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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The ionization of carbonic acid in Na-Mg-Cl solutions at 25°C (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 12 (1983), S. 401-412 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Carbonic acid ; ionization ; Pitzer parameters ; weak acids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The stoichiometric pK2 * and pK2 * for the ionization of carbonic acid has been determined from emf measurements in NaCl solutions with small amounts of MgCl2 from I=0.5 to 6.0 molal at 25°C. Our results at low ionic strengths (I=0.7) are in agreement with the measurements of Dyrssen and Hansson and Pytkowicz and Hawley. Our results have been analyzed using the ion pairing model and Pitzer's specific interaction equations. From the values of pK1 *, we have determined the Pitzer parameters β0[Mg (HCO3)2] = 0.0193 and β1[Mg (HCO3)2] = 0.0193 which reproduces the pK1 * results to ±0.01. The values of pK2 * were used to determine β0(MgCO3) = 2.833, β1(MgCO3) = -15.069, β2(MgCO3) = -204.90 and Cϕ (MgCO3)=−0.970 which reproduces the pK2 *′ s to ±0.02. The pK2 * results could be reproduced to the same precision with fewer parameters using the ion pairing model [pK(MgCO3)=3.00 and log γ (MgCO3)=0.0560 I].
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00646393
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ionization of carbonic acid in sodium chloride solutions at 25°C (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 11 (1982), S. 447-456 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Carbonic acid ; concentrated aqueous solutions ; ionization constants ; Pitzer's equations ; activity coefficients
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The stoichiometric pK 1 * and pK 2 * for the ionization of carbonic acid has been determined from emf measurements in NaCl soluions to 6.0m at 25°C. Our results at low concentrations are in good agreement with the results of Harned and Bonner, of Dyrssen and Hansson and of Roy et al. The calculated values of pK 1 * using Pitzer's equations agree with the measured values to ±0.01 pK units provided higher order terms are used. It was necessary to use a triplet interaction parameter (ψ) and higher order electrostatic terms (Eθ) to calculate reliable values of pK 2 * (±0.03 pK units) over the entire concentration range. These results demonstrate the reliability of the Pitzer equations to estimate activity coefficients in concentrated salt solutions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00647107
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    301. Freie Darmmuskeltransplantation zur Therapie der anorectalen Inkontinenz (1982)
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 358 (1982), S. 577-577 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Anal incontinence ; Smooth muscle ; Transplantation ; Stuhlinkontinenz ; Darmmuskeltransplantation ; anorectale Hochdruckzone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei 2 Patienten mit Anus praeter nach vielfachen Analfisteloperationen und totaler Stuhlinkontinenz wurde ein freies Darmmuskeltransplantat zur Wiederherstellung eines anorectalen Verschlußmechanismus verwendet. Das demucosierte, aus dem Sigma entnommene Darmmuskeltransplantat bewirkte Wiederherstellung einer anorectalen Hochdruckzone. Die Ruhedrucke im Analkanal (Ballonmanometrie) waren bei beiden Patienten zwischen 36 und 44 mm Hg, bei einem darmgesunden Kontrollkollektiv (n = 11) 47,0 ± 16,7 mm Hg. Die operative Rekonstruktion einer Hochdruckzone im Analkanal mit einem freien Colonmuskeltransplantat bewirkt die Wiederherstellung der Kontinenz.
    Notes: Summary Two patients with complete anal incontinence after multiple surgery including a colostomy because of anal fistulae received a colonic smooth muscle graft to reconstruct the anal continence mechanism. The mucosa-free smooth muscle graft taken from the sigma creates an anorectal high pressure zone. In these patients the anal pressure manometrically taken was 36 and 44 mm Hg, respectively. In a control group (n = 11) it was 47.0 ± 16.7 mm Hg. Surgical reconstruction of an anal high pressure zone with a free colonic smooth muscle graft creates full anal continence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01272047
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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