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Acidification of lakes in the eastern United States and southern Norway: a comparison (1988)

Wright, Richard F.

s.l. : American Chemical Society

Environmental science & technology 22 (1988), S. 178-182

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ISSN: 1520-5851

Source: ACS Legacy Archives

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es00167a007

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RAIN project: Role of organic acids in moderating ph change following reduction in acid deposition (1989)

Wright, Richard F.

Springer

Water, air & soil pollution 46 (1989), S. 251-259

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ISSN: 1573-2932

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering

Notes: Abstract The RAIN project (Reversing Acidification In Norway) entails catchment-scale experimental manipulations to investigate the effect on water and soil chemistry of drastic changes in precipitation chemistry. At Risdalsheia in southernmost Norway wet deposition of acid is excluded from a 860-m2 headwater catchment by means of a roof and “clean” precipitation is added beneath. Four years of acid exclusion (through June 1988) have resulted in lower concentrations of the strong acid anions NO3 (from 35 to 7 ueq L-1) and SO4 (from 110 to 53 ueq L-1) in runoff. The decline in strong acid anion concentrations has been compensated partially by a decrease in concentrations of base cations (55%) and partially by an increase in alkalinity (45%). pH has increased only slightly from 4.0 to 4.1. Organic acids have become increasingly important for the pH of runoff. Runoff from the shallow organic soils contains 10 to 20 mg C L-1 total organic carbon (TOC). The concentration of organic anions (estimated from the ionic balance) has increased from about 22 ueq L-1 in 1984 to 49 ueq L-1 in 1987. This increase is due to increased dissociation of organic acids and not to change in TOC concentrations. The organic C in these acid samples apparently has a maximum charge density of about 4.5 ueq mg C-1 and pK of about 4.