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  • 1980-1984  (6)
  • 1970-1974  (4)
  • 1940-1944
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (6)
  • Sciatic nerve, rat  (4)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of degeneration and regeneration in the divided rat sciatic nerve based on electron microscopy (1972)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 124 (1972), S. 103-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Peripheral nerves ; Myelinated axons ; Regeneration ; Sciatic nerve, rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the first six days after division myelinated axons in the proximal stump of rat sciatic nerves produce collateral and terminal sprouts. These are present as circumscribed “groups” which are positively distinguishable from clusters of non-myelinated axons. Two types of “groups” are identifiable, and their distribution in some of the nerve segments is analysed. Their evolution was followed in sequential nerve segments, the initial ‘tight’ structure becoming looser between 7 and 10 days, and myelinated axons appeared in them during this time. At this stage a complete basal lamina was present surrounding the entire “group”. Some of the cells in the “groups” did not have the characteristics of Schwann cells. Between 7 and 10 days after division alveolate vesicles and densely staining material in the cisternae of the rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum were prominent in Schwann cells in the distal part of the proximal stump. It is thought that both types of “group” are developed from single myelinated axons and the name “regenerating unit” is proposed for both types. Their relationship to “clusters”, seen in the distal stump of regenerating peripheral nerves, and “onion bulbs”, present in some peripheral neuropathies, is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335457
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of degeneration and regeneration in the divided rat sciatic nerve based on electron microscopy (1972)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 124 (1972), S. 165-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Peripheral nerves ; Regeneration ; Sciatic nerve, rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Between seven days and six weeks after division the internal architecture of rat sciatic nerves is altered, their original mono- or di-fascicular configuration being replaced by a collection of small fascicles each surrounded by perineurium. This change, called by us ‘compartmentation’, has a minimum retrograde extent of 3.5 mm and is brought about by changes in Schwann cells and endoneurial fibroblasts, which undergo circumferential elongation to surround groups of axons and so come to resemble perineurial cells. Ultrastructural changes occur in these cells during compartmentation. There is a marked rise in the number of endoneurial fibroblasts in the distal segments of the proximal stump. The stimulus to the development of compartmentation is considered to be disturbance of the endoneurial environment following rupture of the perineurium. Changes in the structure and appearance of endoneurial cells suggest that metaplasia occurs between Schwann cells, endoneurial fibroblasts and perineurial cells, and it is concluded that these cell types in the endoneurium have a common origin from embryonic ectoderm. This suggests that the surgical treatment of peripheral nerve injuries should be primarily directed to the reconstitution of the endoneurial environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335678
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of degeneration and regeneration in the divided rat sciatic nerve based on electron microscopy (1972)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 124 (1972), S. 103-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Peripheral nerves ; Myelinated axons ; Regeneration ; Sciatic nerve, rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the first six days after division myelinated axons in the proximal stump of rat sciatic nerves produce collateral and terminal sprouts. These are present as circumscribed “groups” which are positively distinguishable from clusters of non-myelinated axons. Two types of “groups” are identifiable, and their distribution in some of the nerve segments is analysed. Their evolution was followed in sequential nerve segments, the initial ‘tight’ structure becoming looser between 7 and 10 days, and myelinated axons appeared in them during this time. At this stage a complete basal lamina was present surrounding the entire “group”. Some of the cells in the “groups” did not have the characteristics of Schwann cells. Between 7 and 10 days after division alveolate vesicles and densely staining material in the cisternae of the rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum were prominent in Schwann cells in the distal part of the proximal stump. It is thought that both types of “group” are developed from single myelinated axons and the name “regenerating unit” is proposed for both types. Their relationship to “clusters”, seen in the distal stump of regenerating peripheral nerves, and “onion bulbs”, present in some peripheral neuropathies, is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00981944
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of degeneration and regeneration in the divided rat sciatic nerve based on electron microscopy (1972)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 124 (1972), S. 131-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Peripheral nerves ; Injuries ; Axons ; Sciatic nerve, rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Changes in the proximal stump of axons of divided rat sciatic nerves in the first 6 weeks after nerve section were studied, particularly in terms of alterations in the organelle content, axoplasmic ultrastructure and the diameter of the axons. A variety of organelle types were observed; quasi-membranous structures, multivesicular bodies, dense bodies, vesicles and tubules, dense cored vesicles and alveolate vesicles: their identification and the functional implications of their presence are discussed. Alterations in the ultrastructure of the “stained” elements of the axoplasm are described. Axons containing excess organelles were divided into classes, comprising myelinated axons; and “supergiant”, “giant” and “conventional” non-myelinated axons. Temporal changes in these axons are described. The characteristics of the various classes of apparently non-myelinated axon are considered in terms of their identification as regenerating terminal sprouts of myelinated axons, segmentally demyelinated axons, sections through abnormal nodes of Ranvier or merely non-myelinated axons. The structure of axons in “regenerating units” is described. Changes in the neurofilament microtubule ratio of small axons without excess organelles are demonstrated, and “spiralling” of neurofilaments in some myelinated and non-myelinated axons with normal axoplasmic ultrastructure is illustrated and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335677
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of linoleic acid on capping, lectin mediated mitogenesis, surface antigen expression, and fluorescent polarization in lymphocytes and BHK cells (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 103 (1980), S. 399-406 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The incubation of linoleic acid with cells causes profound effects on membrane associated phenomenon. Using the fluorescent probe diphenyl hexatriene (DPH) to monitor lipid changes in the microenvironment of the cell surface, we find that linoleic acid reduces the polarization values (P) in mouse lymphocytes and BHK cells. Measurements on lipids extracted from the cells grown in linoleic acid produce similar results. We also find in the mouse lymphocyte that capping of Ig is inhibited and con A stimulated mitogenesis is unaffected. In contrast to the latter effect, LPS and PHA stimulated mitogenesis is inhibited and in the rat lymph node, con A stimulated mitogenesis, greatly enhanced. We also show that linoleic acid alters the binding of antibodies to the cell surface of EL-4 lymphoma cells. These observations suggest that linoleic acid alters cellular function by interfering with protein/lipid interactions within the surface membrane.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041030305
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modulation of microsomal glucose-6-phosphate translocase activity by free fatty acids: Implications for lipid domain structure in microsomal membranes (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 115 (1983), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Recent studies from this laboratory have demonstrated differential effects of cis-unsaturated (type A) free fatty acids (FFA) and trans-unsaturated or saturated (type B) FFA on protein-mediated surface phenomena, namely, (1) capping on surface immunoglobulin in lymphocytes, (2) receptor-mediated aggregation of platelets, and (3) adhesion of BHK cells. These results were explained in terms of the FFA-perturbing specific lipid domains of the plasma membrane with subsequent modulation of the function of proteins occupying those domains. We wanted to determine if a differential effect of type A and type B FFA could be measured in an isolated membrane system, and chose to study the glucose-6-phosphate (Glc-6-P) translocase:hexose phosphate phosphohydrolase complex of rat liver endoplasmic reticulum. It was found that in intact microsomes, hydrolysis of Glc-6-P was inhibited by linoleic acid and linolenic acid. When the permeability barrier of the microsome was disrupted inhibition of hydrolysis was abolished. These results suggested that the Glc-6-P translocase was effected by the type A FFA. Importantly, palmitic acid, stearic acid, and elaidic acid had no significant effect on either translocation or hydrolysis of Glc-6-P. In addition, other microsomal enzymes, including the serine ethanolamine base exchange protein, diacylglycerol CDP choline phosphotransferase, diacylglycerol CDP ethanolamine phosphotransferase, NAD(P)H cytochrome C reductase, and NADH ferricyanide reductase were not significantly effected by the FFA used in these experiments. The FFA used, although bound to microsomes, were apparently not incorporated into phospholipids, or cyclooxygenated into prostaglandins during the time course of these experiments. Based on previous results showing that cis-unsaturated FFA exert their greatest perturbing effects in gel-like lipid, we postulate that the transport protein occupies such a gel-like lipid domain in the endoplasmic reticulum bilayer.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041150102
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural determinants of the capacity of heparin to inhibit the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 120 (1984), S. 315-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Previous work from our laboratory has demonstrated that both anticoagulant and nonanticoagulant heparin species can inhibit the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells in vivo and in vitro. In this communication, we report studies on the structure-function relationships of heparin to its antiproliferative effect on vascular smooth muscle cells. These structure-function studies were carried out by preparing discrete sizes of heparin fragments and by chemically modifying heparin. The compounds were tested for their ability to inhibit rat and calf aortic smooth muscle cell growth. The minimum fragment size which retains some growth inhibitory activity is a hexasaccharide; maximal antiproliferative activity was obtained with dodecasaccharide and larger fragments. Both O-sulfation and N-substitution were found to be important for the growth inhibitory effect. Comparison of the antiproliferative and anticoagulant activities of the different heparin species has allowed us to identify several heparin molecules which have lost their anticoagulant properties, but retain antiproliferative activity.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041200309
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of urea treatment on the divalent cation-independent cell aggregation of 3T3MIT fibroblasts (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 113 (1982), S. 113-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Growth of nontransformed 3T3MIT fibroblasts in media containing 200 mM urea leads to the rapid acquisition of the transformed adhesive phenotype as evidenced by an increased rate of divalent cation-independent cell aggregation. The increased rate of divalent cation-independent cell aggregation of urea treated 3T3MIT cells shares many properties with the high rate of aggregation of transformed cells including a sensitivity to treatment with trypsin or hyaluronidase and a reduction in the presence of exogenously added hyaluronic acid. Reversal of the urea-induced increase in aggregation occurs within 24 hours in the absence of urea and can be blocked by 0.2 μg/ml cycloheximide. In the presence of cycloheximide, low rates of aggregation can be restored by the addition of urea-conditioned supernatents. The results of these experiments suggest that the loss of an aggregation-inhibitory activity during growth in media containing 200 mM urea is responsible for the increased rate of divalent cation-independent cell aggregation. After removal of this aggregation-inhibitory activity, the normally lowly adhesive 3T3MIT cells become phenotypically transformed with regards to the rate of divalent cation-independent cell aggregation.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041130119
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of 60-Hz electric fields on specific humoral and cellular components of the immune system (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Bioelectromagnetics 3 (1982), S. 341-347 
    Details
    ISSN: 0197-8462
    Keywords: immunology ; mice ; 60-Hz electric fields ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Occupational Health and Environmental Toxicology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: We evaluated humoral and cellular functions of the immune system of Swiss-Webster mice exposed to 60-Hz electric fields at 100 kV/m. No significant differences were observed in primary antibody response to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (precipitating antibody levels) between exposed (30 or 60 days) and control mice, nor were there significant changes in mitogen-stimulation response of spleen cells from mice similarly exposed for 90 or 150 days when compared to sham-exposed animals.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250030306
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hematologic and immunologic effects of pulsed microwaves in mice (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Bioelectromagnetics 4 (1983), S. 383-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 0197-8462
    Keywords: hematology ; immunology ; mice ; pulsed microwaves ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Occupational Health and Environmental Toxicology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Mice were exposed in the far field in an anechoic chamber to 2,880-MHz pulsed microwaves 3 to 7.5 h daily, 5 days/week for 60 to 360 h. Three experiments were performed at average power densities of 5 mW/cm2 and six at 10 mW/cm2, corresponding to averaged specific absorption rates (SARs) of 2.25 and 4.50 mW/g, respectively. Each experiment consisted of eight mice, with a concurrently sham-exposed group of eight. In two of three studies at 5 mW/cm2, there was a significant increase in bone marrow cellularity in the microwave-exposed groups compared to the sham-exposed groups. Significant differences were occasionally seen in erythrocyte, leukocyte, and platelet values from microwaveexposed groups, but were not consistently observed. In one of six groups exposed at 10 mW/cm2, mean bone marrow cellularity was reduced significantly in the microwaveexposed mice; in another group, the lymphocyte count was increased. In only one exposure (10 mW/cm2 for 360 h) was any significant effect noted on serum proteins: a reduction to 5.1 ± 0.3 g/dl in the exposed versus 5.6 ± 0.4 g/dl in the sham-exposed mice. This was due to a decrease in alpha and beta globulins, with no effect on albumin or gamma globulin concentrations. No effect on bone marrow granulocyte/macrophage colony-forming units (CFU) was revealed following exposure of mice to pulsed microwaves at 5 mW/cm2. In one of four exposures at 10 mW/cm2, there was a significant increase in CFU-agar colonies. No significant effects of exposures at 10 mW/cm2 were observed on in vivo and in vitro assays of cell-mediated immune functions. No exposure-related histopathologic lesions were found from examination of several tissues and organs. Results of these series of exposures of mice at SARs of 2.25 and 4.50 mW/g indicated no consistent effects on the hematologic, immunologic, or histopathologic variables examined.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250040409
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