneic transfusion on day-7 led to a significant inhibition of lung metastases, whereas a transfusion on day +7 had no effect. The results clearly indicate that allogeneic blood transfusions can modulate tumor growth and metastasis. Although immunological factors seem to play a crucial role in this transfusion phenomenon, there was no clear-cut correlation between the observed effects (accelerated tumor growth vs inhibition of metastasis) and the type of immunomodulation evoked.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00402776
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