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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The pattern of adsorption of cationic antiseptics to polymethylmethacrylate (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 12 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Few studies have reported the maximum potential of surfaces to adsorb the cationic antiseptics and few comparisons between antiseptics have been carried out. The purpose of this investigation was to measure the maximum uptake of alexidine, cetyl pyridinium chloride, chlorhexidine gluconate and chlorhexidine acetate to polymethylmethacrylate and by the construction of adsorption isotherms determine the pattern of molecular attachment to the recipient surface. The mean maximum adsorption findings for these antiseptics demonstrated significantly greater uptake of cetyl pyridinium chloride than the other antiseptics and significantly less uptake of alexidine compared with the other antiseptics. All four antiseptics showed a Langmuir type adsorption isotherm consistent with the formation of a monolayer of molecules on the recipient surface. For chlorhexidine preliminary studies demonstrated that the pattern of adsorption was not altered by saliva pre-treatment of surfaces. No evidence of molecular multilayering was observed even at higher concentrations of the antiseptics. However, the maximum uptake on to the surface was significantly increased when no post-treatment washings were carried out. It was concluded that this increased uptake would be unlikely to play an important role in antiplaque activity because of its relative instability. The pH dependency for the adsorption of these antiseptics was demonstrated such that as previously observed for chlorhexidine gluconate at low pH adsorption is almost completely, or completely, prevented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.1985.tb00623.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reaction of carbamoyl-S-benzyl-carbodithiolate with dipolarophiles (1989)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 54 (1989), S. 3664-3667 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00276a030
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A clinical trial to assess the efficacy of sanguinarine-zinc mouthrinse (Veadent) compared with chlorhexidine mouthrinse (Corsodyl) (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of clinical periodontology 15 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. A single-blind crossover study was used to compare the ability of a 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthrinse (Corsodyl) with a sanguinarine-zinc mouthrinse (Veadent) to inhibit plaque and gingivitis. 14 volunteers starting with plaque-free mouths and optimal gingival health, rinsed with the preparations over two 19-day periods whilst refraining from all other oral hygiene procedures. At days 8, 15 and 19 of the trial, Corsodyl was significantly more effective at inhibiting both plaque and gingivitis. The Findings of this study would suggest that the Veadent mouthrinse would at most only have a limited rôle as an inhibitor of plaque and gingivitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.1988.tb02260.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The antibacterial effect of toothpastes on the salivary flora (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of clinical periodontology 15 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Both past and presently available toothpastes contain potential antimicrobial agents which could have a beneficial effect in the prevention of plaque and gingivitis. If these preparations were to be effective clinically, some effect on salivary bacteria would also be expected. This cross-over study measured salivary bacterial counts and the presence or absence of residual antibacterial activity in saliva following tooth brushing with 7 commercially available toothpastes, and moreover, compared their effect with that produced by a chlorhexidine gel. Generally, all toothpaste products produced a reduction in aerobic, anaerobic and streptococcal counts with a hexetidine containing toothpaste producing the largest and longest lasting reduction. In contrast, an enzyme containing toothpaste and an amine fluoride toothpaste, had little effect on bacterial counts. The chlorhexidine gel produced the largest reduction in salivary counts, which was evident for at least 5 h following brushing. Residual antibacterial activity in saliva was only evident immediately following brushing with the hexetidine toothpaste, but for the chlorhexidine gel, was present up to 90 min following brushing. The findings of this study have illustrated the limited antibacterial activity of presently available toothpastes on the salivary flora compared to chlorhexidine, and as such, would tend to question the relative benefit of toothpaste in preventing periodontal disease through an antimicrobial effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.1988.tb01569.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of the effect of toothpastes containing enzymes or antimicrobial compounds with a conventional fluoride toothpaste on the development of plaque and gingivitis (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of clinical periodontology 16 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Many toothpastes have been formulated over recent years to contain antimicrobial compounds with the aim of preventing or reducing plaque, calculus, gingival inflammation or dental caries. For many, if not all of these toothpastes, it has yet to be proven whether they are significantly better at reducing plaque and gingivitis than conventional toothpastes, for which no such therapeutic effects have been claimed. This 12–day, incomplete block designed, cross-over study compared the development of plaque and gingivitis following rinsing with toothpaste slurries containing the following active ingredients: (1) hexetidine/zinc citrate, (2) 0.2% triclosan, (3) amyloglucosidase/glucose oxidase, (4) sodium fluoride/sodium monofluorophosphate (NaF MFP). By the 8th day of the study, a significant difference in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and GT was found between the groups. By day 12, however, no significant difference in plaque index and gingival inflammation was found between the 4 toothpastes, although plaque area was significantly reduced with the hexetidine/zinc citrate paste when compared to the conventional fluoride paste, It was concluded that the active ingredients added to the toothpastes evaluated in this study provided little or no more additional benefit to oral hygiene and gingival health than could be achieved with a conventional fluoride toothpaste.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01658.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of a cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) detergent foam compared to a conventional toothpaste on plaque and gingivitis (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of clinical periodontology 16 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A CPC-detergent formulation in a foam vehicle, was compared with a fluoride toothpaste for its ability to prevent plaque and gingivitis over a period of 12 days. Whilst refraining from all other oral hygiene procedures, the foam or toothpaste was applied to the teeth in fluoride application trays, in a group of 14 volunteers. At days 8 and 12 of this crossover study, the following assessments were made: gingival crevicular fluid; gingival index; bleeding on probing; plaque index; plaque area. Except for plaque area at day 8 of the study, there were no significant differences between the 2 products at either day 8 or day 12. It is therefore concluded that the CPC-detergent formulation, in its present form, does not inhibit plaque and gingivitis more effectively than a conventional fluoride toothpaste.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051X.1989.tb01619.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of thyroid status on β-adrenoceptors and calcium channels in rat cardiac and vascular tissue (1988)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 337 (1988), S. 539-544 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Calcium channels ; β-Adrenoceptors ; Cardiac ; Hyperthyroidism ; Hypothyroidism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To determine the influence of thyroid hormone on β-adrenoceptors and Ca2+ channels, rats were treated with thyroxine (75 μg/100 g sc daily for 5 days) or propylthiouracil (0.05% in drinking water for 30 days). β-Adrenoceptor density in ventricular tissue, measured by [125I]iodocyanopindolol binding, was significantly increased and decreased respectively, following thyroxine or propylthiouracil treatment to 124.7 ± 7.11 fmol/mg protein and 71.98 ± 5.37 fmol/mg protein from euthyroid (control) levels of 93.7 ± 4.58 fmol/mg protein. Ca2+ channel density, measured by [3H]nitrendipine binding, was altered in the opposite direction; it was significantly decreased and increased to 324 ± 24 fmol/mg protein and 691 ± 31 fmol/mg protein from 562 ± 35 fmol/mg protein after thyroxine or propylthiouracil treatment, respectively. No changes in affinity of either ligand were observed. Responses of isolated papillary muscles from propylthiouracil-treated animals accorded with changes seen in the binding studies. The geometric mean EC50 of isoproterenol increased from 9.5 × 10−9 mol/1 to 5.5 × 10−8 mol/l, and the EC50 for calcium decreasedfrom 3.16 × 10−3 mol/1to 1.36 × 10−3 mol/1; moreover, the responsiveness to the Ca 2+ channel activator Bay K 8644 was increased. The corresponding responses in thyroxine-treated animals could not be examined because of prominent arrhythmic activity. As with papillary muscles the sensitivity of left atria to isoproterenol was decreased after treatment with propylthiouracil, with geometric mean EC50 values increasing from 3.21 × 10−9 mol/1 to 89.4 × 10−9 mol/l. This was however, associated with a decrease in the sensitivity to calcium with geometric mean EC50 values increasing from 2.43 × 10−3 mol/1 to 5.33 × 10−3 mol/1 and a reduction in the maximal response to Bay K 8644. Treatment with thyroxine had no effect on tissue sensitivity. The responses of isolated tail artery to phenylephrine, calcium and Bay K 8644 were not significantly different in propylthiouracil- or thyroxine-treated animals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00182728
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of thyroid status on \-adrenoceptors and calcium channels in rat cardiac and vascular tissue (1988)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 338 (1988), S. 708-708 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00165639
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the size of the galactic centre compact radio source: diameter 〈20 AU (1985)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 315 (1985), S. 124-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The A3.6-cm observations were made on 7 May 1983, using six telescopes: Haystack 36-m; National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) 43-m; Fort Davis 26-m; Goldstone 64-m (DSS14); Owens Valley Radio Observatory (OVRO) 40-m; and Hat Creek (HCRK) 26-m. The Mklll VLBI recording terminals5 were used with ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/315124a0
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MERLIN observations of the WolfRayet star AS431 (WR147)-a double radio source (1989)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 340 (1989), S. 449-450 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] AS431 was observed on 30 January 1988 at 5 GHz with a bandwidth of 9 MHz for a total period of 15 h. As part of the MERLIN extension project, the 5 GHz receivers have recently been equipped with cooling so that the system temperatures on the individual telescopes ranged from 30 K to 40 K. ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/340449a0
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