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  • 1985-1989  (5)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of sulfide and an increased food supply on the meiofauna and macrofauna at the East Flower Garden brine seep (1986)
    Springer
    Helgoland marine research 40 (1986), S. 57-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A sulfurous brine seep at the East Flower Garden Bank, northwest Gulf of Mexico, produces conditions conducive to the growth of a luxuriant prokaryotic biota. Hydrodynamic cropping continually harvests this biota and distributes it to sandy-bottom and hard-bank benthic communities downstream of the seep. Consequently, both macro- and meiofaunal abundances are dramatically increased above the regional norm in parts of the seep system. When sulfide is present, the lower Bilaterian groups belonging to the meiofauna dominate the community; without sulfide, macrofaunal groups, particularly crustaceans, dominate the community. Outside the influence of the seep, meiofaunal copepods predominate. Changes in taxonomic composition and abundance indicate that the sandy-bottom benthos at 70–80 m depth at the East Flower Garden bank is foodlimited and that, under these conditions, meiofauna, particularly the higher Bilaterian groups, dominate the community numerically. Perhaps, under food-limiting conditions, meiofauna compete favorably with macrofauna for food.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01987289
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Catalase in sulfide- and methane-dependent macrofauna from petroleum seeps (1989)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 45 (1989), S. 198-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Catalase ; sulfide ; methane ; oxygen ; petroleum seep ; bivalve ; vestimentiferan
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Vesicomyid and lucinid clams and tubeworms from Gulf of Mexico petroleum seeps, all of which bear symbiotic sulfide-oxidizing bacteria, have much lower catalase activities than shallow-water species lacking symbionts. A petroleum seep mussel bearing methane-oxidizing bacteria is unusual in having catalase activities as high as shallow-water bivalves. Unlike sulfide-dependent meiofauna from shallow-water marine sands, catalase from all petroleum seep species was inhibited by 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01954876
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of turbidity on calcification rate, protein concentration and the free amino acid pool of the coral Acropora cervicornis (1985)
    Springer
    Marine biology 87 (1985), S. 33-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Calcification rate in the coral Acropora cervicornis was reduced significantly when exposed for 24 h to 100-ppm kaolin, but was unchanged in corals exposed to 50-ppm kaolin. Calcification rate returned to control levels during a 48-h recovery period. Most free amino acids (FAA) in the FAA pool decreased significantly in corals exposed to 100-ppm kaolin, but were unchanged in corals exposed to 50-ppm kaolin. After a 48-h recovery period, the FAA pool remained considerably below control levels in the 100-ppm exposed corals and dropped below control levels in the 50-ppm exposed corals. Calcification rate dropped less and later during the exposure period in the growing tip than in sections further down the stalk. The reduction in FAA pool size was considerably larger in the growing tip than further down the stalk. Soluble protein concentration remained unchanged during both exposure and recovery. The data are consistent with the interpretation that turbidity not only causes a decrease in photosynthetic rate and the synthesis of small molecules, but also causes a large increase in the utilization of stored organic molecules for such metabolically costly processes as mucus production and sediment removal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00397003
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Movement of oxybiotic and thiobiotic meiofauna in response to changes in pore-water oxygen and sulfide gradients around macro-infaunal tubes (1988)
    Springer
    Marine biology 98 (1988), S. 395-414 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effects of changes in vertical and horizontal microscale gradients of oxygen and sulfide on meiofaunal distributions were examined in laboratory microcosms. Specifically, the effect of tube abandonment and reestablishment by macro-infauna on the distribution of subsurface turbellarians, gnathostomulids and gastrotrichs was studied. Meiofauna responded rapidly (within 6 h) to changing sediment chemistry, consistently trying to reoccupy optimal habitat. Every subsurface taxon had a preferred suboptimal habitat which it occupied primarily during transit from deteriorating to newly established optimal habitat. Only during this time did the distribution of ecologically similar taxa overlap substantially. Changes in oxygen and sulfide gradients could explain most but not all of the response; food availability might also be important. Oxybios consistently chose oxic suboptimal microhabitat. Thus behaviorally, as well as biochemically and ecologically, thiobios represent a distinct group among the meiofauna.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00391116
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adaptations to life in the sulfide system: a comparison of oxygen detoxifying enzymes in thiobiotic and oxybiotic meiofauna (and freshwater planarians) (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 158 (1988), S. 335-344 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Although thiobiotic meiofauna live under anoxia, they have higher levels of the oxygen-detoxifying enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) than oxybiotic species. Microoxyphilic oxybios have lower enzyme activities than other oxybiotic species. All meiofauna have lower activities than oxybiotic macrofauna. Catalase and SOD activities increased in direct proportion to sulfide tolerance in thiobios and to ambient oxygen concentration in oxybios. All meiofaunal species studied, including oxybios, are usually exposed to lower O2 concentrations than burrow-dwelling macrofauna and so have lower catalase and SOD activities. Enzyme activities in thiobios must be related to sulfide concentration and sulfide metabolism because simple oxygen exposure is an unlikely explanation. Thiobiotic catalase is insensitive to both azide and 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole, similar to a sulfide-insensitive bacterial enzyme called pseudocatalase. Catalase and SOD activities are inversely proportional to light sensitivity in three planarian species, suggesting a photo-protective role for these enzymes in these species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00695332
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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