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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 70 (1982), S. 147-155 
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: black lipid membranes ; carrier-mediated ion transport ; lipid mixture ; Ca++-induced phase separation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Voltage jump-current relaxation experiments have been performed with valinomycin-doped membranes of mixtures of 1,2-dipentadecylmethylidene-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine (PC) and charged-phosphatidic acid (PA). Both relaxation processes predicted by a simple carrier model could be resolved which allowed the calculation of the rate constants of the Rb+ transport. The dependence of the rate constants on the membrane composition indicates that (i) the lipids in the mixed membranes are homogeneously distributed and that (ii) no major difference exists between the composition of the membrane and that of the torus. The analysis of the stationary conductance data, however, shows that the valinomycin content of the mixed membranes depends strongly on their lipid composition. Addition of Ca++ ions to a 1∶1 mixture induces a phase separation into PA domains of very low conductivity and PC-enriched regions of high conductivity. Half saturation is reached atc ca=5×10−4 m. At 10−2 m Ca++ in the aqueous phase, the rate constants clearly indicate that all PA molecules are electrically “passivated” and only pure PC domains contribute to the membrane current. A detailed picture is thus derived of the coupling of a model transport system to the externally triggered membrane reorganization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Basic research in cardiology 78 (1983), S. 113-123 
    ISSN: 1435-1803
    Keywords: carbocromene ; cardiac microcirculation ; myocardial capillary density
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In Urethan-narkotisierten, thorakotomierten Ratten wurde untersucht, ob die Dichte plasmaperfundierter Kapillaren im Herzen unter einer pharmakologisch ausgelösten Vasodilatation ansteigt. Carbocromen führte in einer Dosis von 3,0 mg/(kg×min) i.v., über 5 min infundiert, zu einem Anstieg der Koronardurchblutung von 6,2±0,6 auf 15,6±0,1 ml/(min×g); Herzfrequenz und Blutdruck waren hierbei nur geringfügig verändert. Die Kapillardichte wurde bestimmt, indem ein plasmamarkierender Farbstoff (FITC bzw. RB 200 an γ-Globulin gekoppelt) für unterschiedlich lange Zeiten demselben Versuchstier infundiert wurde. Bei einer Farbstoff-Applikationszeit von 10 min ergaben sich keine signifikanten Unterschiede in der Kapillardichte Carbocromen-behandelter Tiere im Vergleich zu den Kontrollen (Carbocromen-behandelte Ratten: 3630±90 Kap./mm2 Subepikard. 3360±70 Kap./mm2 Subendokard; Kontrolle: 3750±140 Kap./mm2 Subepikard, 3210±90 Kap./mm2 Subendokard). In den mit dem Vasodilatator behandelten Tieren fand sich bereits nach 1 s eine nahezu vollständige Markierung des Kapillarsystems (3500±170 Kap./mm2 Subepikard, 3070±110 Kap./mm2 Subendokard), während signifikant niedrigere Werte bei einer entsprechenden Markierungszeit in den Kontrollversuchen beobachtet wurden (2560±460 Kap./mm2 Subepikard, 1960±400 Kap./mm2 Subendokard). Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß die Füllung der kardialen Mikrozirkulation unter der pharmakologisch ausgelösten Vasodilatation beschleunigt erfolgt, daß aber die maximale Dichte plasmadurchströmter Kapillaren nicht ansteigt.
    Notes: Summary Urethane-anesthetized thoracotomized rats were used to ascertain whether the density of plasma-perfused capillaries increases in the heart during pharmacologically induced vasodilation. Carbocromene, in a dose of 3.0 mg/(kg×min) i.v., infused for 5 min, raised coronary blood flow from 6.2±0.6 to 15.6±0.1 ml/(min×g); heart rate and blood pressure were only slightly changed. Capillary density was determined by timed infusions of a plasma label (FITC or RB 200 coupled with γ-globulin), infused for different periods of time in the same animal. No significant difference could be observed in the number of capillaries marked for 10 min in the carbocromene-treated rats as compared to the controls (carbocromene-treated rats: 3,630±90 cap/mm2 subepicardium, 3,360±70 cap/mm2 subendocardium; controls: 3,750±140 cap/mm2 subepicardium, 3,210±90 cap/mm2 subendocardium). In those rats treated with the vasodilator the filling of the microcirculatory system was nearly complete within a labelling period of 1 sec (3,500±170 cap/mm2 subepicardium, 3,070±110 cap/mm2 subendocardium), whereas significantly lower values were found when the dye was infused for 1 sec in the controls (2,560±460 cap/mm2 subepicardium, 1,960±400 cap/mm2 subendocardium). The results indicate that the filling of the cardiac microcirculatory system is accelerated by a pharmacologically induced vasodilation, the maximal density of plasma-perfused capillaries is not raised, however.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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